应用气管环组织培养鉴定鸡传染性鼻气管炎病毒

气管环组织培养 (ＴＯＣ)是用于鸡传染性鼻气管炎病毒 (ＴＲＴＶ)分离、鉴定和血清学检查的有效方法 ,Ｂｕｙ、ＭｃＤｏｎｇａｌｌ、Ｃｏｏｋ等应用ＴＯＣ已成功地分离到ＴＲＴＶ。我们曾用ＴＯＣ鸡胚成纤维细胞 (ＣＥＦ)、绿猴肾细胞 (ＶＥＲＯ)对可疑的鸡传染性鼻气管炎病鸡进行野毒株分离 ,证明ＴＯＣ比ＣＥＦ、ＶＥＲＯ细胞更适于ＴＲＴＶ的分离和鉴定。经过鸡胚传代、电镜观察和中和试验等初步鉴定为鸡传染性鼻气管炎病毒 ,并通过理化特性和病原学的特性作进一步研究。1　材料与方法1 .1　病毒及血清标准株 :ＮＬ 7784株。分离株 :上海…     

肾致病型鸡传染性支气管炎病毒的分离和初步鉴定

取三份典型肾病变材料，通过鸡胚培养、血凝（ＨＡ）试验，病毒对ＮＤＶ－ｌａｓｏｔａ毒株干扰试验和电镜形态学观察，结果证明三份分离病料中含有鸡传染性支气管炎病毒（ＩＢＶ）。动物回归试验中，试验鸡全部出现临床症状，表现呼吸困难，倍量饮水，排出多量含有尿酸盐的水样粪便。剖检可见肾肿大、苍白、呈现典型的“花斑肾”，输尿管扩张，内充塞有大量尿酸盐。血清学初步检测结果表明，所分离病毒的血清型不同于ＩＢＶ－Ｍ４１     

河南省鸡传染性法氏囊病病毒株的分离及其某些生物学特性

应用鸡胚培养、电镜观察、血清学试验及病理组织学检查，分离与鉴定了来自河南省鸡传染性法氏囊病（ＩＢＤ）免疫鸡群Ｈｅ１、Ｈｅ２、和Ｈｅ３三株ＩＢＤＶ毒株。鸡胚传代试验表明，Ｈｅ１和Ｈｅ２株连续传代到第４代出现规律性死亡和ＩＢＤ病变，而Ｈｅ３株在第１代时鸡胚即全部死亡，且出现ＩＢＤ典型鸡胚病变。Ｈｅ１、Ｈｅ２和Ｈｅ３毒株对易感鸡致病力有一定的差异。病死率分别为２０％、１０％和４０％，多数为弱毒株。免疫保护试验证明，用常规的ＩＢＤＶ血清Ｉ型病毒株Ｂ２疫苗对Ｈｅ１、Ｈｅ２和Ｈｅ３毒株的免疫保护试验，与对照组相比保护率分别为０％、０％和１０％。未死亡扑杀的免疫试验鸡法氏囊有不同程度的病理组织学病变，表明Ｉ型毒株疫苗对ＩＢＤ基本上无免疫保护作用。所分离的毒株可能是ＩＢＤＶ的变异株。     

鸡传染性支气管炎病变型的研究进展

鸡传染性支气管炎（ＩＢ）是由传染性支气管炎病毒（ＩＢＶ）引起的急性、高度接触性传染病。目前世界上已分离的ＩＢＶ毒株达３０多种。由于新的变异毒株不断出现 ,致使病毒对组织器官亲嗜性发生变化 ,导致不同病变型的出现。本文就不同变异毒株引起的病变型进行综述 ,以供参考。１呼吸型为经典型ＩＢ ,首先由Ｓｃｈａｌｋ和Ｈａｗｎ（１９３１）在美国北部的Ｄａｋｏｔａ州发现。Ｂｅａｃｈ和Ｓｃｈａｌｍ（１９３６）确定该病由病毒引起。Ｊｕｎｇｈｅｒｒ等（１９５６）报道了分离株Ｃｏｎｎｅｃｔｉｃｕｔ和Ｍａｓｓａｃｈｕｓｅｔｔｓ…     

鸡IB肾型毒株的分离鉴定及多价灭活油苗的研制

鸡ＩＢ肾型毒株的分离鉴定及多价灭活油苗的研制许兰菊（河南农业大学牧医系，郑州４５０００２）鸡传染性支气管炎（ＩＢ）是由传染性支气管炎病毒（ＩＢＶ）所引起的一种急性、高度接触性呼吸道传染病￣［１］。肾型ＩＢ是由致肾病变毒株（肾型毒株）引起的，病鸡以肾苍...     

