柱状黄杆菌双抗体夹心ELISA检测方法的建立

The aim of this study was to develop a rapid method for the detection of Flavobacterium columnaris based on a double antibody sandwich ELISA （DAS-ELISA）. Purified monoclonal antibody against Flavobacterium columnaris was used as the capture antibody, while polyclonal antibody was used as the detection antibody. The optimal conditions for the ELISA were as follows: monoclonal antibody with 0.08 μg per well was added to coat overnight at 4 ℃; the plate was blocked by 30 g/L bovin serum albumin for 90 min at 37 ℃; incubation concentration of polyclonal antibody was 0.11 μg per well; the incubation time for detection antigen, polyclonal antibody and enzyme labeled antibody was 1 h at 37 ℃ for each; the value of D_{492 nm} was obtained after 15 min coloration. Judging with P/N≥2.1 and D_{492 nm}≥0.776 as positive criteria. This method had no cross reaction with Edwardsiella tarda, E. coli, Aeromonas hydrophila, Vibrio anguillarum, Vibrio alginolyticus, Vibrio parahaemolyticus and Vibrio harveyi. Its minimum detectable limit was 1×10³ CFU. Therefore, this study provided a specific and sensitive detection method for Flavobacterium columnaris for the first time.     

Preparation and Identification of Monoclonal Antibody Against Swainsonine

In this test,BALB/c mice were immunized by SW-OVA for the preparation of monoclonal antibody against swainsonine (SW). Hybridoma cells that could secrete specific antibody against SW were prepared by hybridoma technique,and then the strain that secreted monoclonal antibody against SW designated 1F10 was prepared,and the chromosome average number of 1F10 cell was 45 to 50 couples. The ELISA titers of cell supernatant were 1:25 600, and that of ascites were 1:80 000.The subclasses of monoclonal antibody was IgG1,and the affinity constant was 1.14×10¹⁰,the purity of ascites antibodies was up to 98%,and the recovery rate was 80%.The result of sodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide gel electropheresis proved that purified antibody had been obtained that the molecular weight of H-chain and L-chain of antibody was about 50 and 25 ku. The monoclonal antibody against SW specifically bound to SW determined by Western blotting. The linear range was 4 to 128 μg/mL (R²=0.9969) and no cross-reactivity was detected with BSA,gelatin,polylysine,me-Gal,etc. The result laid the foundation for immunodetection on SW and immunological prevention of animal toxic disease.     

苦马豆素单克隆抗体的制备与鉴定

本试验采用苦马豆素（swainsonine,SW）人工抗原SW-OVA免疫接种BALB/c小鼠,通过杂交瘤技术建立了1株能稳定分泌SW单克隆抗体的杂交瘤细胞1F10,杂交瘤细胞染色体数目为45~50对。经间接ELISA检测,该株细胞培养上清中抗体效价为1：25 600,诱生腹水效价为1：80 000。单克隆抗体的亚型为IgG1,亲和力解离常数为1.14×10¹⁰,腹水抗体纯化后纯度可达98%,回收率80%,SDS-PAGE凝胶电泳可见单克隆抗体的轻链、重链分子质量分别为25和50 ku,Western blotting检测抗体能特异性的识别SW。其线性检测范围为4~128 μg/mL（R²=0.9969）,与BSA、明胶、多聚赖氨酸、α-甘露糖苷等无交叉反应。本试验制备的SW单克隆抗体为免疫学检测SW和免疫学防制家畜疯草中毒奠定基础。     

