河南省奶牛传染性鼻气管炎血清学调查

为了解河南省奶牛传染性鼻气管炎感染的流行情况,对河南省豫东、豫西、豫南、豫北和郑州市5个地区24个奶牛小区的538头奶牛随机采血,进行酶联免疫吸附试验,检测奶牛传染性鼻气管炎病毒血清抗体,结果显示24个奶牛小区均有抗体阳性牛,场阳性率为100%,其中传染性鼻气管炎病毒(IBRV)抗体阳性率最高的牛场阳性率为84%,阳性率最低的牛场阳性率为26.67%。538头奶牛有319头为IBRV抗体阳性,阳性率为59.29%,表明该病在河南普遍存在。     

奶牛传染性鼻气管炎血清学调查

本次实验目的是了解方城县奶牛传染性鼻气管炎的流行情况及特点,为有效实施相关的免疫和预防工作提供依据,应用牛传染性鼻气管炎抗体检测试剂盒对4个奶牛场248份血清样品进行检测.结果显示,4个奶牛场均有抗体阳性奶牛,阳性率为100%,其中阳性率最高的奶牛场为88.70%,最低的奶牛场为41.10%,共有153份血清检测为阳性,平均阳性率为61.69%.此次调查结果表明方城县牛传染性鼻气管炎流行情况较为严重,当地畜牧部门和养殖户必须加强对该病进行有效的防控.     

上海崇明地区奶牛传染性鼻气管炎血清学调查

为了解上海崇明地区奶牛传染性鼻气管炎的流行情况,2017年4-5月随机对崇明地区6个规模化奶牛场采集血样150份,采用酶联免疫吸附试验(ELISA)方法检测奶牛传染性鼻气管炎血清抗体。结果6个被检牛场中有5个奶牛场检出血清阳性牛,阳性率从40%～89.3%不等,场感染阳性率为83.3%,样品血清平均阳性率为61.3%。     

中国西部高原地区牦牛传染性鼻气管炎血清学检测报告

应用酶联免疫吸附试验(Enzyme linked immunosorbent assay,ELISA)对在2011年间采自西藏(988份)、青海(475份)和四川(377份)共1840份牦牛血清样品进行牛传染性鼻气管炎病毒抗体检测。结果检出阳性血清样品西藏381份,阳性率38.6%;青海212份,阳性率为44.6%;四川105份,阳性率为27.9%。结果表明,中国西部高原西藏、青海以及四川牦牛群中均存在牛传染性鼻气管炎病毒的感染。本研究调查了牛传染性鼻气管炎在中国西部高原牦牛群中的流行情况,为制定该病的防治措施提供理论依据。     

宁夏地区奶牛病毒性腹泻及牛传染性鼻气管炎的流行病学调查

为了解宁夏地区奶牛的病毒性腹泻和传染性鼻气管炎的流行情况,本研究对宁夏不同地区的奶牛采取了135份耳组织和376份血清,分别对牛病毒性腹泻病毒抗原及牛传染性鼻气管炎病毒抗体进行了检测。结果显示,牛病毒性腹泻病毒抗原阳性率最高为0.5%,平均阳性率为0.01%;牛传染性鼻气管炎病毒抗体阳性率最高为100%,平均阳性率为85.1%。证实了宁夏地区已经存在着较为严重的牛病毒性腹泻病毒及牛传染性鼻气管炎病毒的感染。牛病毒性腹泻以及牛传染性鼻气管炎的流行病学调查为我区制定出科学有效的综合防控措施及促进地区奶业健康可持续发展提供依据。     

宁夏地区奶牛场牛传染性鼻气管炎的血清学调查

为了了解牛传染性鼻气管炎(IBR)在宁夏地区成年奶牛群中的流行情况,课题组针对宁夏地区18个规模化奶牛场的成年牛群进行随机采血,共采集470份,通过酶联免疫吸附试验进行牛传染性鼻气管炎的血清学调查。结果显示:存在338头牛传染性鼻气管炎病毒(IBRV)抗体阳性牛,场群阳性率为100%,不同场群之间阳性率存在差异,从13.3%~100%不等,平均阳性率达到71.9%,表明牛传染性鼻气管炎已在宁夏地区广泛流行。此调查结果为宁夏地区奶牛传染性鼻气管炎的流行病学研究提供重要信息,为防控牛传染性鼻气管炎提供科学依据。     

安阳市奶牛传染性鼻气管炎血清学调查

本次实验目的是了解安阳市部分地区奶牛传染性鼻气管炎的流行情况及特点,为有效实施相关的免疫和预防工作提供依据,应用牛传染性鼻气管炎抗体检测试剂盒对4个奶牛场248份血清样品进行检测。结果显示,4个奶牛场均有抗体阳性奶牛,阳性率为100%,其中阳性率最高的奶牛场为88.70%,最低的奶牛场为41.10%,共有153份血清检测为阳性,平均阳性率为61.69%。此次调查结果表明安阳地区牛传染性鼻气管炎流行情况较为严重,当地畜牧部门和养殖户必须加强对该病进行有效的防控。     

