复合营养舔砖对山羊大群中试效果研究

在石门县马头山羊中心产区选择７个试验点共４５个养羊场（户）对复合营养舔砖补饲山羊的效果进行了大群中试。共选用马头山羊２６９５只，随机分组，其中２１２５只补饲舔砖，另５７０只作对照。结果表明：补饲舔砖的羊毛色、膘情显著改观；增重速度较对照组提高３８．２９％（Ｐ＜０．０１）。平均每只试验羊较对照羊每天净增纯收入０．１５２元，补饲舔砖的２１２５只羊在为期９０天的试验期内共净增纯收入２８９００元；补饲舔砖投入产出比达１∶４．８；每吨舔砖可产生直接经济效益２．５万元以上。经济效益、社会效益和生态效益十分显著。     

复合营养舔砖对马头山羊饲用效果研究

在马头山羊中心产区选择7个试验点共45个试验场(户)的2695只马头山羊进行了复合营养舔砖的补饲试验.结果表明,补饲了复合营养舔砖的羊,毛色和膘情较对照组明显改观;增重速度比对照组提高了38.29%(P＜0.01).平均每只试验羊每天比对照羊净增纯收入0.152元,每吨舔砖可产生直接经济效益2.4万元.     

复合营养舔砖对马头山羊饲用效果研究

在马头山羊中心产区选择７个试验点共４５个试验场（户）的２６９５只马头山羊进行了复合营养舔砖的补饲试验，结果表明，补饲了复合营养舔砖的羊，毛色和膘情较对照组明显改观，增重速度比对照组提高３８．２９％（Ｐ〈０．０１），平均每只试验羊每天比对照羊净增纯收入０．１５２元，每吨舔砖可产生直接经济效益２．４万元。     

复合营养舔砖对山羊的应用效果

选用24只武雪山羊,随机分成3组,在放牧条件下,一组补饲精饲料,一组补饲复合营养舔砖,另一组为对照组,进行为期33天的对比试验,试验结果表明:舔砖组山羊平均日增重达91.67g,分别比精料组和对照组的68.18g、65.53g提高了34.45%(P<0.05)和39.89%(P<0.05).舔砖组比精料组和对照组平均每只山羊每日净增纯利0.18元和0.16元.表明复合营养舔砖在山羊生产中颇具推广价值.     

复合营养舔砖对海门山羊增重速度和经济效益的影响

试验选取 4月龄的海门山羊 2 4只作为试验动物 ,随机分为三组 :试验 组 ( )、试验 组 ( )、对照组 (CK ) ,每组 8只 ,对其进行饲养试验 ,试验期 40 d,研究复合营养舔砖对山羊的增重速度和经济效益的影响。结果表明 :(1)补饲 号舔砖的试验 组平均日增重 3 9.75 g,补饲 号舔砖的试验 组平均日增重 40 .5 0g,分别比对照组 2 6.0 0 g提高 5 2 .88% (P<0 .0 5 )、90 .3 8% (P<0 .0 1) ;(2 ) 、 组比对照组实际净增纯利2 8.3 0、5 1.2 3元 ,增收率分别为 42 .5 2 %、76.97% ,每只羊平均每天比对照组多获利 0 .0 9、0 .16元     

饲喂糖蜜—尿素舔砖对全舍饲山羊增重效果的影响

利用全舍饲饲料的育成母山羊进行补饲糖密－尿素舔砖饲养试验。结果表明，补饲舔砖山羊日平均增重为67g，比对照组提高43g，提高幅度179．2％（P＜0．05），每只山羊增加纯收入19．8元。     

不同尿素水平的糖蜜舔砖对黑山羊增重的影响

选用生长发育良好、健康无病的湘东黑山羊21只,随机分成3组,其中A组为对照组,饲喂基础日粮;B组和C组是试验组,分别在饲喂基础日粮的基础上,补饲尿素含量为7%和10%的尿素糖蜜舔砖,做尿素糖蜜舔砖对山羊增重效果的试验。结果表明,在为期1个月的试验中,补饲舔砖对山羊增重效果显著(P<0.05),试验B、C组分别每只羊比A组平均多增重1.2和2.1kg,净收益高8.34和17.13元。此外,补饲尿素糖蜜舔砖的羊只较对照组被毛光泽、食欲旺盛、精神好和异嗜现象明显减少。     

矿物质复合添加剂舔砖对山羊的应用效果比较

为验证矿物质添加剂舔砖对山羊的补饲效果 ,我们选用 16只黑山羊 ,随机分成两组 ,在全放牧的条件下 ,对照组不补饲 ,试验组补饲矿物质复合添加剂舔砖 ,35天试验期 ,试验组比对照组头均日增重提高36 18% (P <0 0 5 ) ,头均增收 3 82元 ,经济效益显著。     