1种检测弓形虫急性感染的夹心ELISA方法

弓形虫（Toxoplasma gondii）是一种人畜共患机会性致病原虫，其急性感染可导致宿主产生明显的临床症状和严重的病理损伤。弓形虫致密颗粒蛋白1（dense granuleprotein 1，GRA1）是一种良好的诊断抗原，也是弓形虫急性感染的标志物循环抗原（circulating antigen，CAg）的重要组分。本研究利用TgGRA1单克隆抗体建立双抗体夹心ELISA方法，为急性弓形虫感染的检测提供依据。将免疫GRA1-His的小鼠脾细胞与SP2/0进行融合，筛选出能稳定分泌抗体的杂交瘤细胞。选择其中一种单抗与HRP标记后的鼠源GRA1多抗配对，建立1种双抗体夹心ELISA方法，检测人工感染弓形虫的猪和小鼠血清样品，并将检测效果与巢式PCR（nest PCR，nPCR）和商品化试剂盒进行比较。结果筛选到4株杂交瘤细胞，腹水效价为10⁶~10⁷，亚型均为IgG1；IFA和Western blot结果显示，4株单抗均具有良好的反应性和特异性。选择1G2单抗和HRP标记多抗配对，建立了循环抗原双抗体夹心ELISA方法，最低能够检测到血清中1.563 ng·mL^-1 GRA1抗原，或者100 ng·mL^-1 ESA。该方法与nPCR相比具有较高的一致性，较市售商品化试剂盒更为准确可靠。本研究第1次将GRA1抗原作为急性弓形虫感染的诊断指标，建立相应的检测方法，成功地在人工感染样品中检测到弓形虫急性感染，可为弓形虫急性感染的诊断提供参考，对临床上急性弓形虫病的治疗有指导意义。     

Establishment of Double-antibody Sandwich ELISA to Diagnose Acute Toxoplasmosis

The zoonotic protozoa Toxoplasma gondii is an opportunistic pathogen and distributes worldwide. Acute Toxoplasma infection causes serious pathological damages. Dense granule protein 1(GRA1) secreted by dense granule is an important component of Circulating antigen, which is an indication of acute toxoplasmosis. We aimed to use a monoclonal antibody against TgGRA1 to establish an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay that targets antigen GRA1 in serum for acute toxoplasmosis diagnosis. First, the spleens of TgGRA1-His immunized mice were fused with SP2/0 cells,then we screened hybridomas that can constantly secret monoclonal antibody to the supernatant and injected them into mice to produce a large amount of mAbs. After the identification and purification of ascites, we choose one mAb as a capture antibody, HRP conjugated mouse anti-TgGRA1 polyclonal antibody as a detection antibody to develop sandwich ELISA. This method was used to detect samples from swine and mice artificially infected with Toxoplasma gondii. Besides, the results were compared with that of nPCR and two commercial kits to evaluate the efficiency of sandwich ELISA. We successfully got 4 mAbs with ascitic titers of 10⁶-10⁷, their subtypes are IgG1. Indirect fluorescent assay and Western blot showed that all of them can react specifically with TgGRA1.1G2 mAb and HRP conjugated mouse anti-TgGRA1 polyclonal antibody were used subsequently to establish sandwich ELISA for diagnosing acute infection. After optimization, sandwich ELISA can specifically detect 1.563 ng·mL^-1 GRA1 or 100 ng·mL^-1 ESA in serum. When detecting experimental animal samples, the sandwich ELISA exhibited the high consistency with the results of nPCR and showed higher efficiency than the commercial kits. In summary, we established a sandwich ELISA for acute toxoplasmosis diagnosis that captures one certain toxoplasma antigen GRA1, samples of artificially infected animals can be detected by this method, which makes acute toxoplasmosis diagnosis more reliable. It has guiding significance for clinical treatment of acute toxoplasmosis.     