蚌埠市某奶牛场IBRV和BVDV的血清学调查

本试验对蚌埠市一家未进行牛传染性鼻气管炎及病毒性腹泻免疫的规模化奶牛场的94份奶牛血清样品,分别使用牛传染性鼻气管炎及病毒性腹泻抗体ELISA试剂盒进行检测,共检出牛传染性鼻气管炎阳性血清65份,阳性检出率为69．15％;病毒性腹泻阳性血清83份,阳性检出率为88．30％。结果表明,该规模化奶牛场存在牛传染性鼻气管炎及病毒性腹泻的感染和接触史,应采取净化措施进行控制。     

四川部分地区牦牛传染性鼻气管炎血清学检测报告

[目的]为了解四川省牦牛传染性鼻气管炎感染的流行情况。[方法]应用酶联免疫吸附试验对在2012年间采自对四川省甘孜藏族自治州和红原县共377份牦牛血清进行牛传染性鼻气管炎病毒抗体检测。[结果]检出阳性血清样品共105份,阳性率为27.9%。[结论]表明四川省牦牛群中均存在牛传染性鼻气管炎病毒的感染。该研究为该地区牦牛传染性鼻气管防治提供依据。     

内蒙古地区部分奶牛场牛传染性鼻气管炎的血清学调查

为了解内蒙古地区牛传染性鼻气管炎在奶牛场的流行情况,对内蒙古地区的16个大、中、小型奶牛养殖场的2 321头奶牛,应用ELISA方法进行牛传染性鼻气管炎的血清流行病学调查。结果显示,5个大型奶牛场牛传染性鼻气管炎的阳性率在68.5%~100%之间,5个中型奶牛场的阳性率在34.0%~84.2%之间,6个小型奶牛场的阳性率在32.6%~89.3%之间,平均阳性率为75.7%。     

牦牛病毒性腹泻/黏膜病和传染性鼻气管炎血清学调查

为掌握青海省大通种牛场和海晏县牦牛病毒性腹泻/黏膜病、传染性鼻气管炎的感染和流行情况,2010年3月至5月在大通种牛场和海晏地区采集252份牦牛血清样品,应用定量酶联免疫吸附试验（ELISA）对牦牛病毒性腹泻/黏膜病和传染性鼻气管炎的进行了血清抗体检测。结果显示,大通种牛场牦牛群中牛病毒性腹泻/黏膜病阳性率为23.42%,传染性鼻气管炎阳性率为65.45%;海晏县牦牛群中牛病毒性腹泻/黏膜病阳性率为19.86%,传染性鼻气管炎阳性率为4.96%。     

青海省牛传染性鼻气管炎及病毒性腹泻黏膜病血清学调查

从青海省互助、玛多、海晏、玉树、贵德、德令哈、共和等14个地区采集牛血清样品420份,应用酶联免疫吸附试验（ELISA）调查了青海省牛传染性鼻气管炎和病毒性腹泻黏膜病的感染情况。结果在被检牛血清420份样品中,共检出阳性血清样品228份,平均阳性率为50.67%（228/420）;在被检牦牛血清180份样品中,共检出阳性血清样品1份,平均阳性率0.56%（1/180）。     

新疆某规模化奶牛场牛传染性鼻气管炎病毒抗体水平检测

为了调查新疆地区某规模化奶牛场牛传染性鼻气管炎（IBR）发病情况,通过采集不同生长阶段牛群血清共计362 份,使用牛传染性鼻气管炎病毒gB（IBR-gB）抗体检测试剂盒检测牛传染性鼻气管炎病毒（IBRV）抗体效价,评估该奶牛场IBRV疫苗免疫效果。结果显示,后备牛中犊牛和青年牛IBRV抗体阳性率分别为88.57%（31/35）、75.00%（21/28）;成年母牛中泌乳期母牛、干奶期母牛IBRV抗体阳性率分别为81.46%（145/178）、95.04%（115/121）。阴性数共44 份,可疑数8 份,IBRV抗体平均阳性率为88.38%;结果表明,疫苗接种后,不同生产阶段牛群均可产生不错的抗体保护效果,为奶牛场防控IBR提供依据。     

宁夏吴忠地区规模化奶牛场流产牛病原血清学调查

为了调查宁夏吴忠地区奶牛场因传染性因素造成流产的基本情况,应用酶联免疫吸附试验(ELISA)对可能造成感染流产的牛传染性鼻气管炎病毒、新孢子虫、牛病毒性腹泻病毒的抗体及布鲁菌的抗原进行了血清学检测。结果显示,牛传染性鼻气管炎病毒抗体阳性率为48.84%,新孢子虫抗体阳性率为30.23%,牛病毒性腹泻病毒抗体阳性率为19.77%,布鲁菌抗原阳性率为24.42%。牛场阳性率高达100%。根据统计显示,不同妊娠胎次的奶牛流产率差异显著(P0.05),其中第1胎流产率与其他胎次间差异极显著(P0.01)。不同妊娠时间的奶牛流产率差异不显著(P0.05)。调查表明,宁夏部分奶牛场存在不同程度的牛传染性鼻气管炎病毒、新孢子虫、牛病毒性腹泻病毒和布鲁菌感染。     

