不同品种鸭的种蛋孵化性能比较

为了比较不同品种鸭的种蛋孵化性能,本试验选取福建省石狮市水禽保种中心国家水禽基因库内饲养的攸县麻鸭、麻旺鸭和三穗鸭三个蛋鸭品种,在相同的条件下孵化种蛋。孵化中对无精蛋数、死胚蛋数、受精蛋数、种蛋受精率、受精蛋孵化率、出雏数、入孵蛋孵化率等孵化性能进行统计比较。研究发现麻旺鸭种蛋孵化性能最高,三穗鸭次之,攸县麻鸭最低。     

三穗鸭:产业化建设正当时

三穗鸭是我国地方优良的畜禽品种,属蛋系麻鸭。自1982年起先后被录入《中国家禽品种志》《贵州畜禽品种志》《中国家禽地方品种资源图谱》。三穗县作为三穗鸭的泽源地和主产区,于2010年2月获得国家商标总局三穗鸭地理标志证明商标,2013年1月获得国家质监总局"三穗鸭"地理标志产品保护。三穗鸭以其年产蛋260枚的高产蛋深受人们喜爱,由于其肉质细嫩、味美鲜香、属高蛋白低脂肪产品,其鸭肉也具有很高的开发价值,是鸭类高端产品的宝贵资源,深受生产者     

蛋重对蛋鸭孵化效果的影响

将三个品种(攸县麻鸭、麻旺鸭和三穗鸭)种鸭蛋按蛋重各分5个组在相同的条件下孵化,研究蛋重对不同品种孵化效果的影响。结果表明,种蛋受精率和入孵蛋孵化率:攸县麻鸭蛋重在65~73 g最高,麻旺鸭蛋重在66~70 g最高,三穗鸭蛋重在66~74 g最高,种蛋过重或过轻均不利于种蛋孵化。胚胎死亡率:攸县麻鸭在蛋重61~65 g最低,三穗鸭在蛋重小于62 g时最低,麻旺鸭在蛋重小于58 g时最低,攸县麻鸭种蛋重量适中有利于胚胎成活,三穗鸭和麻旺鸭种蛋重量较轻时有利于胚胎成活。     

三穗鸭品种特性概述及产业发展现状与对策

三穗鸭是我国地方优良畜禽品种,中国地方名鸭之一。早在1982年就被录入了《中国家禽品种志》,1993年三穗鸭被列入《贵州畜禽品种志》,2003年被收入《中国家禽地方品种资源图谱》,素有“鸭乡”之称。三穗鸭以其产蛋多、牧饲力强、肉质细嫩、味美鲜香、胆固醇低而闻名于省内外,深受广大消费者的青睐,是具有鲜明特色的优势畜禽品种。     

三穗鸭

三穗鸭是贵州省优良的地方小型蛋用种麻鸭,它以生长快、早熟、产蛋多、适应性强、宜于放牧饲养的粗放条件下具有高生产性能而著称。一、品种形成与分布三穗鸭产于贵州省东部的三穗县,属黔东低中山向湘西低山丘陵过渡地带的低中丘陵河谷盆地、“坝子”较多。地势西南高而东北低,海拨610米。气候温和,年平均温度摄氏14.9度,年降雨量1148.4毫米,雨季集中在五、六、七三个月。无霜期275天,年日照总时数为1255小时,相对湿度83％,属亚热带气候区。     

“现代鸭孵化设备专家研讨会”在青岛召开

由电子部４１所及浙江、四川、福建等水禽主产区家禽业协会联合举办的“现代鸭孵化设备专家研讨会”于２０００年１月７日～８日在青岛兴仪电子设备有限公司召开。部分高校、科研院所以及国内一些知名鸭企业集团的代表３０多人参加了会议。会议由４１所经营中心钟希铭主任主持 ,４１所吴申贤所长致欢迎词 ,浙江省家禽业协会吴金先会长致开幕词 ,中国家禽业协会黄松滨副会长出席会议并作了讲话。围绕现代鸭孵化设备 ,４１所技术处张红卫、靳传道、殷翔分别作了“依爱孵化设备发展方向”、“鸭孵化设备与工艺”、“现代鸭孵化设备的新技术和新…     

贵州三穗鸭产业循环发展模式初探

三穗鸭产业是贵州省的特色优势产业,是促进农民增收、提升县域经济发展速度的突破口,但随着三穗鸭产业化稳步发展,三穗鸭数量的快速增加,所产生的废弃物给环境带来了巨大压力,必须将"循环经济"的发展理念引入产业发展过程之中。文章对贵州三穗鸭产业循环发展模式进行了探讨,并提出了发展对策。     

