不同猪种四肢骨胳坚强度的研究

试验对五种肥育猪（安庆猪、淮猪、大安、长大安、大长淮各１０头）的肱骨和股骨作了坚强度测定。试验结果表明本地猪肱骨的骨重相对弯矩（安庆猪１１．４±１．５ｋｇ．ｅｍ／ｇ，淮猪１１．９±１．２ｋｇ．ｃｍ／ｇ）显著高于杂交猪相应的弯矩（大安８．９±２．６ｋｇ．ｃｍ／ｇ，长大安８．９±１．８ｋｇ．ｃｍ／ｇ，大长淮９．３±２．１ｋｇ，ｃｍ／ｇ）。不同品种股骨的相对弯矩无显著差异。     

不同猪种四肢骨骼坚强度的研究

试验对五种肥育猪（安庆猪、淮猪、大安、长大安、大长淮各１０头）的肱骨和股骨作了坚强度测定。试验结果表明本地猪肱骨的骨重相对弯矩（安庆猪１１．４±１．５ｋｇ．ｃｍ／ｇ，淮猪１１．９±１．２ｋｇ．ｃｍ／ｇ）显高于杂交猪相应的弯矩（大安８．９±２．６ｋｇ．ｃｍ／ｇ，长大安８．９±１．８ｋｇ．ｃｍ／ｇ，大长淮９．３±２．１ｋｇ．ｃｍ／ｇ）。不同品种股骨的相对弯矩无显差异。     

成都麻羊生长发育及繁殖性能研究

在四川省成都麻羊育种场测定成都麻羊的生长发育和繁殖性能。结果表明，成都麻羊初生体重公羔为２．１２±０．５５ｋｇ，母羔为１．９８±０．５３ｋｇ；２月龄断奶体重公羔为８．８９±１．８０ｋｇ，母羔为８．５３±１．９１ｋｇ；周岁公羊为２８．４６±８．３８ｋｇ，母羊为２４．７０±５．２５ｋｇ；成年公羊为３９．９８±５．１５ｋｇ，母羊为３１．８５±４．４８ｋｇ。成都麻羊初情期为４０多日龄，初配年龄公羊为７～８月龄，母羊为６～７月龄，初配时体重为１５～２０ｋｇ；发情周期为２０～２２天，持续期２～３天，妊娠期１４２～１４５天，多一年２胎，各胎平均产羔数为１．９２只。     

大约克猪世代选育研究

大约克猪经过五个世代选育，选育指标－日增重、背膘厚和选种指数值均获得提高。公猪分别由５７２．９１±７．３６ｇ提高到８６１．５０±７．２５ｇ，由２．１４±０．５５ｃｍ下降到１．６２±０．１１ｃｍ与由１００分上升到１３１．６１±２．１１（分）。母猪分别由５０１．２９±８．４９ｇ提高到６３４．２２±７．４１ｇ，由２．４９±０．３４ｃｍ下降到１．７７±０．２３ｃｍ与由１００分上升到１２８．１１±２．３５分     

应用痢菌净净化猪痢疾

应用痢菌净净化猪痢疾，投药剂量为２．５～５ｍｇ／ｋｇ体重。为了确保投药剂量准确，又避免药物超量中毒，达到最佳治疗效果，根据不同群组特点设置４个档次：（１）哺乳母猪４ｋｇ饲料加１ｇ痢菌净；（２）空怀母猪及公猪２ｋｇ饲料加１ｇ痢菌净；（３）３～４月龄仔猪...     

运输性应激对商品猪影响的研究

商品猪７２０头，每头体重７５～１００ｋｇ。按常规行车，经历２小时，行程５０ｋｍ的公路汽车运输试验观测．在运输过程中猪只表现兴奋、不安和互相干扰、咬斗等现象。运输结束后表现精神沉郁和食欲不振。对猪的生理状态影响显著，心博率显著加快；运输前平均为７５．５±４．６次／分钟，运输后平均为９９．２３±１４次／分钟（Ｐ＜０．０１）；呼吸率显著增加，运输前平均为１２．２５±３．４次／分钟．运输后平均为２４．３±３．２次／分钟．（Ｐ＜０．０１）；体温明显增高．运输前平均为３９．３±０．３℃，运输后平均为３９．９８±０．５℃（Ｐ＜０．０５）。体重耗损较大．运输前平均为８８．５±３．１ｋｇ，运输后平均为８４．７±２．５ｋｇ，耗重率平均为４．３％。病残猪为２５头（占３．４％），死亡８头（占１．１％）．共计为４．５％。     

热应激对猪繁殖的影响及降温后果

亚热带气候条件下，开放式猪舍６，７，８，９月份的月平均舍温分别达到２８．４６℃，３０．３２℃，３０．２１℃，２９．１８℃。７，８，９月份，未采取降温措施组公猪精液的精子密度、活力分别为１．３４±０．７５亿／ｍＬ和０．６１±０．２７亿／ｍＬ，采取降温措施组公猪的精子密度、活力分别为１．７０±０．９１亿／ｍＬ和０．８０±０．０９亿／ｍＬ。７月份断奶未采取降温措施的母猪受胎率为８０％、产仔数为９．１４±２．６７头、产活仔数为８．２９±２．６９头，初生窝重为１３．２１±３．８８ｋｇ，采取喷雾降温措施的母猪受胎率、产仔数、产活仔数、初生窝重分别为９４．５９％、１０．７４±２．９４头、１０．３０±２．８６头和１４．２４±２．４２ｋｇ。     