Survey of nine abortifacient infectious agents in aborted bovine fetuses from dairy farms in Beijing, China, by PCR

Abortion in dairy cattle causes considerable economic losses to the dairy industry. Aborted fetuses and samples from the corresponding aborting dams from 12 dairy herds in Beijing were tested for 9 abortifacient infectious pathogens by PCR between 2008 and 2010. From a total of 80 abortion cases collected during this period, infectious agents were detected in 45 (56.3%) cases, 22 (48.9%) of which represented co-infections with two or three infectious agents. The detected pathogens included infectious bovine rhinotracheitis virus (36.3%) and Neospora caninum (31.3%), followed by bovine viral diarrhoea virus (7.5%), Brucella abortus (6.3%), Tritrichomonas foetus (5%) and Toxoplasma gondii (1.3%). Campylobacter fetus, Coxiella burnetii and Chlamydophila psittaci were not detected in any abortion case. Findings from this study indicated that infectious bovine rhinotracheitis virus and Neospora caninum were the main potential causes of abortions in Beijing dairy herds, whereas the bacterial pathogens were not, in contrast to reports from other countries. This is the first study to test nine abortifacient infectious agents by PCR at the same time, and it is also the first time to report the involvement of a variety of infectious agents in bovine abortion cases in China.     

Serological survey of bovine herpesvirus type 1 infection in China

To understand the nationwide seroprevalence of bovine herpesvirus type 1 (BoHV-1) infection of cows in China, 1344 sera of dairy cows from 29 provinces and 765 sera from 6 herds in Hubei province were collected with stratified random sampling. Another 483 sera from imported cows were included. The serum antibody was tested by BoHV-1 gG ELISA. The results demonstrated that the overall nationwide seroprevalence was 35.8% (481/1344), while the prevalence for individual province ranged from 12.1% to 77.8%. Although each province had positive samples, the prevalence was clustered in areas based on the cow population size. In Hubei Province, the overall seroprevalence was 22.2% (170/765) while the prevalence for individual farms varied greatly from 0.0% to 41.5%. The sera from imported cows had a moderate prevalence of 21.7% (105/483).     

牛传染性鼻气管炎病毒的分离鉴定与灭活疫苗免疫效果研究

由2例疑似牛传染性鼻气管炎（IBR）病例的荷斯坦奶牛分离到一株病毒,命名为IBRV—C1株。该病毒可被IBR标准阳性血清完全中和;接种MDBK细胞可出现IBR病毒典型细胞病变效应;选取IBR病毒gB蛋白基因序列设计引物进行PCR检测和基因测序,结果可扩增出特异性目的片段;动物回归试验显示,3头牛均可见体温升高、鼻流粘液、呼吸困难等典型的IBR临床症状。在此基础上制备了三批牛传染性鼻气管炎灭活疫苗,并进行了疫苗安全性和效力试验,结果表明三批疫苗对靶动物安全,免疫效果较好,免疫牛中和抗体效价几何平均值可达1：41以上,攻毒保护率达5／5。     

A farming systems study of abortion in dairy cattle on the Atherton Tableland: 2. The pattern of infectious diseases

The role of infectious agents on dairy farms on the Atherton Tableland in tropical north Queensland was studied as part of a comprehensive investigation into the causes of bovine abortion. The prevalence of antibody in serums collected from 7 herds whose annual abortion rates ranged from 3% to 21% were as follows: Leptospira hardjo 49.9% (426/853), L. pomona 0.4% (3/851), bovine virus diarrhoea (BVD) 33.7% (35/104). Infectious bovine rhinotracheitis virus (IBR) 11.5% (12/105), Akabane virus 92.2% (95/103), Aino virus 62.1% (64/103), Chlamydia psittaci 3.1% (37/1004), Brucella abortus 0% (0/851), and Toxoplasma gondii 0% (0/105). Testing of serums against a wide range of leptospiral serotypes indicated that reactions occurring in the Hebdomadis and Sejroe serogroups were probably cross reactions with L. hardjo. Infection with L. hardjo and Akabane virus occurred prior to first mating and contact with Aino virus occurred during first pregnancy. Infection with BVD and IBR viruses was sporadic. The pathology and microbiology of 32 aborted foetuses from 24 Tableland herds (10 from the group of 19 farms under more intense study) were performed. Lesions associated with a Sarcocystis-like agent were present in 6, leptospires in 1, suspected toxic hepatosis in 2 and purulent bronchopneumonia (Staphylococcus aureus) in 1 foetus. No diagnoses were made in the remaining 22 foetuses (69%). Evidence for a common infectious cause of abortion in the population was inconclusive.