浅论贵州麻鸭品种的类型形成及划分

通过贵州麻鸭品种资源调查，在麻鸭产区，黔东南、铜仁、遵义、兴义、安顺等地县，实测和观察麻鸭共2050羽，蛋的品质分析1624枚，收集了数据23080余个，进行了整理与分析，用“生态分类法”“表形分类法”以及贵州麻鸭血清蛋白质遗传多态性的研究，认为贵州麻鸭类型可分为两个类型。以兴义鸭为代表的肉蛋兼用型麻鸭；以三穗鸭为代表的蛋用型麻鸭（印江鸭，因自然地理隔离，毛色一致，体型小，其它性状与三穗鸭极为相似，属三穗鸭的一个品群）。三穗鸭是我国我省的优良地方品种资源，应建立良种繁育体系，采取有效的保护措施，为不断提高品种数量与质量，在麻鸭产区形成产业化生产，适应现代化养禽业发展的需要。     

“三穗鸭”兴衰的启示:必须走产业化道路

三穗鸭又称三穗麻鸭，是我国五大蛋系地方优良品种之一。三穗鸭主要产于三穗及周边县市境内，它以生长快、成熟早、产蛋多、觅食力强、耐粗放、肉质细嫩、味道鲜香而闻名海内外。贵州三穗县是三穗鸭的泽源地和主产区，鸭源丰富，自然条件优越，群众养鸭历史悠久。稻田坝区...     

贵州省地方鸡种资源的研究及其保护和利用

贵州省地方鸡种资源丰富，据1980—1985年全省畜禽品种资源调查结果，编入《贵州省畜禽品种志》的地方禽种有11个，其中本地品种9个(竹乡鸡、威宁鸡、黔东小香鸡、高脚鸡、矮脚鸡、三穗鸭、兴义鸭、天柱番鸭、平扒灰鹅)；培育鸡种2个(贵州黄鸡、贵农金黄鸡)。近年来贵州地区乃至全国范围     

癸氧喹酯干混悬剂含量测定的改进

采用高效液相色谱法测定癸氧喹酯干混悬剂的含量,在2-250μg/mL范围内,峰面积的常用对数与进样量浓度的常用对数呈良好的线性关系,R^2=1(n=5),平均回收率为99.24%~99.51%,RSD在0.05%~0.28%。此方法分析时间短,样品前处理简便、定量结果准确,重现性好,结果满意,为其质量控制提供了依据。     

商会自治的基石——商会自治规范研究

在现代法律秩序中,商会自治规范是制定法的基础和必要的补充,甚至在某些方面替代了制定法;商会自治规范主要包括商会组织规范、行为规范、惩罚规范以及争端解决规范等;其效力仅及于其内部成员;商会自治规范和制定法之间存在冲突,但也存在整合的基础。     

猪毛色遗传的研究进展

本文概述了猪的毛色类型、猪的毛色遗传模式,着重综述了猪毛色基因分子基础的研究进展,指出存在问题并就未来发展方向做了思考。     

中华人民共和国农业部公告 第267号

为贯彻落实《兽药生产质量管理规范》(简称《兽药GMP》),进一步推动兽药GMP实施进程,我部制定了《兽药生产质量管理规范检查验收办法》,现予公告。本公告自2003年6月1日起施行。附件:兽药生产质量管理规范检查验收办法二○○三年四月十日第一章 总则 第一条 为推动《兽药生产质量管理规范》(以下简称兽药GMP)的实施,规范兽药GMP检查验收工作,制定本办法。 第二条 农业部负责全国兽药GMP管理和检查验收工作;负责制修订兽药GMP检查验收管理规定;负责兽药GMP检查员队伍建设和监督管理工作,负责国际兽药贸易中GMP互认工作。 …     

鸡败血支原体垂直传播模式及其阻断方法

以国际标准强毒Ｒ株人工感染非免疫产蛋鸡,定时扑杀,分别从鼻窦、眶下孔、气管、肺、气囊、卵巢和输卵管分离ＭＧ,并收集感染鸡所产蛋分离ＭＧ。结果表明,人工感染４８小时后上、下呼吸道及肺已被全面感染,９６小时气囊已被感染,１２０小时输卵管已能分离到ＭＧ,卵巢始终分离不到ＭＧ。人工感染鸡自１４４小时便能在其所产蛋中分离出ＭＧ。药物治疗能在７２小时内消除感染,油乳剂苗则需２４天后逐渐降低蛋内ＭＧ分离率,药物卵内注射、种蛋药浴、高温处理均能杀死卵内ＭＧ,但以研制的种蛋浸泡剂药浴效果为最好。     

Comparison of 2 methods of centesis of the bursa of the biceps brachii tendon of horses