鸡肾型传染性支气管炎病毒的分离与鉴定

鸡肾型传染性支气管炎病毒的分离与鉴定许兰菊（河南农业大学４５０００２）鸡传染性支气管炎（ＩＢ）是由传染性支气管炎病毒（ＩＢＶ）所引起的一种急性、高度接触性呼吸道传染病。肾型ＩＢ是由致肾病变毒株百肾型毒株）引起的，患鸡剖检病变以肾志白肿大、肾小管和输尿...     

鸡传染性法氏囊病野毒株的分离鉴定及河北弱毒株培育的研究

从河北省６个地区鸡传染性法氏囊病（ＩＢＤ）的鸡群中，分离到６株强毒，均能使易感鸡３６小时发病并死亡，发病率达６０～１００％，死亡率１０～７０％。人工感染鸡能见到与野外病例相同的病变。经血清学试验、鸡胚接种、电镜观察均证明，分离物为传染性法氏囊病毒（ＩＢＤＶ），其中有的毒株，毒力非常强。利用其中毒力最强的１株病毒，经鸡胚多次传代培养育成１株免疫原性好，免疫期长，免疫效果容易监测的弱毒株，经野外试验证明，该毒株是防治ＩＢＤ的一个很理想的毒株。     

鸡,鸭体内传染性法氏囊病病毒的分离及理化性质比较

从疑似传染性法氏囊病（ＩＢＤ）病鸡及同群饲养的鸭体内各分离到１株病毒，用传染性法氏囊病病毒（ＩＢＤＶ）单克隆抗体夹心ＥＬＩＳＡ试验证明两病毒均为ＩＢＤＶ，病毒血清型为Ⅰ型。病毒可致死鸡胚，适应于鸡胚成纤维细胞并产生细胞病变（ＣＰＥ）。理化性质比较表明，两病毒为同源ＩＢＤＶ。研究表明，鸭可成为ＩＢＤＶ的携带者或传染源。     

巢式PCR快速鉴定鸡传染性支气管炎病毒的研究

鸡传染性支气管炎病毒（ＩＢＶ）经鸡胚增殖后,直接用尿囊液提取ＲＮＡ后反转录成ｃＤＮＡ,用ＩＢＶ基因３’端的ＵＴＲ１－／ＵＴＲ２＋和ＵＴＲ３－／ＵＴＲ４＋两对引物进行巢式ＰＣＲ,所检测的４个ＩＢＶ标准参考株和１６个ＩＢＶ野毒株均得到了预期的１７４ｂｐ大小的片段,而鸡新城疫病毒（ＮＤＶ）,鸡传染性法氏囊病毒（ＩＢＤＶ）及正常鸡胚尿囊液经同样处理没有可见片段出现。本试验不需纯化册毒只需０５ｍｌ病毒尿囊液即可在２４小时内得到准确的试验结果。这表明与其它ＩＢＶ鉴定方法相比,该法具有快速、灵敏、特异的优点。     

传染性法氏囊病超强毒致弱株的一些特性

某些传染性法氏囊病强毒株（ＨＶ－ＩＢＤＶ）通过鸡胚连续传代适应于鸡胚，鸡胚适应的ＨＶ－ＩＢＤＶ成功地在鸡胚成纤维（ＣＥＦ）细胞上生长，表现致细胞病变作用，鸡胚－细胞适应株对实验感染雏鸡的致病性大大降低，无一只死亡，法氏囊病变与标准株的相似，交叉病毒中和试验表明，细胞培养适应与标准株的抗原性有差异，免疫学试验表明，适应株免疫鸡后，对ＨＶ－ＩＢＤＶ强毒感染有很好保护作用，特别是免疫接种后３天攻强毒，适     

