浙江省2001年审定的水稻新品种

嘉早０８是嘉兴市农科院选育的早籼稻 ,茎秆粗壮 ,穗型大 ,产量高 ,米质较优。经浙江省１９９９年和２０００年两年区试 ,平均单产为４４８．２８ｋｇ／６６７ｍ２ ,比对照浙７３３增产５．８８% ,两年增产均达极显著水平。２０００年省生产试验平均单产４７４．７ｋｇ／６６７ｍ２,比浙７３３增产８．４３ %。两年区试结果 :平均全生育期１１２．８天 ,比浙７３３长１．３天。平均每６６７ｍ２有效穗为２２万 ,每穗总粒数１３４．８粒、实粒数１０７．８粒 ,结实率８０% ,千粒重２５．５ｇ。抗性鉴定结果 :中抗稻瘟病 ,中感白叶枯病 ,感白…     

长粒粳稻—“水晶2号”

水晶２号株高１０１．５ｃｍ,分蘖中等 ,株形紧凑 ,穗长 ,着粒密度较稀。平均穗长１９．４ｃｍ ,每穗总粒１０３．３粒 ,实粒９７粒 ,结实率９３．７%。产量高 ,１９９９年 ,松江区种子公司组织区试 ,佘山点单产５９５．４ｋｇ／６６７ｍ２,居１５个参试品种第６位 ,闵行区种子管理站组织区试 ,马桥点单产５１２．７ｋｇ／６６７ｍ２,居７个参试品种第１位 ,比对照９３-６３增产８．６７%。松江区佘山镇农业公司 ,生产试种１ｈｍ２,平均单产４８７．５ｋｇ／６６７ｍ２。２０００年 ,闵行区马桥镇第二农场试种１．３４ｈｍ２ ,平均单产５５…     

甬优2号的特征特性及主要栽培技术

甬优２号系宁波市农科院和宁波市种子公司合作育成的杂交粳稻新品种。浙江省１９９８和１９９９两年杂交晚粳稻区试 ,平均单产分别为４７０．０ｋｇ／６６７ｍ２和４０２．１ｋｇ／６６７ｍ２,比对照秀水１１增产１２．４４%和６．１０%。１９９９年慈溪市周巷镇单季连片种植３７．３ｈｍ２,平均单产５６４．２ｋｇ／６６７ｍ２。２０００年诸暨市大面积试种示范 ,３个单季百亩示范方 ,平方单产５６６．９ｋｇ／６６７ｍ２。各地普遍认为该品种杂种优势强 ,单双季兼宜 ,优质、高产 ,好看、好种。一、主要特征特性１.生育期该品种为中熟晚粳…     

湖北省2001年审定通过的水稻新品种

１．鄂早１３系湖北大学育成的早稻品种。１９９８～１９９９年参加湖北省早稻品种区试 ,两年试验平均单产４５５．５９ｋｇ／６６７ｍ２,比对照鄂早１１增产１６．３０ %。全生育期１１２天。２．鄂早１４系黄冈市农科所育成的早稻品种。１９９８～１９９９年参加湖北省早稻品种区试 ,两年试验平均单产３９３．８７ｋｇ／６６７ｍ２,比对照鄂早１１增产６．１０%。全生育期１０８天。３．鄂早１５系湖北省荆州农科院育成的早稻品种。１９９９～２０００年参加湖北省早稻品种区试 ,两年试验平均单产４２８．６３ｋｇ／６６７ｍ２ ,比对照鄂…     

浙江省2001年审定通过的水稻新品种

１.浙农９５２浙江大学农学院育成。浙江省１９９７、１９９８和１９９９三年早稻区试平均单产分别为４４６．６２ｋｇ／６６７ｍ２、４２７．７７ｋｇ／６６７ｍ２和３９３．１１ｋｇ／６６７ｍ２,比对照浙７３３分别减产３．１% ,增产０．２６ %和１．５７% ;２０００年生产试验平均单产４４０．６ｋｇ／６６７ｍ２,比浙７３３增产０．６４ %。三年区试平均全生育期１１０．６天 ,属迟熟早籼稻。抗稻瘟病能力较强 ,感白叶枯病、细条病、白背稻虱和褐稻虱。米质中等。适宜浙江省作早稻种植 ,但分蘖力偏弱 ,需适当增加插秧本数。２.瑞科２６…     

