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有机微量元素对初产母猪生产性能及血液指标的影响 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
为研究有机微量元素对初产母猪生产性能及血清指标的影响,挑选体重相近、健康的初产怀孕80d的母猪40头,随机分为对照和试验组,每组5个重复,每个重复4头猪。对照组母猪在基础日粮中添加无机微量元素添加剂,试验组母猪从妊娠85d开始,在对照组日粮基础上再补充添加0.15%的有机微量元素添加剂,至泌乳期结束。结果表明:(1)母猪饲料中补充有机微量元素后,可显著提高活仔率、健仔数与健仔率(P0.05);有提高活仔数和断奶重的趋势(P0.05);对产程、总产仔数、初生重无影响。(2)补充有机微量元素显著提高了母猪血清中铁含量(P0.05),也显著提高了母猪和仔猪血清中IgA含量(P0.05)。这表明母猪日粮中添加有机微量元素有利于改善母猪繁殖性能。 相似文献
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有机微量元素对母猪生产性能的影响研究 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
母猪在生产年限内保持较高的生产水平是农场获利的保障 ,因此满足其各种营养素的需要至关重要。微量元素的添加量虽小 ,但对母猪整个生殖过程都有极重要的影响 ,因此生物学效价高的有机微量元素应用于母猪的研究受到重视。本文对近年来有机微量元素对繁殖母猪生产性能影响的研究作一综述。1 现代繁殖母猪的饲养需加强微量元素营养母猪在妊娠期限饲 ,微量元素在体内储备较低 ,加之现代育种要求母猪高产 ,使母猪在泌乳期很难采食足够的营养素来满足生产的需要。母猪经过几个胎次的生产 ,体内微量元素含量总体有降低趋势 ,加强母猪微量元素营… 相似文献
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有机微量元素在断奶仔猪日粮中的应用 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
当前人们通常在猪的日粮中,加入无机形式的微量矿物元素(如氧化物、硫酸盐和氯化物),以满足猪对微量元素的需要,但无机微量元素的生物利用率低,常会对环境造成污染。随着公众日益关注集约化养猪对环境的影响问题,猪营养学家和饲料配制人员必须重新评价微量矿物元素的添加方案。最近有机微量元素受到了人们的重视,越来越多的预混剂和饲料生产厂商在使用有机微量元素来取代全部或部分无机微量元素。据认为,有机微量元素不但有较高的生物学利用率和生物学活性,而且可以提高生长速度、改善免疫功能、改善代谢状况和胭体品质,并且还可… 相似文献
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微量元素对母猪繁殖性能具有重要的影响,在一般情况下,母猪日粮都添加无机状态的微量元素,许多研究显示,无机微量元素因其生物学效价低,拮抗影响饲料中其他成分,在一定程度上无法满足母猪的需要,同时无机微量元素也易造成环境污染。而有机微量元素具有独特的理化性质和较高的生物学效价。为了比较有机微量元素和无机微量元素的差异,笔者选用螯型氨基酸微量元素作为有机微量元素进行以下试验。 相似文献
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微量矿物元素蛋白螯合盐在猪营养中的作用 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
影响猪对矿物元素需要量的因素很多 ,如生产水平、生产类型、年龄、品种、矿物元素与其他营养物质的相互关系等。矿物元素的需要量极大地依赖于动物的生产水平。如 Mahan等 ( 1 995)发现 ,与相同年龄但空怀的母猪相比 ,经过 3次生产的母猪其体内的矿物元素含量发生了明显的变化(表 1 )。尽管根据 NRC饲养标准饲养 ,但母猪繁殖性能越高 ,体内矿物元素的含量越低。表 1 经产 3次的母猪在不同生产水平下与同龄空怀母猪体内矿物元素含量的比较矿物元素空怀母猪 窝重 ( kg)<5 5 >5 5Ca 15 691480 12 62P 93 5 816770Mn 5 1464 4F e 82 7476Z… 相似文献
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《水禽世界》2021,(6)
试验旨在研究无机和有机微量元素混合添加对蛋鸡生产性能、蛋品质和鸡蛋矿物元素含量的影响。取43周龄海兰褐蛋鸡960只,随机分为5组,每组6个重复,每个重复32只。组1为无机微量元素添加组,组2和组3为有机和无机微量元素混合添加组,组4和组5为有机微量元素添加组。试验期8周。结果表明:1)饲粮添加不同类型和不同水平的微量元素对产蛋率和蛋重产生了显著影响(P0.05),组3蛋鸡的产蛋率最高;各组蛋鸡的死淘率无显著差异(P0.05);2)饲粮添加不同类型和水平的微量元素对蛋白高度、蛋黄颜色和哈氏单位产生了显著影响(P0.05),组1鸡蛋的蛋白高度和哈氏单位均最大,但蛋黄颜色最浅;组3鸡蛋的蛋黄颜色显著大于组1(P0.05);3)饲粮添加不同类型和水平的微量元素对蛋白和蛋黄中的钙、铁、锰和锌含量产生了显著影响(P0.05)。综上,有机和无机微量元素混合添加可达到理想效果,且对蛋品质量无不良影响,但总添加量明显小于纯无机微量元素添加量。 相似文献
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魏静 《四川畜牧兽医学院学报》2009,(4):28-32
在现代法律秩序中,商会自治规范是制定法的基础和必要的补充,甚至在某些方面替代了制定法;商会自治规范主要包括商会组织规范、行为规范、惩罚规范以及争端解决规范等;其效力仅及于其内部成员;商会自治规范和制定法之间存在冲突,但也存在整合的基础。 相似文献
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本文概述了猪的毛色类型、猪的毛色遗传模式,着重综述了猪毛色基因分子基础的研究进展,指出存在问题并就未来发展方向做了思考。 相似文献
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以国际标准强毒R株人工感染非免疫产蛋鸡,定时扑杀,分别从鼻窦、眶下孔、气管、肺、气囊、卵巢和输卵管分离MG,并收集感染鸡所产蛋分离MG。结果表明,人工感染48小时后上、下呼吸道及肺已被全面感染,96小时气囊已被感染,120小时输卵管已能分离到MG,卵巢始终分离不到MG。人工感染鸡自144小时便能在其所产蛋中分离出MG。药物治疗能在72小时内消除感染,油乳剂苗则需24天后逐渐降低蛋内MG分离率,药物卵内注射、种蛋药浴、高温处理均能杀死卵内MG,但以研制的种蛋浸泡剂药浴效果为最好。 相似文献
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REASONS FOR PERFORMING STUDY: Centesis of the bicipital bursa using an 8.9 cm long spinal needle has been reported but the alternative of employing a 3.8 cm long hypodermic needle requires validation. OBJECTIVE: To compare the efficacy of 2 different methods of centesis of the bicipital bursa and to evaluate the usefulness of ultrasonographic imaging to determine the location of solution administered when centesis of the bursa is attempted. METHODS: For Trial 1, 6 clinicians, who had no previous experience of centesis of the bicipital bursa, attempted to inject a solution composed of an aqueous radiopaque contrast medium and physiological saline solution (PSS) into the bicipital bursae of 2/12 horses using the previously described distal approach to