猪轮状病毒VP4基因重组腺病毒的构建及抗体水平评价

【目的】构建猪轮状病毒（Porcine rotavirus,PoRV）流行株PoRV G9P[23]型的VP4基因重组腺病毒,为开发PoRV候选基因工程疫苗奠定基础。【方法】参考GenBank中流行株PoRV G9P[23]型的VP4基因序列（登录号：MH898990.1）合成PoRV VP4基因,将得到的目的基因与腺病毒穿梭载体pAdTrack-CMV进行重组,转化大肠杆菌Top10感受态细胞,构建腺病毒穿梭载体pAdTrack-CMV-VP4;腺病毒穿梭载体经过Pme Ⅰ内切酶线性化处理后与含有腺病毒骨架pAdEasy-1的大肠杆菌BJ5183感受态细胞进行同源重组获得重组质粒pAd-VP4,对重组质粒进行Pac Ⅰ酶切鉴定,并转化大肠杆菌DH5α感受态细胞。将重组质粒转染HEK293A细胞获得重组腺病毒rAd-VP4,对该重组腺病毒进行扩大培养并测定重组腺病毒的半数组织培养感染剂量（TCID₅₀）;通过RT-PCR检测其体外表达情况,Western blotting检测其反应原性;将制备的重组腺病毒用不同病毒滴度和不同免疫次数对小鼠进行腹腔免疫,收集血清通过ELISA法测定IgG抗体水平。【结果】RT-PCR扩增出1条大小为2 343 bp的rAd-VP4重组腺病毒条带,测序结果正确,表明重组腺病毒rAd-VP4构建成功,测得rAd-VP4病毒滴度为10^6.5 TCID₅₀,Western blotting结果表明,重组腺病毒rAd-VP4在蛋白水平上得到了正确表达,蛋白的分子质量约为87 ku。小鼠IgG抗体检测结果表明,在用10^6.5 TCID₅₀ rAd-VP4免疫后的第35和42天,小鼠血清中的IgG抗体水平显著高于10^5.3 TCID₅₀ TGE-PED-PRV三联活疫苗IgG抗体水平（P<0.05）;10^6.5 TCID₅₀ rAd-VP4在免疫后第35和42天产生的抗体水平显著高于10^5.5和10^4.5 TCID₅₀ rAd-VP4（P<0.05）,而10^5.5 TCID₅₀ rAd-VP4在免疫后第28天产生的抗体水平显著高于10^6.5和10^4.5 TCID₅₀ rAd-VP4（P<0.05）。10^6.5 TCID₅₀ rAd-VP4的2次免疫和3次免疫产生的IgG抗体在不同免疫时间均差异不显著（P>0.05）。【结论】本研究成功构建了重组腺病毒rAd-VP4,其病毒滴度为10^6.5 TCID₅₀。10^6.5和10^5.5 TCID₅₀ rAd-VP4分别在第42和28天产生较高的IgG抗体水平,2次免疫和3次免疫对产生IgG抗体水平均无显著影响。试验结果可为开发PoRV重组腺病毒候选疫苗提供参考。     

牛分枝杆菌MPB70蛋白单克隆抗体的制备及检测

为了制备牛分枝杆菌的单克隆抗体,本试验利用制备的原核表达的牛分枝杆菌重要抗原蛋白MPB70作为免疫原皮下多点注射免疫BALB/c小鼠。利用细胞融合技术,经过5次亚克隆与筛选,取已免疫好的小鼠脾细胞与SP2/0骨髓瘤细胞在PEG3500的作用下进行细胞融合。筛选得到了2株分泌抗牛分枝杆菌MPB70蛋白的杂交瘤细胞,分别命名为Anti-B-MPB70：8和Anti-B-MPB70：12。采用间接ELISA方法对获得的单克隆抗体进行亲和常数检测、效价分析及亚类鉴定,通过SDS-PAGE凝胶试验对单克隆抗体进行纯度分析,并检测其浓度,通过Western blotting方法对单克隆抗体的反应特性进行鉴定。结果显示,纯化后的MPB70蛋白分子质量大小为20 ku,浓度为0.5 mg/mL。两株单克隆抗体的亲和常数分别为9.95×10⁹和9.53×10⁸;抗体效价分别为1∶102 400和1∶12 800;抗体亚类分别为IgG_2b和IgG₁,轻链类型均为κ型;纯度>90%;浓度分别为3.0和2.2 mg/mL;且具有良好的反应特性。以上研究结果表明,本试验成功制备了抗MPB70蛋白单克隆抗体,可为牛结核病病原和抗体检测技术研究奠定基础。     