REASONS FOR PERFORMING STUDY: Centesis of the bicipital bursa using an 8.9 cm long spinal needle has been reported but the alternative of employing a 3.8 cm long hypodermic needle requires validation. OBJECTIVE: To compare the efficacy of 2 different methods of centesis of the bicipital bursa and to evaluate the usefulness of ultrasonographic imaging to determine the location of solution administered when centesis of the bursa is attempted. METHODS: For Trial 1, 6 clinicians, who had no previous experience of centesis of the bicipital bursa, attempted to inject a solution composed of an aqueous radiopaque contrast medium and physiological saline solution (PSS) into the bicipital bursae of 2/12 horses using the previously described distal approach to inject one bursa and a proximal approach to inject the contralateral bursa. The bicipital tendon and bursa were examined ultrasonographically before and after injection; and both shoulders were examined radiographically to identify the location of the medium. In Trial 2, another 6 clinicians, also with no previous experience of centesis, repeated Trial 1, using 6 horses, but the radiopaque contrast medium was mixed with air instead of PSS. RESULTS: Accuracy of centesis using the proximal approach was 39% and that of the distal approach 28%. Ultrasonographic examination of the shoulder allowed the location of solution and air to be accurately predicted in all 12 shoulders examined. CONCLUSIONS: Clinicians who have had no previous experience performing centesis of the bicipital bursa are unlikely to be successful in centesis using either approach. Radiographic examination after injecting a radiopaque contrast medium may be necessary to assess the success of centesis especially if bursal fluid is not obtained during centesis. Injecting air along with the radiopaque contrast medium provides more accurate ultrasonographic confirmation of centesis and better radiographic definition than does injection without air.     

不同样本商品蜂蜜中硒含量的测定

用硝酸和高氯酸消化蜂蜜,使硒游离出来,在微酸性环境下,硒和2,3-二氨基萘(DAN)生成有较强荧光的物质,用环己烷萃取,在激发波长378nm,荧光波长518nm处测定其荧光强度。蜂蜜中硒含量范围:0.10～0.82μg/g。表明:蜂蜜应视为天然富硒营养品。     

乳酸杆菌益生作用机制的研究进展

乳酸杆菌作为益生菌广泛用于人和动物。本文综述了乳酸杆菌改善宿主健康的机制。乳酸杆菌可通过产生抗菌物质如乳酸、过氧化氢、细菌素,或者通过竞争营养或肠道黏附位点来抑制致病菌;通过诱导黏附素的分泌或阻止细胞凋亡而增强肠道的屏障功能,从而保护肠道。文章重点讨论了乳酸杆菌表面成分（表面蛋白、脂磷壁酸和肽聚糖）与肠道受体（Ｃ型凝集素受体、Ｔｏｌｌ样受体和 Ｎｏｄ样受体）,阐述了他们结合后启动免疫调节信号,调控肠道免疫功能以发挥改善健康作用的机制。     

Effects of size of ingestively masticated fragments of plant tissues on kinetics of digestion of NDF

Ingestively masticated fragments were collected and sized via sieving. Different sizes of esophageal masticate and ruminal digesta fragments, and ground fragments of larger masticated pieces were incubated in vitro, and undigested NDF remaining at intervals of up to 168 h of incubation was determined. The ruminal age-dependent time delay (tau) for onset of digestion of NDF was positively correlated (P < 0.004) with the mean sieve aperture estimated to retain 50% of the fragments between successive sieve apertures (MRA). Degradation rate of potentially degradable NDF (PDF) and level of indigestible NDF were not related (P > 0.10) to MRA of masticated and ground fragments. Estimates of tau were positively related to MRA, with slopes of bermudagrass < corn silage < ruminal fragments of corn silage. It was concluded that fragment size-, and consequently, ruminal age-dependent onset of PDF degradation of a mixture of different fragment sizes results in an age-dependent rate of degradation of the more rapidly degrading of two subentities of PDF. Models are proposed that assume a tau before onset of simultaneous degradation of PDF from two pools characterized as having gamma-modeled age-dependency and age-constant rates. The ruminal age-dependent pool seems to be associated with the faster-degrading pool, and its rate parameter increases with range in MRA in the population of fragments. Conceptually, the ruminal age-dependent rate parameter for PDF degradation seems to represent a composite of several effects: 1) effects of the size-dependent tau; 2) range in MRA of the population of ingestively masticated fragments; and 3) subentities of PDF that degrade via more rapid age-dependent rates compared with subentities of PDF that degrade via age-constant rates. The estimated fractional rates of ruminative comminution of ingestively masticated fragments (0.060 to 0.075/h) were of a magnitude similar to the mean fractional rates of PDF digestion (0.030 to 0.085/h), which implies that ruminative comminution may be first-limiting to fractional rate of PDF digestion. The in vivo roles of ingestive and ruminative mastication of fragments on PDF degradation must be considered in any kinetic system for estimating PDF digestion in the rumen. These results and others in the literature suggest that the rate of surface area exposure rather than intrinsic chemical attributes of PDF may be first-limiting to degradation rate of PDF in vivo.