一株鸡肾型传染性支气管炎病毒的分离与鉴定

从山东某鸡场疑似肾型传染性支气管炎病死鸡的肾脏中分离到一株病毒,经SPF鸡胚连续传代、血凝试验、鸡新城疫干扰试验、鸡胚矮小化试验、RT—PCR鉴定和动物回归试验,初步确定该病毒为肾型传染性支气管炎病毒,并命名为SD1105株。     

Vaccine efficacy against Ontario isolates of infectious bronchitis virus

Infectious bronchitis (IB) is an economically important viral disease with worldwide distribution. Every country with an intensive poultry industry has infectious bronchitis virus (IBV). The virus rapidly spreads from bird to bird through horizontal transmission by aerosol or ingestion. Sentinel bird studies were carried out in southern Ontario and IBV has been isolated from layer flocks. Genetic analysis of the S1 region of the strains showed that they were not vaccine related. The pathogenicity of selected Ontario variants of IBV isolates was studied and the subsequent work was to determine the degree of protection against field isolates provided by a commonly used vaccine MILDVAC-Ma5 in Ontario. The protection was evaluated by challenging immunized chickens with the respiratory (IBV-ON1) and nephropathogenic (IBV-ON4) viruses. The mean vaccine efficacy for IBV-ON1 was 66.7% indicating that a Massachusetts serotype vaccine would provide some protection against IBV field isolates.     

鸡肾型传染性支气管炎病毒QD株S1基因的克隆与序列分析

One nephropathogenic infectious bronchitis virus （IBV） strain was isolated from Qingdao city, named as QD isolate.S1 gene of the strain was amplified, cloned and sequenced. The S1 gene of QD isolate was composed of 1620 nucleotides, and a spike glycoprotein cleavage recognition site was Arg-Arg-Phe-Arg-Arg. The nucleotide acid similarities among the nine IBV vaccine strains and the QD strain were 78.8% to 82.2%. Phylogenetic analysis based on the S1 genes showed that QD strain and the vaccine strains belonged to different clusters, and showed larger evolutionary distances, but showed the smaller evolutionary distances with the field nephropathogenic IBV strains in China. The result showed that nephropathogenic IBV strains were widely popular in China, and the QD strain could be used as the infectious bronchitis vaccine candidate strain.     

鸡传染性支气管炎病毒地方分离株核蛋白基因的遗传变异分析

对2006-2009年从山西各地疑似传染性支气管炎的病例中分离到的7株IBV地方分离株的核蛋白基因片段进行序列测定及分析。结果发现,7株IBV地方分离株核蛋白基因有5株含有一个长1 230 bp的ORF,其余2株含有1 227 bp,编码410/409氨基酸残基组成的多肽,与常用疫苗株H120推导的氨基酸序列比对发现,存在基因突变现象。与GenBank中的34株国内外分离毒株核蛋白基因推导的氨基酸序列进行比较和分析,系统进化关系显示41株IBV毒株分属于4个群,至少有3个群在我国流行,7个分离株分布在第Ⅳ群中,第IV群大多来自我国的北方地区地方分离毒株,第Ⅱ群来自我国南方地区的部分地方分离毒株,从N基因推导氨基酸进化树上分析可见,我国的IBV地方分离毒株主要分布在第Ⅱ和第Ⅳ群中,具有较明显的地理区域性,可见IBV地方分离株在基因进化关系上形成了自己较为独立的进化群。     

复方中药对感染NIB鸡红细胞免疫功能的影响

为了探明由熟地等组成的复方中药对人工感染NIB雏鸡红细胞免疫功能的影响规律,将雏鸡随机分为5组（空白对照组,攻毒对照组,复方中药低剂量、中剂量、高剂量治疗组）,分别于给药后3、6、9、14、19 d采集血样,测定RBC-CR1花环率与RBC-IC花环率。结果显示,该复方中药可以使人工感染NIB雏鸡RBC-CR1花环率显著回升,并恢复到正常水平;同时使人工感染NIB雏鸡RBC-IC花环率显著升高,然后再恢复到正常水平。该复方中药的作用呈现剂量效应。该复方中药可以提高人工感染NIB雏鸡红细胞的免疫功能。     

Comparison of the nephropathogenicity of four strains of infectious bronchitis virus