犬轮状病毒单克隆抗体制备及胶体金试纸条检测方法的建立

【目的】 研发犬轮状病毒（Canine ratavirus,CRV）免疫学诊断试剂,制备并鉴定CRV特异性单克隆抗体,建立可用于检测CRV的胶体金免疫层析法。【方法】 以CRV临床分离株SL006株为免疫原免疫BALB/c雌性小鼠,用杂交瘤细胞法进行细胞融合,通过间接免疫荧光法（IFA）筛选可稳定分泌CRV单克隆抗体的杂交瘤细胞,并制备腹水,亲和层析法进行纯化获得单克隆抗体。对获得的单克隆抗体进行鉴定,经条件优化建立胶体金试纸条检测方法,对试纸条的灵敏度、特异性、重复性和应用情况进行评价。【结果】 获得了4株杂交瘤细胞,分别命名为2C12、4A5、1H3、5F3,IFA效价分别为1：6 400、1：12 800、1：1 600和1：3 200;重链亚类分别为IgG2b、IgG2a、IgG1和IgG2a,轻链亚类均为kappa;制备的胶体金试纸条检测线包被单克隆抗体4A5,对照线包被羊抗鼠IgG,金标垫包被胶体金标记的单克隆抗体2C12,对CRV病毒液的检测灵敏度为10^4.2 TCID₅₀/mL,检测犬源其他病毒犬细小病毒（Canine parvovirus,CPV）、犬副流感病毒（Canine parainfluenza virus,CPIV）、犬腺病毒Ⅰ型（Canine adenovirus-Ⅰ,CAV-Ⅰ）、CAV-Ⅱ、犬瘟热病毒（Canine distemper virus,CDV）病毒液及CRV阴性肛拭子和阴性粪便均为阴性;批内和批间重复性良好;利用制备的胶体金试纸条和RT-PCR方法对47份样品进行检测比较,两者符合率为93.6%。【结论】 本研究建立的CRV胶体金试纸条检测方法具有良好的敏感性、特异性、重复性,与RT-PCR方法符合率较高,可为CRV的临床快速诊断提供有效的检测方法。     

口蹄疫病毒感染与免疫鉴别诊断及免疫评价二联试纸的优化

【目的】建立口蹄疫病毒(FMDV)感染与免疫鉴别诊断及免疫评价二联试纸稳定的生产工艺,促进其产业化生产及临床应用。【方法】本研究以胶体金免疫探针结合猪IgG,FMDV结构蛋白(SP)及非结构蛋白(NSP)的表位多肽偶联载体蛋白制备人工抗原,设置两条检测线精准拦截抗体的检测模式,以试纸条特异性及敏感性为评价指标,对胶体金免疫探针用蛋白、试纸拦截用多肽抗原、检测线位置及喷膜缓冲液、金标蛋白保存液、样品垫缓冲液以及样品稀释液等参数进行优化。采用优化后的试纸检测266份田间猪血清样品,并与口蹄疫O型抗体液相阻断ELISA检测试剂盒(LPB ELISA)和3ABC阻断ELISA抗体检测试剂盒(3ABC ELISA)检测结果进行对比,计算该试纸与商品ELISA试剂盒的符合率。【结果】经优化后,口蹄疫感染与免疫鉴别诊断及免疫评价二联试纸生产工艺参数如下:以胶体金标记金黄色葡萄球菌A蛋白(SPA)为免疫探针;选择混合多肽的形式设置拦截线,以非结构蛋白多肽(BSA-NSPs)喷涂T1线,结构蛋白多肽(BSA-SPs)喷涂T2线,以0.1 mol/L Tris-HCl为喷膜缓冲液;以ddH₂O含15 mg/mL BSA、13.25 mg/mL Na₂HPO₄·12H₂O、15.9 mg/mL NaH₂PO₄·2H₂O、10% Trition X-100和0.3 mg/mL NaN₃为金标蛋白保存液;以0.02 mol/L Na₂B₄O₇·10H₂O 含10 mg/mL酪蛋白、5% Trition X-100、0.3 mg/mL NaN₃为样品垫缓冲液;以生理盐水含1.0% Tween-20为样品稀释溶液。制备的FMDV感染与免疫鉴别诊断及免疫评价二联试纸与3ABC阻断ELISA抗体检测试剂盒的符合率为96.20%,与口蹄疫O型抗体液相阻断ELISA检测试剂盒的符合率为94.36%。【结论】通过对试纸生产工艺的优化,建立了稳定的生产工艺,制备的二联试纸检测线显色清晰可见,肉眼识别度高,试纸的检测特异性和敏感性良好。本研究为该试纸的批量生产和产业化应用奠定了基础,为基层口蹄疫的检测提供了稳定、特异、敏感、准确的检测方法。     

Prokaryotic Expression of BPIV3 NP Protein and Its Immunoenhancing Effect on the BPIV3 Inactivated Vaccine

