东北草食畜牧业发展途经研究

利用遥感信息,GIS技术分析了东北土地资源,结合统计资料,研究了东北草食牲畜发展的关联要素,并根据粗饲料的主体来源和饲养方式,总结了草食牲畜生产模式.根据植被类型和草地、农田、林地的比例,对草食牲畜生产模式进行了区划.东北草地资源匮乏,草食牲畜发展能力饱和,草食畜牧业的发展空间和潜力在农区和林区.草地畜牧业区,发展草食牲畜的潜力在于发展高产饲料作物,并提高饲养效率;秸秆畜牧业区、草地-秸秆畜牧业区、林地-秸秆畜牧业区,草食牲畜发展的潜力是充分利用粗饲料资源,发展数量型畜牧业,在此基础上提高出生率、生长率、出栏率、产肉率,发展效益型草食畜牧业.     

对湖北省草食畜牧业发展的战略思考

草食畜牧业是以牛羊生产为主的畜牧业,主要产品包括肉、奶、毛、皮等。改革开放以来,我国草食畜牧业得到了迅速的发展,从过去以牧区为主的草食畜牧业发展到如今以农区为主的草食畜牧业,从传统放牧型畜牧业到如今的集约化、规模化、产业化畜牧业。我国人口众多,发展草食畜牧业是增加畜产品供给,节省谷物消费,保证粮食安全的重要战略选择。本刊特邀湖北省畜牧兽医局高级畜牧师郭安国就湖北省草食畜牧业的发展现状、机遇等进行了分析,并提出了实现湖北省草食畜牧业跨越式发展的目标任务及措施。     

建始县草食畜牧业调研报告

通过对建始县草食畜牧业的专题调研,基本摸清了建始县草食畜牧业的发展现状,系统分析了建始县草食畜牧业的的发展潜力和制约因素,科学提出了转变畜牧业发展方式、发展状大草食牧业的对策和措施。     

草食畜牧业发展的模式思考

草食畜牧业是我国畜牧业发展的主力之一,草食畜牧业通过综合利用非常规饲料,提高农业和工业废弃物资源利用率。其产业发展能够促进农业结构化改革的进度。本文对草食畜牧业的发展形势和发展模式进行了认真的总结和梳理,为草食畜牧业的健康发展提供参考。     

天水市草食畜牧业发展现状和对策

发展草食畜牧业是建立生态农业系统的一项重要任务,是优化畜牧产业结构,提高畜牧业综合效益的重要途径。近几年来,天水市委、市政府把发展草食畜牧业作为建设“畜牧大市,草业强市”的突破口来抓,使草食畜牧业有了较快发展,以牛羊为主的草食畜牧业基地基本建成。认真分析我市草食畜牧业的现状,制定发展对策,     

甘肃省草食畜牧业发展和秸秆资源利用现状与分析

通过分析甘肃省草食畜牧业发展现状和农作物秸秆资源利用现状,为探寻未来草食畜牧业发展方向和农作物秸秆资源充分利用的新途径,为草食畜牧业的可持续发展提供一定的参考。对2015年草食畜牧业发展进行了前景展望。     

结合山区实际,大力发展草食畜牧业

通过对梅州山区实际情况的调查分析 ,明确在发展草食畜牧业方面的优势 ,提出发展的对策。即转变观念、坚定发展草食畜牧业的信心 ;因地制宜 ,选准项目 ;建立发展草食畜牧业的良好机制 ;以科技为动力、推动草食畜牧业的发展     

甘肃省草食畜牧业发展战略分析

草食畜牧业是甘肃省特色产业,是农业部门重要的产业构成。立足甘肃省功能区具体要求,甘肃省草食畜牧业发展应充分考虑其外在环境,包括政策环境、产业环境及生态环境。文章从草食畜牧业经营主体及主要产品两个方面分析了甘肃省草食畜牧业发展的具体要求,进而对草食畜牧业进行战略分析。最后,提出加快发展甘肃省草食畜牧业的对策,为建设现代畜牧业服务。     

山区草食畜牧业饲草解决方案探讨

山区县市具有草食畜牧业发展的天然优势,而草食畜牧业的发展关键取决于饲草问题是否得到解决,只有这个问题解决好了,草食畜牧业的发展才有根本保障.在有良好放牧草场的基础上,通过种草和秸秆微贮解决越冬饲草以及平时饲草不足的问题,不添加任何添加剂的生态饲养,是山区草食畜牧业可持续发展的基本方向,也能满足人们健康肉食品的基本追求,并带来养殖户的良好经济效益.     