Experiments were conducted to characterize renal lesions in chickens induced by four strains of infectious bronchitis virus (IBV); each has been described as nephropathogenic. Those strains were also compared in vaccinated and unvaccinated older chickens for nephropathogenicity. The younger birds were much more susceptible to the nephritogenic effects of the strains. All four strains produced acute renal changes consisting of tubular damage and interstitial inflammatory cell infiltration and edema. Although both cortex and medulla were involved, the latter was generally affected more severely. The Holte strain proved to be the least pathogenic, followed by the more pathogenic Gray and Italian strains and finally by the Australian strain. All four strains produced similar chronic renal changes in unvaccinated birds, with no correlation to the severity of lesions seen at the acute phase. Chronic active and inactive types of interstitial nephritis were seen at the chronic phase. Vaccinated birds challenged with the Australian strain had the highest prevalence of the chronic active type of interstitial nephritis. The implication of renal viral persistence in the development of chronic active interstitial nephritis is discussed.     

一例肾型鸡传染性支气管炎的诊断

2007年9月,郑州某鸡场发生一起疑似肾型鸡传染性支气管炎。将分离毒株接种20日龄肉鸡,于接种后第4 d出现精神不振、拉稀,第6 d出现死亡。分离病毒可致死部分鸡胚及产生卷曲胚,但不能凝集鸡红细胞,经1 %胰酶处理后能凝集鸡红细胞。经过实验室检查结果结合流行病学调查、临床症状和剖检变化,初步诊断为肾型鸡传染性支气管炎。     

Pathogenicity and antigenicity of a new variant of Korean nephropathogenic infectious bronchitis virus

Despite the existence of an active vaccination program, recently emerged strains of nephropathogenic infectious bronchitis virus (IBV) in Korea have caused significant economic losses in the poultry industry. In this study, we assessed the pathogenic and antigenic characteristics of a K-IIb type field strain of IBV that emerged in Korea since 2003, such as Kr/Q43/06. Specific pathogen free 1-week-old chickens exhibited severe respiratory symptoms (dyspnea) and nephropathogenic lesions (swollen kidneys with nephritis and urate deposits) following challenge with the recent IBV field strain. The antigenic relatedness (R value), based on a calculated virus neutralization index, of the K-IIb type field strain and K-IIa type strain KM91 (isolated in 1991) was 30%, which indicated that the recent strain, Kr/Q43/06, is a new variant that is antigenically distinct from strain KM91. This report is the first to document the emergence of a new antigenic variant of nephropathogenic IBV in chicken from Korea.     

Protection of chickens after live and inactivated virus vaccination against challenge with nephropathogenic infectious bronchitis virus PA/Wolgemuth/98

Protection provided by live and inactivated virus vaccination against challenge with the virulent nephropathogenic infectious bronchitis virus (NIBV) strain PA/Wolgemuth/98 was assessed. Vaccinations with combinations of live attenuated strains Massachusetts (Mass) + Connecticut (Conn) or Mass + Arkansas (Ark) were given by eyedrop to 2-wk-old specific-pathogen-free leghorn chickens. After live infectious bronchitis virus (IBV) vaccination, some chickens at 6 wk of age received an injection of either an oil emulsion vaccine containing inactivated IBV strains Mass + Ark or an autogenous vaccine prepared from NIBV PA/Wolgemuth/98. Challenge with PA/Wolgemuth/98 was given via eyedrop at 10 wk of age. Serum IBV enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay antibody geometric mean titers (GMTs) after vaccination with the combinations of live attenuated strains were low, ranging from 184 to 1,354, prior to NIBV challenge at 10 wk of age. Both inactivated vaccines induced an anamnestic response of similar magnitudes with serum GMTs of 6,232-12,241. Assessment of protection following NIBV challenge was based on several criteria virus reisolation from trachea and kidney and renal microscopic pathology and IBV-specific antigen immunohistochemistry (IHC). Live attenuated virus vaccination alone with combinations of strains Mass + Conn or Mass + Ark did not protect the respiratory tract and kidney of chickens after PA/Wolgemuth/98 challenge. Chickens given a live combination vaccination of Mass + Conn and boosted with an inactivated Mass + Ark vaccine were also susceptible to NIBV challenge on the basis of virus isolation from trachea and kidney butshowed protection on the basis of renal microscopic pathology and IHC. Live IBV-primed chickens vaccinated with an autogenous inactivated PA/Wolgemuth/98 vaccine had the highest protection against homologous virulent NIBV challenge on the basis of virus isolation.