尿素糖浆营养舔砖对放牧牦牛和藏羊的补饲效果

以体重相近的2岁牦牛、藏羊各20头(只)为试验动物,进行了尿素糖浆营养舔砖补饲试验。试验期两个月,结果表明,牦牛、藏羊增重效果明显,取得较高的经济效益。补饲营养舔砖的牦牛,试验组比对照组平均日增重提高0.21kg(P<0.01),平均每头每日多获净收益0.68元;藏羊试验组比对照组平均日增重提高0.14kg(P<0.01),平均每只每日多获净收益0.52元。     

山羊尿素舔砖不同添加水平的效果试验

本试验选取21头10月龄、体重26kg左右的湘东黑山羊,随机分成3组,其中A组为对照组,饲喂基础日粮,B组和C组为试验组,分别在饲喂基础日粮的基础上,补饲尿素含量为7%和10%的尿素糖蜜舔砖,以研究尿素糖蜜舔砖对山羊增重效果的影响.结果表明:补饲尿素糖蜜舔砖后,湘东黑山羊营养状况大大改善,增重速度得到不同程度的提高.补饲舔砖的B、C试验组日增重分别为0.12kg和0.15kg,比对照组分别高50%和87.5%,试验C组比试验B组高2 5%,经方差分析差异及显著(P<0.01).试验B、C组中每只羊比对照组分别多收入8.34元和17.13元.从而也得出10%尿素添加比7%尿素添加的舔砖补饲山羊的效果要好.     

癸氧喹酯干混悬剂含量测定的改进

采用高效液相色谱法测定癸氧喹酯干混悬剂的含量,在2-250μg/mL范围内,峰面积的常用对数与进样量浓度的常用对数呈良好的线性关系,R^2=1(n=5),平均回收率为99.24%~99.51%,RSD在0.05%~0.28%。此方法分析时间短,样品前处理简便、定量结果准确,重现性好,结果满意,为其质量控制提供了依据。     

商会自治的基石——商会自治规范研究

在现代法律秩序中,商会自治规范是制定法的基础和必要的补充,甚至在某些方面替代了制定法;商会自治规范主要包括商会组织规范、行为规范、惩罚规范以及争端解决规范等;其效力仅及于其内部成员;商会自治规范和制定法之间存在冲突,但也存在整合的基础。     

猪毛色遗传的研究进展

本文概述了猪的毛色类型、猪的毛色遗传模式,着重综述了猪毛色基因分子基础的研究进展,指出存在问题并就未来发展方向做了思考。     

中华人民共和国农业部公告 第267号

为贯彻落实《兽药生产质量管理规范》(简称《兽药GMP》),进一步推动兽药GMP实施进程,我部制定了《兽药生产质量管理规范检查验收办法》,现予公告。本公告自2003年6月1日起施行。附件:兽药生产质量管理规范检查验收办法二○○三年四月十日第一章 总则 第一条 为推动《兽药生产质量管理规范》(以下简称兽药GMP)的实施,规范兽药GMP检查验收工作,制定本办法。 第二条 农业部负责全国兽药GMP管理和检查验收工作;负责制修订兽药GMP检查验收管理规定;负责兽药GMP检查员队伍建设和监督管理工作,负责国际兽药贸易中GMP互认工作。 …     

鸡败血支原体垂直传播模式及其阻断方法

以国际标准强毒Ｒ株人工感染非免疫产蛋鸡,定时扑杀,分别从鼻窦、眶下孔、气管、肺、气囊、卵巢和输卵管分离ＭＧ,并收集感染鸡所产蛋分离ＭＧ。结果表明,人工感染４８小时后上、下呼吸道及肺已被全面感染,９６小时气囊已被感染,１２０小时输卵管已能分离到ＭＧ,卵巢始终分离不到ＭＧ。人工感染鸡自１４４小时便能在其所产蛋中分离出ＭＧ。药物治疗能在７２小时内消除感染,油乳剂苗则需２４天后逐渐降低蛋内ＭＧ分离率,药物卵内注射、种蛋药浴、高温处理均能杀死卵内ＭＧ,但以研制的种蛋浸泡剂药浴效果为最好。     

Comparison of 2 methods of centesis of the bursa of the biceps brachii tendon of horses