贵州省遵义市草食畜牧业发展现状与优势分析

遵义市拥有丰富的饲草饲料和草食畜禽资源,经过多年的发展,当地草食畜牧业的生产发展水平、规模化程度、良种繁育体系、疾病防控体系、牛羊加工及市场销售体系、品牌建设等均取得了显著的成绩。笔者介绍了遵义市草食畜牧业的发展现状,分析了发展草食畜牧业的优势,提出了促进草食畜牧业发展的建议,旨在为促进当地草食畜牧业发展提供参考。     

癸氧喹酯干混悬剂含量测定的改进

采用高效液相色谱法测定癸氧喹酯干混悬剂的含量,在2-250μg/mL范围内,峰面积的常用对数与进样量浓度的常用对数呈良好的线性关系,R^2=1(n=5),平均回收率为99.24%~99.51%,RSD在0.05%~0.28%。此方法分析时间短,样品前处理简便、定量结果准确,重现性好,结果满意,为其质量控制提供了依据。     

商会自治的基石——商会自治规范研究

在现代法律秩序中,商会自治规范是制定法的基础和必要的补充,甚至在某些方面替代了制定法;商会自治规范主要包括商会组织规范、行为规范、惩罚规范以及争端解决规范等;其效力仅及于其内部成员;商会自治规范和制定法之间存在冲突,但也存在整合的基础。     

猪毛色遗传的研究进展

本文概述了猪的毛色类型、猪的毛色遗传模式,着重综述了猪毛色基因分子基础的研究进展,指出存在问题并就未来发展方向做了思考。     

中华人民共和国农业部公告 第267号

为贯彻落实《兽药生产质量管理规范》(简称《兽药GMP》),进一步推动兽药GMP实施进程,我部制定了《兽药生产质量管理规范检查验收办法》,现予公告。本公告自2003年6月1日起施行。附件:兽药生产质量管理规范检查验收办法二○○三年四月十日第一章 总则 第一条 为推动《兽药生产质量管理规范》(以下简称兽药GMP)的实施,规范兽药GMP检查验收工作,制定本办法。 第二条 农业部负责全国兽药GMP管理和检查验收工作;负责制修订兽药GMP检查验收管理规定;负责兽药GMP检查员队伍建设和监督管理工作,负责国际兽药贸易中GMP互认工作。 …     

鸡败血支原体垂直传播模式及其阻断方法

以国际标准强毒Ｒ株人工感染非免疫产蛋鸡,定时扑杀,分别从鼻窦、眶下孔、气管、肺、气囊、卵巢和输卵管分离ＭＧ,并收集感染鸡所产蛋分离ＭＧ。结果表明,人工感染４８小时后上、下呼吸道及肺已被全面感染,９６小时气囊已被感染,１２０小时输卵管已能分离到ＭＧ,卵巢始终分离不到ＭＧ。人工感染鸡自１４４小时便能在其所产蛋中分离出ＭＧ。药物治疗能在７２小时内消除感染,油乳剂苗则需２４天后逐渐降低蛋内ＭＧ分离率,药物卵内注射、种蛋药浴、高温处理均能杀死卵内ＭＧ,但以研制的种蛋浸泡剂药浴效果为最好。     

Comparison of 2 methods of centesis of the bursa of the biceps brachii tendon of horses

