东北马鹿发情规律和输精方法的探讨

东北马鹿母鹿发情时交配欲较强。但其外阴部及精神变化不甚明显;发情季节的初期和中期约有10%左右母鹿表现安静发情;发情时接受公鹿爬跨时间为10多个小时;排卵时间在发情停止后3～12小时;发情周期为12.7±3.4天。给母鹿输精时,采用夹板式吊圈站立保定;施直肠把握子宫颈深部输精法比用麻醉倒卧、开膣器输精法输精安全、可靠、速度快。人工授精受胎率88—89两年平均为57.5%。比同期自然受胎率(27.1～48.9%)高。     

The pathogenesis of experimental Haemonchus longistipes infection in camels

The pathogenesis and clinical signs of Haemonchus longistipes infection were studied in four experimentally infected camels two of which were adults and the other two were young. In the former animals, an acute infection developed, characterized by mucoid diarrhoea, anorexia, anaemia, loss of body weight, oedema of the lower parts of the limbs, general malaise and death at 8-10 weeks post-infection. In the two younger camels, a less dramatic disease was encountered with less severe symptoms and no oedema, but also terminating fatally at 19-20 weeks post-infection. Parasitological, haematological and biochemical parameters were determined during the course of the infection and were mostly comparable with those usually encountered in haemonchosis of other animals.     

无声的危机--荒漠化与草原退化

阐述了荒漠化与草原退化的概念，成因及相互关系，强调指出绿洲周围的“两化”，除过牧，过垦，过伐等因素外，主要是水资源减少所致；提出了以荒漠型，盐渍型，黑土滩型，毒杂草型等为代表的草原退化的主要类型，并认为荒漠化与草原退化是无声的危机，威胁着人们的生存与发展，而荒漠化危害首当其冲的是草原，要防治荒漠化首先要防止草原退化。     

松嫩平原羊草,虎尾草群落钠元素分布特征的比较研究

本文分析了松嫩平原羊草（Aneurolepidiumchinense）群落、虎尾草（Chlorisvirgata）群落钠元素在植物体及土壤中的分布特征及季节动态。结果表明，虎尾草体内钠含量明显高于羊草，两种植物地上部钠含量均高个地下部。两群落土壤水溶性、交换性钠含量均为春、秋季较高，夏季较低。表层土壤水溶性钠最高含量分别为5．09和7.61cmol·kg-1，交换性钠含量分别为7.33和13．21cmol·kg-1，垂直分布均为上高下低，虎尾草群落土壤各层的含量均高于羊草群落。羊草、虎尾草体内钠贮量变化均呈单峰型，与生物量呈极显著直线相关。     

桑属植物细胞遗传学的研究——Ⅱ.四个桑品种的核型分析

采用火焰于燥、Giemsa染色法制备染色体标本,对桑属的育104号(白桑)、沙2(广东桑)、强兵(瑞穗桑)、雅安7号(鸡桑)进行了核型分析.结果表明,沙2、育104号的核型公式是2n=2x=28=24m+4sm,强兵的核型公式是2n=2x=28=26m+2sm;雅安7号的核型公式为2n=3x=42=39m+3sm.育104号与沙2的核型相近.可归为同一类,强兵和雅安7号属于另一类.     

Failure to detect luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone-like bioactivity in fluid of preovulatory ovine follicles

To determine if a luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone (LH-RH)-like substance accumulates in fluid of follicles destined to ovulate, we obtained the fluid component of preovulatory ovine follicles at various times before, during, and after the endogenous surge in pituitary secretion of LH. The fraction of follicular fluid suspected of containing LH-RH was isolated by reverse-phase column chromatography. Luteinizing hormone releasing activity of the preparation was ascertained using an anterior pituitary cell bioassay of high sensitivity. In no instance was activity of a peptide similar to LH-RH revealed in fluid obtained from preovulatory follicles of ewes.     

盐胁迫下星星草幼苗的生理反应──Ⅰ．盐胁迫对星星草幼苗生长的影响

用模拟松嫩草地碱化土壤离子组成配制的混合盐溶液处理星星草幼苗，测定了长度和鲜重的变化。盐胁迫对星星草（Ｐｕｃｃｉｎｅｌｌｉａｔｅｎｕｉｆｌｏｒａ）幼苗长度增长的抑制作用是地上部略强于地下部，而对于鲜重增长的抑制作用是地下部略强于地上部。     

桑果破碎机的结构及工作原理

本阐述了最新研制的桑果破碎机的主要结构、工作原理、性能和操作技术,为桑果汁的开发创造了机械化的加工工具。     

Economic Impacts of the U.S. Gulf of Mexico Recreational For-Hire Fishing Industry

IMPLAN Version 3.0 was used with a 2008 IMPLAN data package to estimate the economic impacts of the recreational for-hire (RFH) fishing industry in the U.S. Gulf of Mexico (GOM). Initial, direct, indirect, and induced impacts were estimated. Impacts were estimated for head, charter, and guide boat operations for Texas, Louisiana, Mississippi, and Alabama (combined), and West Florida as individual state models, while introducing multiregional spillover effects that account for regional linkages between states. These updated data are necessary to meet national standards set forth by the Magnuson-Stevens Act, such that social and economic ramifications of proposed federal fishing regulations in the GOM can be made part of the overall decision- and policymaking process.     