REASONS FOR PERFORMING STUDY: Centesis of the bicipital bursa using an 8.9 cm long spinal needle has been reported but the alternative of employing a 3.8 cm long hypodermic needle requires validation. OBJECTIVE: To compare the efficacy of 2 different methods of centesis of the bicipital bursa and to evaluate the usefulness of ultrasonographic imaging to determine the location of solution administered when centesis of the bursa is attempted. METHODS: For Trial 1, 6 clinicians, who had no previous experience of centesis of the bicipital bursa, attempted to inject a solution composed of an aqueous radiopaque contrast medium and physiological saline solution (PSS) into the bicipital bursae of 2/12 horses using the previously described distal approach to inject one bursa and a proximal approach to inject the contralateral bursa. The bicipital tendon and bursa were examined ultrasonographically before and after injection; and both shoulders were examined radiographically to identify the location of the medium. In Trial 2, another 6 clinicians, also with no previous experience of centesis, repeated Trial 1, using 6 horses, but the radiopaque contrast medium was mixed with air instead of PSS. RESULTS: Accuracy of centesis using the proximal approach was 39% and that of the distal approach 28%. Ultrasonographic examination of the shoulder allowed the location of solution and air to be accurately predicted in all 12 shoulders examined. CONCLUSIONS: Clinicians who have had no previous experience performing centesis of the bicipital bursa are unlikely to be successful in centesis using either approach. Radiographic examination after injecting a radiopaque contrast medium may be necessary to assess the success of centesis especially if bursal fluid is not obtained during centesis. Injecting air along with the radiopaque contrast medium provides more accurate ultrasonographic confirmation of centesis and better radiographic definition than does injection without air.     

不同样本商品蜂蜜中硒含量的测定

用硝酸和高氯酸消化蜂蜜,使硒游离出来,在微酸性环境下,硒和2,3-二氨基萘(DAN)生成有较强荧光的物质,用环己烷萃取,在激发波长378nm,荧光波长518nm处测定其荧光强度。蜂蜜中硒含量范围:0.10～0.82μg/g。表明:蜂蜜应视为天然富硒营养品。     

乳酸杆菌益生作用机制的研究进展

乳酸杆菌作为益生菌广泛用于人和动物。本文综述了乳酸杆菌改善宿主健康的机制。乳酸杆菌可通过产生抗菌物质如乳酸、过氧化氢、细菌素,或者通过竞争营养或肠道黏附位点来抑制致病菌;通过诱导黏附素的分泌或阻止细胞凋亡而增强肠道的屏障功能,从而保护肠道。文章重点讨论了乳酸杆菌表面成分（表面蛋白、脂磷壁酸和肽聚糖）与肠道受体（Ｃ型凝集素受体、Ｔｏｌｌ样受体和 Ｎｏｄ样受体）,阐述了他们结合后启动免疫调节信号,调控肠道免疫功能以发挥改善健康作用的机制。     

Effects of size of ingestively masticated fragments of plant tissues on kinetics of digestion of NDF

Ingestively masticated fragments were collected and sized via sieving. Different sizes of esophageal masticate and ruminal digesta fragments, and ground fragments of larger masticated pieces were incubated in vitro, and undigested NDF remaining at intervals of up to 168 h of incubation was determined. The ruminal age-dependent time delay (tau) for onset of digestion of NDF was positively correlated (P < 0.004) with the mean sieve aperture estimated to retain 50% of the fragments between successive sieve apertures (MRA). Degradation rate of potentially degradable NDF (PDF) and level of indigestible NDF were not related (P > 0.10) to MRA of masticated and ground fragments. Estimates of tau were positively related to MRA, with slopes of bermudagrass < corn silage < ruminal fragments of corn silage. It was concluded that fragment size-, and consequently, ruminal age-dependent onset of PDF degradation of a mixture of different fragment sizes results in an age-dependent rate of degradation of the more rapidly degrading of two subentities of PDF. Models are proposed that assume a tau before onset of simultaneous degradation of PDF from two pools characterized as having gamma-modeled age-dependency and age-constant rates. The ruminal age-dependent pool seems to be associated with the faster-degrading pool, and its rate parameter increases with range in MRA in the population of fragments. Conceptually, the ruminal age-dependent rate parameter for PDF degradation seems to represent a composite of several effects: 1) effects of the size-dependent tau; 2) range in MRA of the population of ingestively masticated fragments; and 3) subentities of PDF that degrade via more rapid age-dependent rates compared with subentities of PDF that degrade via age-constant rates. The estimated fractional rates of ruminative comminution of ingestively masticated fragments (0.060 to 0.075/h) were of a magnitude similar to the mean fractional rates of PDF digestion (0.030 to 0.085/h), which implies that ruminative comminution may be first-limiting to fractional rate of PDF digestion. The in vivo roles of ingestive and ruminative mastication of fragments on PDF degradation must be considered in any kinetic system for estimating PDF digestion in the rumen. These results and others in the literature suggest that the rate of surface area exposure rather than intrinsic chemical attributes of PDF may be first-limiting to degradation rate of PDF in vivo.