【Objective】 This study was aimed to verify whether the NP protein of Bovine parainfluenza virus type 3 (BPIV3) could enhance the immune effect of BPIV3 inactivated vaccine【Method】 The antigenicity of the protein encoded by NP gene was analyzed by bioinformatics softwares,and the antigenic region was screened.The truncated NP gene sequence of BPIV3 was amplified by PCR and connected to pET-32a(+) plasmid.Then the high-purity BPIV3 NP protein was obtained by E.coli prokaryotic expression system and Ni affinity chromatography.It was confirmed by Western blotting.BPIV3 was inactivated with 0.3% formaldehyde and mixed with Freund's adjuvant 1:1 to prepare inactivated vaccine.Eight New Zealand White rabbits were randomly divided into four groups with two rabbits in each group,including inactivated vaccine group,NP protein group,inactivated vaccine and NP protein mixed group and control group.Blood samples were collected before and every 7 days after immunization.The levels of specific antibodies and neutralizing antibodies in New Zealand White rabbits of the four groups were measured and compared by indirect ELISA and virus neutralization test.【Result】 DNAStar analysis showed that the average antigen index of amino acid region 193-368 of NP protein was 0.4-1.7,and the hydrophilic index was 0-1.5,which proved that this region had strong antigenicity and hydrophilicity.The NP gene was amplified by PCR and the recombinant expression vector was constructed.Gene sequencing showed that the recombinant expression vector was consistent with the expected results.The results of SDS-PAGE showed that NP protein was highly expressed with a molecular weight of 50 ku and expressed in the form of inclusion body.Western blotting showed that the expressed protein had strong reactivity.The results of ELISA showed that 28 days after immunization,the specific antibody titer of the control group was 0,and the specific antibody titers of inactivated vaccine group,NP protein group and inactivated vaccine and NP protein mixed group reached 1:2¹¹,1:2¹⁷ and 1:2¹⁸,respectively.The results of virus neutralization test showed that 28 days after immunization,the neutralizing antibody titer of the control group was 0,and the neutralizing antibody titers of inactivated vaccine group,NP protein group and inactivated vaccine and NP protein mixed group were 1:2^3.32,1:2^4.48 and 1:2^4.98,respectively.【Conclusion】 BPIV3 NP protein could enhance the immune effect of BPIV3 inactivated vaccine.Adding NP protein to the inactivated vaccine could be used as a new vaccination method of BPIV3 inactivated vaccine.     

新城疫病毒M蛋白单克隆抗体的制备与鉴定

为获得新城疫病毒（Newcastle disease virus,NDV） M蛋白单克隆抗体,本研究将编码该蛋白的基因克隆、表达并纯化重组蛋白,作为免疫原免疫小鼠,同时建立ELISA筛选方法对小鼠血清效价进行测定,筛选出血清抗体效价最高的小鼠脾细胞与SP2/0细胞融合,最终获得能稳定产生NDV M蛋白单克隆抗体的杂交瘤细胞株,并进行了抗体的免疫荧光、Western blotting、亚类的鉴定、杂交瘤细胞染色体计数、小鼠腹水制备及腹水内单克隆抗体效价测定。结果显示,PCR、重组质粒测序及双酶切鉴定正确,M基因大小约为1 095 bp。SDS-PAGE和Western blotting检测显示,试验成功表达了重组M蛋白,分子质量约为60 ku,且可与NDV阳性血清反应。建立的ELISA筛选方法中,重组M蛋白、His标签蛋白和抗体的最佳工作浓度分别为0.5 μg/mL、0.5 μg/mL和1∶256 000。抗体的免疫荧光、Western blotting、亚类的鉴定显示,杂交瘤细胞产生的抗体可与NDV SG10株及重组M蛋白特异性结合,其轻链为κ,重链为IgG2A。C9-G2、D3-F2杂交瘤细胞染色体计数结果分别为97和101条;杂交瘤细胞上清的ELISA检测效价均为1∶6 400,腹水的ELISA检测效价分别为1∶409 600和1∶102 400。本研究成功制备了NDV M蛋白的单克隆抗体,可为进一步研究M蛋白的功能提供工具。     