湖北省2002年审定通过的水稻新品种

１ .鄂早１６系湖北省荆州市种子总公司育成的早稻品种。１９９８～１９９９年参加湖北省早稻品种区试 ,两年试验平均单产３７８．０７ｋｇ／６６７ｍ２,比对照鄂早１１减产３．５１ %。全生育期１１１．６天 ,比鄂早１１长３．６天。高感白叶枯病和穗颈稻瘟病。２.嘉育２０２系浙江省嘉兴市农业科学研究院育成的早稻品种。２０００～２００１年参加湖北省早稻品种区试 ,两年试验平均单产４５４．０９ｋｇ／６６７ｍ２,比对照鄂早１１增产５．３３ %。全生育期１０６．８天 ,比鄂早１１长０．８天。中抗白叶枯病 ,高感穗颈稻瘟病。３.嘉育１…     

吉林省2001年审定通过的水稻新品种

１．吉粳７８号 由吉林吉农水稻高新科技发展有限责任公司育成的中晚熟水稻品种。全生育期１３８天,株高９５～１００ｃｍ,株型紧凑,分蘖力强,穗均粒数１００粒左右,千粒重２５．５ｇ。中抗苗瘟和叶瘟,感穗瘟。１９９８～２０００三年区试平均单产５９０．２ ｋｇ／６６７ｍ２,比对照农大 ３号增产 ４．９％;１９９９～２０００年两年生产试验平均单产 ５４４．４ ｋｇ／６６７ ｍ２,比对照增产２．０％。适宜无霜期１４０天左右的中晚熟稻区种植。 ２．组培２８ 由吉林吉农水稻高新科技发展有限责任公司育成。全生育期１３５天,…     

2001年天津市审定的水稻品种

津稻５号天津市水稻研究所育成。粳型。全生育期１７６天 ,株高１１０ｃｍ ,株型紧凑 ,叶片上举 ;茎秆粗壮 ,抗倒 ,属紧穗型品种。每穗总粒数１３３粒 ,结实率８５ % ,千粒重２５ｇ,分蘖中等 ,成穗率高。后期熟色好 ,产量潜力高 ,丰产性和稳产性好 ,适应性强。抗穗颈瘟 ,中抗枝梗瘟病。１９９８、１９９９年参加天津市区试 ,平均单产５８８．９３ｋｇ／６６７ｍ２,较对照津稻１１８７增产１２．３%。１９９９年参加天津市生产试验 ,平均单产５５３．３ｋｇ／６６７ｍ２ ,较对照津稻１１８７增产１１．６ %。2001年天津市审定的水稻品种@张存…     

安徽省2002年审定的水稻新品种

２００２年 ,安徽省农作物品种审定委员会审定通过了６个水稻新品种 ,现简要介绍如下 :１．皖稻６２原名晚粳９５１５,系安徽省巢湖市炯炀种子分公司选育的晚粳品种。１９９８～１９９９年两年参加区域试验 ,平均单产４３９．８ｋｇ／６６７ｍ２ ,比对照Ｄ９０５５和７０优０４分别增产４．６８%和４．２７ % ;２０００年参加生产试验 ,平均单产３９０ｋｇ／６６７ｍ２,比对照Ｄ９０５５增产７．５０%。全生育期１３１天 ,株高９０～９５ｃｍ ,茎秆粗壮 ,分蘖力较强 ,株型紧凑 ,叶色深绿 ,剑叶窄挺 ,抽穗齐 ,每穗总粒数９０粒左右 ,结实率８…     

福建省2001年审定通过的水稻新品种

１.优Ⅰ６６系中国水稻研究所选育的早籼杂交水稻 ,南平市农科所引进。１９９９～２０００两年省区试 ,平均单产分别为４２８．６ｋｇ／６６７ｍ２和４３１．４ｋｇ／６６７ｍ２,比对照闽科早２２增产１７．１８%和１６．０７ %。作早稻全生育期１２１天 ,比对照迟熟２天左右。中感稻瘟病 ,该组合适宜在福建省南平、三明、宁德、福州稻瘟病轻发区作早稻种植。栽培上应防止后期偏施氮肥。２.Ｔ优７８８９系福建农林大学、福建种子总站选育的早籼杂交水稻。１９９９～２０００两年省区试 ,平均单产分别为４３７．４ｋｇ／６６７ｍ２和４５８．…     

Allelopathy in Agroecosystems in Spain

Summary

This paper reviews the effects of allelopathic interactions in agroecosystems in Spain on plant physiological activity and their ecological advantages. The phenological stage of growth of donor plants and the effective allelochemicals in the soil solution while studying the role of phenolic compounds were highlighting. Finally possible future prospects and conclusions regarding weed control by allelochemi-cals under integrated crop management strategies are discussed.     