REASONS FOR PERFORMING STUDY: Centesis of the bicipital bursa using an 8.9 cm long spinal needle has been reported but the alternative of employing a 3.8 cm long hypodermic needle requires validation. OBJECTIVE: To compare the efficacy of 2 different methods of centesis of the bicipital bursa and to evaluate the usefulness of ultrasonographic imaging to determine the location of solution administered when centesis of the bursa is attempted. METHODS: For Trial 1, 6 clinicians, who had no previous experience of centesis of the bicipital bursa, attempted to inject a solution composed of an aqueous radiopaque contrast medium and physiological saline solution (PSS) into the bicipital bursae of 2/12 horses using the previously described distal approach to inject one bursa and a proximal approach to inject the contralateral bursa. The bicipital tendon and bursa were examined ultrasonographically before and after injection; and both shoulders were examined radiographically to identify the location of the medium. In Trial 2, another 6 clinicians, also with no previous experience of centesis, repeated Trial 1, using 6 horses, but the radiopaque contrast medium was mixed with air instead of PSS. RESULTS: Accuracy of centesis using the proximal approach was 39% and that of the distal approach 28%. Ultrasonographic examination of the shoulder allowed the location of solution and air to be accurately predicted in all 12 shoulders examined. CONCLUSIONS: Clinicians who have had no previous experience performing centesis of the bicipital bursa are unlikely to be successful in centesis using either approach. Radiographic examination after injecting a radiopaque contrast medium may be necessary to assess the success of centesis especially if bursal fluid is not obtained during centesis. Injecting air along with the radiopaque contrast medium provides more accurate ultrasonographic confirmation of centesis and better radiographic definition than does injection without air.     

不同样本商品蜂蜜中硒含量的测定

用硝酸和高氯酸消化蜂蜜,使硒游离出来,在微酸性环境下,硒和2,3-二氨基萘(DAN)生成有较强荧光的物质,用环己烷萃取,在激发波长378nm,荧光波长518nm处测定其荧光强度。蜂蜜中硒含量范围:0.10～0.82μg/g。表明:蜂蜜应视为天然富硒营养品。     

乳酸杆菌益生作用机制的研究进展

乳酸杆菌作为益生菌广泛用于人和动物。本文综述了乳酸杆菌改善宿主健康的机制。乳酸杆菌可通过产生抗菌物质如乳酸、过氧化氢、细菌素,或者通过竞争营养或肠道黏附位点来抑制致病菌;通过诱导黏附素的分泌或阻止细胞凋亡而增强肠道的屏障功能,从而保护肠道。文章重点讨论了乳酸杆菌表面成分（表面蛋白、脂磷壁酸和肽聚糖）与肠道受体（Ｃ型凝集素受体、Ｔｏｌｌ样受体和 Ｎｏｄ样受体）,阐述了他们结合后启动免疫调节信号,调控肠道免疫功能以发挥改善健康作用的机制。     

Effects of size of ingestively masticated fragments of plant tissues on kinetics of digestion of NDF

Ingestively masticated fragments were collected and sized via sieving. Different sizes of esophageal masticate and ruminal digesta fragments, and ground fragments of larger masticated pieces were incubated in vitro, and undigested NDF remaining at intervals of up to 168 h of incubation was determined. The ruminal age-dependent time delay (tau) for onset of digestion of NDF was positively correlated (P < 0.004) with the mean sieve aperture estimated to retain 50% of the fragments between successive sieve apertures (MRA). Degradation rate of potentially degradable NDF (PDF) and level of indigestible NDF were not related (P > 0.10) to MRA of masticated and ground fragments. Estimates of tau were positively related to MRA, with slopes of bermudagrass < corn silage < ruminal fragments of corn silage. It was concluded that fragment size-, and consequently, ruminal age-dependent onset of PDF degradation of a mixture of different fragment sizes results in an age-dependent rate of degradation of the more rapidly degrading of two subentities of PDF. Models are proposed that assume a tau before onset of simultaneous degradation of PDF from two pools characterized as having gamma-modeled age-dependency and age-constant rates. The ruminal age-dependent pool seems to be associated with the faster-degrading pool, and its rate parameter increases with range in MRA in the population of fragments. Conceptually, the ruminal age-dependent rate parameter for PDF degradation seems to represent a composite of several effects: 1) effects of the size-dependent tau; 2) range in MRA of the population of ingestively masticated fragments; and 3) subentities of PDF that degrade via more rapid age-dependent rates compared with subentities of PDF that degrade via age-constant rates. The estimated fractional rates of ruminative comminution of ingestively masticated fragments (0.060 to 0.075/h) were of a magnitude similar to the mean fractional rates of PDF digestion (0.030 to 0.085/h), which implies that ruminative comminution may be first-limiting to fractional rate of PDF digestion. The in vivo roles of ingestive and ruminative mastication of fragments on PDF degradation must be considered in any kinetic system for estimating PDF digestion in the rumen. These results and others in the literature suggest that the rate of surface area exposure rather than intrinsic chemical attributes of PDF may be first-limiting to degradation rate of PDF in vivo.