抗头孢氨苄单克隆抗体的制备与初步应用

为制备抗头孢氨苄（cephalexin,CEX）的单克隆抗体并建立鲜奶中CEX残留检测的ELISA方法,本试验采用戊二醛两步法分别将CEX与牛血清白蛋白（BSA）、卵清白蛋白（OVA）偶联,用合成的CEX-BSA作为免疫原免疫BALB/c雌鼠;5次免疫后,应用杂交瘤细胞融合技术建立并筛选出两株（2G4、5B3）分泌抗CEX单克隆抗体（monoclonal antibodies,McAb）的杂交瘤细胞株,将2G4细胞株注入BALB/c小鼠腹腔制备腹水,并对腹水进行纯化及鉴定。结果显示,2G4腹水效价大于1∶1.28×10⁵,其抗体亚型为IgG2b（κ）,亲和力常数K=1.51×10⁹ L/mol;交叉试验结果显示,该单克隆抗体除了与头孢拉定有52.55%的交叉反应率外,与头孢噻呋、头孢曲松、头孢噻肟、头孢噻吩、青霉素、链霉素、四环素均无明显交叉反应;建立了测定鲜奶样品中CEX的ELISA方法,线性范围为20~1 000 ng/mL,线性方程y=0.4674x-0.5359（R²=0.9909）,检测下限为19.68 ng/mL,平均回收率为91.31%,平均变异系数低于15%,低于中国及欧盟规定的头孢氨苄最高残留限量,具有一定的应用前景。     

Development of Monoclonal Antibodies against the cOmpT Protein of Avian Pathogenic Escherichia coli and Identification of Epitopes Recognized by Monoclonal Antibodies

To development monoclonal antibodies against cOmpT of avian pathogenic Escherichia coli (APEC), the recombinant cOmpT of APEC origin expression plasmid pET-28a-compT was employed, and cOmpT protein with a molecular weight about 36 kD in the form of inclusion bodies was obtained after induction with IPTG, and then renatured by urea gradient dialysis. BALB/c mice were immunized with the purified cOmpT. An indirect enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (iELISA) was developed, the optimal coating concentration of the antigen was 0.625 μg·mL^-1 and the optimal serum dilution was 1:6 400. After the fourth immunization, the spleen of immunized mice was collected for cell fusion, three monoclonal hybridomas that can secrete antibody specific to cOmpT were obtained after multiple screenings, named 1G8, 2C3 and 2G3 respectively. And all of their immunoglobulin subclasses were IgG2b. The titers of monoclonal antibodies in the cell culture supernatant were 1:200, 1:3 200 and 1:3 200 determined by iELISA, respectively. All three monoclonal antibodies were confirmed to react with cOmpT in Western blot, without cross reaction with other tested bacteria. The antigenic epitopes recognized by the three monoclonal antibodies were identified by using a series of E. coli strains harboring expression plasmids recombined with truncated fragments from compT gene. The results revealed that the antigenic epitope required for reactivity with the 1G8 was ⁸³DQDWMDS⁸⁹, and ⁹⁰SNPGTW⁹⁵, ¹⁹⁷TFKYSGW²⁰³were recognized by 2C3 and 2G3, respectively. In this study, three monoclonal antibodies against cOmpT were successfully developed and the antigenic epitopes recognized by the antibodies were identified. The cOmpT specific monoclonal antibodies obtained in this study are potentially useful tools for both the functional study of cOmpT and the development of APEC epitope vaccines.     