Factors in the Reduction in Grain Number in Winter Wheat by Early-Sowing in Yamaguchi

Abstract

Grain number per spike of wheat is lower in early sowing than in the conventional standard cultivation in Yamaguchi, Prefecture, Japan. Components of the grain number per spike in five cultivars were analyzed with respect to temperature during the spike development period throughout three growing seasons 2001/2002, 2002/2003 and 2003/2004 to find the cause of the problem of early sowing cultivation. The plants sown in early-October and late-November were called the early sown group and the standard group, respectively, in the following. Three of the five cultivars, Hokushin, Akitakko and Nanbukomugi, showed a strong winter habit, which requires very cold temperatures for spike differentiation. The other two cultivars, Iwainodaichi and Airakomugi, had a moderate winter habit. Grain number per spike and grain yield were decreased by early-sowing (compare with the standard group) in almost all cultivars throughout the three growing seasons. The three cultivars which had a strong winter habit had fewer spikelets per spike in the early-sown group than in the standard group. The other two cultivars which had a moderate winter habit had fewer grains per spikelet in the early-sown group. The higher the temperature during the spikelet formation phase, which is from flag leaf initiation to terminal spikelet initiation, the higher the number of spikelets per spike in the standard group. The spikelet number per spike in the early-sown group increased with the increase in productive tillers under fertile conditions. Such conditions also increased the grain number per spike.     

Diurnal changes in net photosynthetic rate in potato in two environments

Summary Diurnal changes in net photosynthetic rate were measured in a furrow-irrigated potato crop and in a riverbed crop where the water table was always maintained at 20–28 cm from the soil surface. In the irrigated crop, the photosynthetic rate during mid-afternoon was about half the peak rate observed at noon. This reduction was accompanied by a near tripling of stomatal resistance, a 45% reduction in transpiration, and a 5-fold increase in the difference between leaf and air temperatures. No such changes were observed in the riverbed crop where the photosynthetic rate remained nearly constant at about 0.9 mg m⁻² s⁻¹ between 9 a.m. and 4 p.m. Tuber yield in the riverbed crop was about 30% higher than in the irrigated crop.     

我国干热区甘蔗抗旱植蔗主要问题研讨

我国干热蔗区是我国甘蔗糖业的重要生产基地,蔗区光热资源丰富,唯降水分布不均成为植蔗生产的主要限制因子;根据蔗区植蔗特点和甘蔗需水规律,苗期抗旱是干热蔗区抗旱植蔗的关键,保证较多的总苗数和足够的生长量是苗期抗旱植蔗需解决的关键技术难题,制定相应的苗期抗旱植蔗栽培技术措施是解决该难题的重要保障;该观点为我国干热蔗区植蔗生产、甘蔗引育种提供理论和技术支持。     

棉花体细胞无性系变异的研究进展

体细胞无性系变异是一种重要的细胞工程育种技术,其应用于棉花育种的前提是建立高效的组织培养诱导再生植株体系.本文简要综述了棉花离体诱导植株再生研究的现状,重点讨论了棉花体细胞无性系变异的表现、利用方法及机理,提出了当前研究存在的问题并对今后的研究进行了展望.     

Advances in Variable Rate Technology Application in Potato in The Netherlands

Precision agriculture is a farming management concept based on observing, measuring and responding to inter- and intra-field variability in crops. In this paper, we focus on responding to intra-field variability in potato crops and analyse variable rate applications (VRAs). We made an overview of potential VRAs in potato crop management in The Netherlands. We identified 13 potential VRAs in potato, ranging from soil tillage to planting to crop care to selective harvest. We ranked them on availability of ‘proof of concept’ and on-farm test results. For five VRAs, we found test results allowing to make a cost-benefit assessment. These five VRAs were as follows: planting, soil herbicide weed control, N side dress, late blight control and haulm killing. They use one of two types of spatial data: soil maps or biomass index maps. Data on costs and savings of the VRAs showed that the investments in VRAs will pay off under practical conditions in The Netherlands. Savings on pesticide use and N-fertilizer use with the VRAs were on average about 25%, which benefits the environment too. We foresee a slow but gradual adoption of VRAs in potato production. More VRAs will become available given ongoing R&D. The perspectives of VRAs in potatoes are discussed.     

我国高粱育种研究进展

对我国高粱育种的主要途径和研究方向进行了概述,针对目前高粱产量徘徊现象,提出了高粱超高产育种设想,并对其技术路线进行了探讨。     

2009年中国稻米市场分析及2010年展望

以翔实的资料对2009年中国稻米生产、消费、进出口、供求平衡、库存、价格走势、购销政策和国际稻米供求等情况进行了全面地分析,对影响2010年稻米市场价格走势的各种因素进行了深入研究,并在此基础上对2010年我国稻米市场价格走势进行了预测,结论是我国稻米价格仍呈上行趋势。