inject one bursa and a proximal approach to inject the contralateral bursa. The bicipital tendon and bursa were examined ultrasonographically before and after injection; and both shoulders were examined radiographically to identify the location of the medium. In Trial 2, another 6 clinicians, also with no previous experience of centesis, repeated Trial 1, using 6 horses, but the radiopaque contrast medium was mixed with air instead of PSS. RESULTS: Accuracy of centesis using the proximal approach was 39% and that of the distal approach 28%. Ultrasonographic examination of the shoulder allowed the location of solution and air to be accurately predicted in all 12 shoulders examined. CONCLUSIONS: Clinicians who have had no previous experience performing centesis of the bicipital bursa are unlikely to be successful in centesis using either approach. Radiographic examination after injecting a radiopaque contrast medium may be necessary to assess the success of centesis especially if bursal fluid is not obtained during centesis. Injecting air along with the radiopaque contrast medium provides more accurate ultrasonographic confirmation of centesis and better radiographic definition than does injection without air. 相似文献
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Effects of size of ingestively masticated fragments of plant tissues on kinetics of digestion of NDF
Ingestively masticated fragments were collected and sized via sieving. Different sizes of esophageal masticate and ruminal digesta fragments, and ground fragments of larger masticated pieces were incubated in vitro, and undigested NDF remaining at intervals of up to 168 h of incubation was determined. The ruminal age-dependent time delay (tau) for onset of digestion of NDF was positively correlated (P < 0.004) with the mean sieve aperture estimated to retain 50% of the fragments between successive sieve apertures (MRA). Degradation rate of potentially degradable NDF (PDF) and level of indigestible NDF were not related (P > 0.10) to MRA of masticated and ground fragments. Estimates of tau were positively related to MRA, with slopes of bermudagrass < corn silage < ruminal fragments of corn silage. It was concluded that fragment size-, and consequently, ruminal age-dependent onset of PDF degradation of a mixture of different fragment sizes results in an age-dependent rate of degradation of the more rapidly degrading of two subentities of PDF. Models are proposed that assume a tau before onset of simultaneous degradation of PDF from two pools characterized as having gamma-modeled age-dependency and age-constant rates. The ruminal age-dependent pool seems to be associated with the faster-degrading pool, and its rate parameter increases with range in MRA in the population of fragments. Conceptually, the ruminal age-dependent rate parameter for PDF degradation seems to represent a composite of several effects: 1) effects of the size-dependent tau; 2) range in MRA of the population of ingestively masticated fragments; and 3) subentities of PDF that degrade via more rapid age-dependent rates compared with subentities of PDF that degrade via age-constant rates. The estimated fractional rates of ruminative comminution of ingestively masticated fragments (0.060 to 0.075/h) were of a magnitude similar to the mean fractional rates of PDF digestion (0.030 to 0.085/h), which implies that ruminative comminution may be first-limiting to fractional rate of PDF digestion. The in vivo roles of ingestive and ruminative mastication of fragments on PDF degradation must be considered in any kinetic system for estimating PDF digestion in the rumen. These results and others in the literature suggest that the rate of surface area exposure rather than intrinsic chemical attributes of PDF may be first-limiting to degradation rate of PDF in vivo. 相似文献