禽致病性大肠杆菌cOmpT单克隆抗体的研制及其识别抗原表位的鉴定

旨在制备禽致病性大肠杆菌（APEC）染色体编码外膜蛋白（cOmpT）的特异性单克隆抗体，本研究利用实验室已构建的APEC cOmpT重组表达质粒pET-28a-compT，经IPTG诱导表达后，获得以包涵体形式存在的约36 ku的重组蛋白cOmpT，利用尿素浓度梯度透析复性获得纯化蛋白cOmpT，并以此免疫BALB/c小鼠。建立间接ELISA检测方法，最适抗原包被浓度为0.625 μg·mL^-1，最适血清稀释度为1：6 400。4次免疫后取小鼠脾进行细胞融合，采用有限稀释法多轮筛选后得到3株能稳定分泌针对cOmpT蛋白的单克隆抗体，分别命名为1G8、2C3和2G3，均为IgG2b亚类。3株杂交瘤细胞上清ELISA抗体效价分别为1：200、1：3 200和1：3 200。Western blot结果显示，3株单抗均能与cOmpT发生特异性反应，而不与其他受检菌发生交叉反应。运用原核表达系统对compT基因进行截短表达，对单克隆抗体针对的cOmpT抗原表位进行鉴定，结果显示单抗1G8、2C3和2G3识别的抗原表位分别是⁸³DQDWMDS⁸⁹、⁹⁰SNPGTW⁹⁵和¹⁹⁷TFKYSGW²⁰³。本研究成功制备了3株抗cOmpT蛋白的单克隆抗体，并对其识别的抗原表位进行了鉴定，为cOmpT蛋白功能研究和APEC新型表位疫苗研发奠定了基础。     

一种犬细小病毒基因工程抗体的制备

本研究旨在利用HEK-293细胞系制备鼠源犬细小病毒（canine parovirus，CPV）基因工程抗体并检测其生物活性。通过抗体亚型检测试剂盒检测CPV单克隆抗体亚型；采用间接ELISA检测CPV单克隆抗体的亲和力和特异性；经RACE-PCR获得CPV单克隆抗体的可变区序列，将可变区序列与鼠源抗体恒定区序列连接；分别构建真核表达载体pcDNA3.1（+）-L和pcDNA3.1（+）-H，将载体共转染HEK-293细胞，采用血凝抑制与中和试验的方法检测鼠源CPV基因工程抗体生物活性；采用HEK-293F细胞悬浮表达并用间接ELISA方法检测鼠源CPV基因工程抗体的表达量；用Protein A亲和层析柱纯化鼠源CPV基因工程抗体后进行SDS-PAGE鉴定；间接免疫荧光检测纯化后鼠源CPV基因工程抗体的活性。结果显示，CPV单克隆抗体亚型为IgG_2b，亲和力常数6个Ka平均值为1.02×10¹¹ L/mol，只与CPV VLPs发生反应。琼脂糖凝胶电泳结果显示，试验成功构建真核表达载体pcDNA3.1（+）-L和pcDNA3.1（+）-H；HEK-293和HEK-293F细胞培养上清液血抑效价分别为1∶2⁴和1∶2⁶，中和试验结果显示，HEK-293和HEK-293F细胞培养上清液中和效价分别为1∶152和1∶1 290；鼠源CPV基因工程抗体在HEK-293F细胞中的表达量为5.97 mg/L，SDS-PAGE分析在55和25 ku处出现条带，表明鼠源CPV基因工程抗体成功在HEK-293F细胞中表达并纯化。间接免疫荧光检测结果表明，纯化后鼠源CPV基因工程抗体具有良好的生物活性。本研究在HEK-293F细胞中成功表达具有中和活性、纯度较高的鼠源CPV基因工程抗体，为今后CPV基因工程抗体药物的研发奠定基础。     

非洲猪瘟病毒p22蛋白表达、多克隆抗体制备及间接ELISA方法的建立

【目的】试验旨在表达与纯化非洲猪瘟病毒(African swine fever virus, ASFV)的结构蛋白p22,将其作为包被抗原建立ASFV抗体的间接ELISA检测方法,用于诊断非洲猪瘟。【方法】将ASFV p22编码基因KP177R的截短体(24―145位氨基酸)克隆至原核表达载体pET-32a(+)中,将重组质粒pET-32a-p22转化大肠杆菌BL21(DE3)感受态细胞,经0.1 mmol/L IPTG诱导表达5 h,利用镍柱亲和纯化p22蛋白,并进行Western blotting鉴定。利用p22蛋白免疫BALB/c小鼠制备抗血清,并以含p22全长基因的真核表达质粒pCAGGS-EGFP-fp22转染HEK293T细胞为抗原基质,利用间接免疫荧光(IFA)鉴定抗血清的反应性。以重组p22蛋白为包被抗原,优化最佳抗原包被浓度、待检血清稀释度、封闭条件、抗原抗体反应时间、酶标二抗工作浓度等参数,建立ASFV抗体间接ELISA检测方法,并对临床猪血清样品进行检测。【结果】ASFV p22截短蛋白在大肠杆菌中高水平表达,蛋白产量为0.85 mg/100 g菌体;p22蛋白具...     