褪黑激素对门源牧场牛春季促绒生长及绒产量的影响

１９９８年３月用简易手术在供试的门源牦牛颈部皮下分别埋植含不同剂量的褪黑素药管，７周后梳绒，结果表明：２个试验组平均绒长厚度为１１．１４ｃｍ±０．６４ｃｍ，１０ｃｍ±１．１８ｃｍ，均显著高于对照组７．３ｃｍ±１．１９ｃｍ，尽管存在着颈毛自然流失现象，但试验组件绒平均产量为０．７９ｋｇ±０．０８ｋｇ，０．９１ｋｇ±０．１６ｋｇ。     

温室网库与塑料暖棚饲养分娩母猪的效果分析

在高寒地区用温室网床饲养分娩母猪,使母猪年均胎次达到２．０４胎,年均成活仔猪１７．５２头,断奶仔猪头均体重７．６９ｋｇ,成活率９６％,培育仔猪头均体重１７．１６ｋｇ,育肥期１９６天,９ｍ＾２猪舍可饲养分娩母猪４头和年均母猪纯收入７８６元,这些指标分别高塑料暖棚饲养分娩母猪０．２４胎、４．０２头、１．７６ｋｇ（Ｐ＜０．０５）、６％、０．８６ｋｇ（Ｐ＜０．０１）、－２．８天、３头和１１１元。     

笼养乌骨鸡人工授精技术的研究

我们于１９９６年４￣６月对笼养１０￣１２月龄种用乌骨鸡进行人工授精技术研究。其结果：乌骨鸡精液颜色为乳白色，射精量为０．４９±０．２３８ｍｌ；精子密度２０．３±１０．８４×１０＾８／ｍｌ；精子的畸形率（５．７９±１．６４）％。乌鸡骨精子形态与家鸽同，精子总长度为（８０．５９±３．９４）μｍ，头为弯园柱状，直径０．５μｍ，头长约８μｍ，精子头部前端为顶林，长约２μｍ，尾部（中、主、末段）长７１±２．     

癸氧喹酯干混悬剂含量测定的改进

采用高效液相色谱法测定癸氧喹酯干混悬剂的含量,在2-250μg/mL范围内,峰面积的常用对数与进样量浓度的常用对数呈良好的线性关系,R^2=1(n=5),平均回收率为99.24%~99.51%,RSD在0.05%~0.28%。此方法分析时间短,样品前处理简便、定量结果准确,重现性好,结果满意,为其质量控制提供了依据。     

商会自治的基石——商会自治规范研究

在现代法律秩序中,商会自治规范是制定法的基础和必要的补充,甚至在某些方面替代了制定法;商会自治规范主要包括商会组织规范、行为规范、惩罚规范以及争端解决规范等;其效力仅及于其内部成员;商会自治规范和制定法之间存在冲突,但也存在整合的基础。     

猪毛色遗传的研究进展

本文概述了猪的毛色类型、猪的毛色遗传模式,着重综述了猪毛色基因分子基础的研究进展,指出存在问题并就未来发展方向做了思考。     

中华人民共和国农业部公告 第267号

为贯彻落实《兽药生产质量管理规范》(简称《兽药GMP》),进一步推动兽药GMP实施进程,我部制定了《兽药生产质量管理规范检查验收办法》,现予公告。本公告自2003年6月1日起施行。附件:兽药生产质量管理规范检查验收办法二○○三年四月十日第一章 总则 第一条 为推动《兽药生产质量管理规范》(以下简称兽药GMP)的实施,规范兽药GMP检查验收工作,制定本办法。 第二条 农业部负责全国兽药GMP管理和检查验收工作;负责制修订兽药GMP检查验收管理规定;负责兽药GMP检查员队伍建设和监督管理工作,负责国际兽药贸易中GMP互认工作。 …     

鸡败血支原体垂直传播模式及其阻断方法

以国际标准强毒Ｒ株人工感染非免疫产蛋鸡,定时扑杀,分别从鼻窦、眶下孔、气管、肺、气囊、卵巢和输卵管分离ＭＧ,并收集感染鸡所产蛋分离ＭＧ。结果表明,人工感染４８小时后上、下呼吸道及肺已被全面感染,９６小时气囊已被感染,１２０小时输卵管已能分离到ＭＧ,卵巢始终分离不到ＭＧ。人工感染鸡自１４４小时便能在其所产蛋中分离出ＭＧ。药物治疗能在７２小时内消除感染,油乳剂苗则需２４天后逐渐降低蛋内ＭＧ分离率,药物卵内注射、种蛋药浴、高温处理均能杀死卵内ＭＧ,但以研制的种蛋浸泡剂药浴效果为最好。     

Comparison of 2 methods of centesis of the bursa of the biceps brachii tendon of horses

REASONS FOR PERFORMING STUDY: Centesis of the bicipital bursa using an 8.9 cm long spinal needle has been reported but the alternative of employing a 3.8 cm long hypodermic needle requires validation. OBJECTIVE: To compare the efficacy of 2 different methods of centesis of the bicipital bursa and to evaluate the usefulness of ultrasonographic imaging to determine the location of solution administered when centesis of the bursa is attempted. METHODS: For Trial 1, 6 clinicians, who had no previous experience of centesis of the bicipital bursa, attempted to inject a solution composed of an aqueous radiopaque contrast medium and physiological saline solution (PSS) into the bicipital bursae of 2/12 horses using the previously described distal approach to inject one bursa and a proximal approach to inject the contralateral bursa. The bicipital tendon and bursa were examined ultrasonographically before and after injection; and both shoulders were examined radiographically to identify the location of the medium. In Trial 2, another 6 clinicians, also with no previous experience of centesis, repeated Trial 1, using 6 horses, but the radiopaque contrast medium was mixed with air instead of PSS. RESULTS: Accuracy of centesis using the proximal approach was 39% and that of the distal approach 28%. Ultrasonographic examination of the shoulder allowed the location of solution and air to be accurately predicted in all 12 shoulders examined. CONCLUSIONS: Clinicians who have had no previous experience performing centesis of the bicipital bursa are unlikely to be successful in centesis using either approach. Radiographic examination after injecting a radiopaque contrast medium may be necessary to assess the success of centesis especially if bursal fluid is not obtained during centesis. Injecting air along with the radiopaque contrast medium provides more accurate ultrasonographic confirmation of centesis and better radiographic definition than does injection without air.     

不同样本商品蜂蜜中硒含量的测定

用硝酸和高氯酸消化蜂蜜,使硒游离出来,在微酸性环境下,硒和2,3-二氨基萘(DAN)生成有较强荧光的物质,用环己烷萃取,在激发波长378nm,荧光波长518nm处测定其荧光强度。蜂蜜中硒含量范围:0.10～0.82μg/g。表明:蜂蜜应视为天然富硒营养品。     

乳酸杆菌益生作用机制的研究进展

乳酸杆菌作为益生菌广泛用于人和动物。本文综述了乳酸杆菌改善宿主健康的机制。乳酸杆菌可通过产生抗菌物质如乳酸、过氧化氢、细菌素,或者通过竞争营养或肠道黏附位点来抑制致病菌;通过诱导黏附素的分泌或阻止细胞凋亡而增强肠道的屏障功能,从而保护肠道。文章重点讨论了乳酸杆菌表面成分（表面蛋白、脂磷壁酸和肽聚糖）与肠道受体（Ｃ型凝集素受体、Ｔｏｌｌ样受体和 Ｎｏｄ样受体）,阐述了他们结合后启动免疫调节信号,调控肠道免疫功能以发挥改善健康作用的机制。     

Effects of size of ingestively masticated fragments of plant tissues on kinetics of digestion of NDF

Ingestively masticated fragments were collected and sized via sieving. Different sizes of esophageal masticate and ruminal digesta fragments, and ground fragments of larger masticated pieces were incubated in vitro, and undigested NDF remaining at intervals of up to 168 h of incubation was determined. The ruminal age-dependent time delay (tau) for onset of digestion of NDF was positively correlated (P < 0.004) with the mean sieve aperture estimated to retain 50% of the fragments between successive sieve apertures (MRA). Degradation rate of potentially degradable NDF (PDF) and level of indigestible NDF were not related (P > 0.10) to MRA of masticated and ground fragments. Estimates of tau were positively related to MRA, with slopes of bermudagrass < corn silage < ruminal fragments of corn silage. It was concluded that fragment size-, and consequently, ruminal age-dependent onset of PDF degradation of a mixture of different fragment sizes results in an age-dependent rate of degradation of the more rapidly degrading of two subentities of PDF. Models are proposed that assume a tau before onset of simultaneous degradation of PDF from two pools characterized as having gamma-modeled age-dependency and age-constant rates. The ruminal age-dependent pool seems to be associated with the faster-degrading pool, and its rate parameter increases with range in MRA in the population of fragments. Conceptually, the ruminal age-dependent rate parameter for PDF degradation seems to represent a composite of several effects: 1) effects of the size-dependent tau; 2) range in MRA of the population of ingestively masticated fragments; and 3) subentities of PDF that degrade via more rapid age-dependent rates compared with subentities of PDF that degrade via age-constant rates. The estimated fractional rates of ruminative comminution of ingestively masticated fragments (0.060 to 0.075/h) were of a magnitude similar to the mean fractional rates of PDF digestion (0.030 to 0.085/h), which implies that ruminative comminution may be first-limiting to fractional rate of PDF digestion. The in vivo roles of ingestive and ruminative mastication of fragments on PDF degradation must be considered in any kinetic system for estimating PDF digestion in the rumen. These results and others in the literature suggest that the rate of surface area exposure rather than intrinsic chemical attributes of PDF may be first-limiting to degradation rate of PDF in vivo.