山羊痘病毒p32基因的克隆、表达及单克隆抗体制备

本研究旨在表达山羊痘病毒p32蛋白、制备p32蛋白单克隆抗体。通过PCR克隆p32基因,连接到pMD18-T并测序;酶切、连接后将p32基因克隆到pET28a(+)中,将重组质粒转化大肠杆菌Rosseta,在IPTG诱导下成功表达p32蛋白;利用亲和层析法纯化p32蛋白,用纯化蛋白免疫BALB/c小鼠后制备p32蛋白单克隆抗体,获得22株识别重组蛋白的单抗,通过间接免疫荧光鉴定,其中3株能识别病毒的p32蛋白。山羊痘病毒p32蛋白的表达和单克隆抗体的制备为山羊痘病毒抗原、抗体检测提供了生物材料。     

鸭1型甲肝病毒亚型VP1蛋白单克隆抗体的研制及鉴定

为制备抗鸭1型甲肝病毒亚型（DHAV-1a）结构蛋白VP1的单克隆抗体（MAbs）,本研究以pGEX-VP1重组蛋白免疫BALB/c小鼠,同时以纯化浓缩的全病毒作为包被抗原,建立了筛选抗VP1蛋白阳性杂交瘤细胞株的间接ELISA方法,经融合、筛选制备杂交瘤细胞及鉴定MAbs的稳定性、特异性、腹水效价和中和活性等生物学活性,获得了2株持续且稳定分泌抗体的杂交瘤细胞（1A2和5G3）。MAbs腹水ELISA效价分别为1：3.2×10⁴和1：2.0×10⁶。亚类鉴定均为IgG1/κ型。Western blotting结果显示,2株MAbs均能与DHAV-1a VP1蛋白和DHAV-1a全病毒发生特异性反应。特异性试验结果显示2株MAbs能与鸭1型甲肝病毒（DHAV-1）和DHAV-1a发生交叉反应。中和试验结果显示5G3株具有中和活性。结果表明2株MAbs的ELISA效价高、特异性强、稳定性好,均能与DHAV-1和DHAV-1a全病毒发生特异性反应,其中一株具有中和活性。     

Development and Identification of Monoclonal Antibodies against VP1 Protein of DHAV-1a

To prepare the monoclonal antibodies (MAbs) against DHAV-1a, hybridomas were produced by fusing SP2/0 cells with spleen cells from mouse immunized with DHAV-1a pGEX-VP1 recombinant protein. Two hybridomas stablely secreting MAbs against VP1 protein were identified by indirect ELISA detection with DHAV-1a as coating antigen. The ascetic fluids of MAbs were 1:3.2×10⁴ and 1:2.0×10⁶, respectively. The MAbs were IgG1 with κ chain. Western blotting analysis showed that the MAbs could recognize the recombinant VP1 protein and DHAV-1a. The neutralization tests showed that one MAb (5G3) had better neutralization activity. Therefore, the results showed that the ELISA titers and specialities of two MAbs were very good, with excellent stability. In addition, they all had cross interaction with DHAV-1 and DHAV-1a, one of which had good neutralization activity.     

Development and Application of Sandwich ELISA for Diagnosis of Fascioliasis gigantica in Early Stage

To establish a method for the diagnosis of Fascioliasis gigantica in early stage, five hybridoma cell lines were recovered and used for preparation of monoclonal antibodies.7D2 was used as a capture antibody and 7D1 as detection antibody.Coating antibody dilution was 1:6 400 (0.208 μg/mL), 5% nonfat milk was used as blocking solution and detection antibody dilution was 1:10 000 (0.200 μg/mL).The detection limit of the sandwich ELISA was 1:3 200 (0.156 μg/mL), with good specificity and stability, and there was no cross reaction with other kinds of parasite antigen.The results showed that the method provided the important conditions and theoretical basis for the diagnosis of Fascioliasis gigantica in early stage. This would save unnecessary economic losses to the livestock, and it had clinical application value.