鸡传染性法氏囊病野毒株的分离鉴定及河北弱毒株培育的研究

从河北省６个地区鸡传染性法氏囊病（ＩＢＤ）的鸡群中，分离到６株强毒，均能使易感鸡３６小时发病并死亡，发病率达６０～１００％，死亡率１０～７０％。人工感染鸡能见到与野外病例相同的病变。经血清学试验、鸡胚接种、电镜观察均证明，分离物为传染性法氏囊病毒（ＩＢＤＶ），其中有的毒株，毒力非常强。利用其中毒力最强的１株病毒，经鸡胚多次传代培养育成１株免疫原性好，免疫期长，免疫效果容易监测的弱毒株，经野外试验证明，该毒株是防治ＩＢＤ的一个很理想的毒株。     

仔猪断奶日龄及阶段饲喂体系

阐述仔猪不同断奶日龄及相应阶段饲喂体系的实施依据和应用现状，重点分析不同断奶日龄及相应阶段饲喂体系的利弊。     

因地制宜开展区域规划合理利用天然草地资源

天然草地既能为草食动物提供饲草资源,又是畜牧业发展的基础之一。南阳市天然草地资源面积大、种类多、产量高,但也存在着保护不力、利用不充分和不平衡等问题。迫切需要根据南阳市的气候、地形、地貌和草地类型等特点进行区划,为科学利用草地资源,保障生态环境稳定,促进现代草地畜牧业的持续发展提供依据。     

日粮铁缺乏对肉仔鸡机体抗氧化功能影响的研究

１日龄艾维茵肉仔鸡１００只,随机分为２组,每组设有重复,自由采食以玉米、淀粉、葡萄糖和大豆分离蛋白为主日粮,日粮中分别添加０（铁缺乏组）和１１０ｍｇ／ｋｇ铁（对照组）,饮用去离子水,分别于１和１４日龄皮下接种ＨＶＴ冻干苗、７和１４日龄滴鼻接种Ｌａｓｏｔａ系冻干苗。试验结果表明,肉仔鸡疫苗接种及饲养管理同前。铁缺乏组与对照组相比：４２日龄肝脏、胸腺、脾脏和法氏囊中过氧化氢酶（ＣＡＴ）活性显著降低（Ｐ＜０．０５）、肝脏、胸腺和脾脏中谷胱甘肽过氯化物酶（ＧＳＨ－Ｐｘ）活性显著降低（Ｐ＜０．０５）;４２日龄肝脏、胸腺、脾脏和法氏囊中脂质过氧化物（ＬＰＯ）含量显著升高（Ｐ＜０．０５）。铁营养状况与机体抗氧化功能密切相关,日粮铁缺乏机体抗氧化功能降低。     

Control of small ruminant brucellosis by use of Brucella melitensis Rev.1 vaccine: laboratory aspects and field observations

Brucellosis vaccines are essential elements in control programs. Since first developed in the mid-1950s, the Brucella melitensis vaccine strain Rev.1 has been used worldwide and its significant value in protecting sheep and goats in endemic areas recognized. This review provides historical background on the development of the vaccine, its use and field complications arising in Israel following changes in the strain’s pathogenicity. The urgent need for resolving cases of vaccine strain excretion in the milk, horizontal transfer and a unique case of human infection has led to identification of an atypical B. melitensis biovar 1 strain that resembles strain Rev.1 in susceptibility to penicillin and dyes. An omp2 based PCR method has been developed that traced the lineage of Israeli B. melitensis biovar 1 strains. This locus serves as an epidemiological tag for the Rev.1 vaccine strain. Despite the rapid development of new approaches in the field of vaccination, it is anticipated that in the near future the Rev.1 vaccine would remain the only accepted vaccine in national control programs.     

无籽刺梨染色体数目观察

以无籽刺梨组培苗根尖为材料，探讨其染色体制片技术。结果表明，无籽刺梨根尖在常温下用0.003mol/L8-羟基喹啉溶液预处理6-8h或0.004mol/L8-羟基喹啉溶液预处理4-6h后，在预冷的卡诺固定液（冰醋酸：无水乙醇=3:1中）0℃下处理15min，经95%乙醇:15% Hcl=1:1的解离液处理5min或无水乙醇:36-38% Hcl=1:1处理6min，然后用卡宝品红染色15或20min，其镜检效果较佳；无籽刺梨的染色体数目为2n=2x=14。无籽刺梨染色体制片技术研究及其染色体数目的确定对其遗传改良工作有着重要的意义。     

检测实验动物弓形虫感染的两种PCR方法的建立和比较

为了建立敏感、稳定、特异的PCR检测体系，用于实验动物弓形虫感染的检测。采用B1基因设计引物，建立常规PCR，用P30基因设计引物，建立巢式PCR；用两种PCR方法检测实验感染弓形虫小鼠血液和腹腔波中的DNA动态变化；用巢式PCR检测自然状态下的普通级豚鼠、教学和科研用兔的弓形虫感染率，并和常规PCR检到结果比较。结果，巢式PCR可检测到1fgDNA含量，比常规PCR敏感lOO倍；对其他微生物DNA无交叉现象，特异性强；对同一样品重复检测3次，阴、阳性结果一致，稳定性好。小鼠感染弓形虫2d后，巢式PCR对小民腹腔液的阳性检出率为83．3％，对血液的阳性检出率为33．3％；感染3d后，腹腔液阳性检出率为100％；而常规PCR在小鼠感染3d和4d后才能在腹腔液和血液中检测到，检出率各为16．7％。受检普通级豚鼠没有感染弓形虫，教学和科研用兔的弓形虫总感染率为14．3％。结论认为，巢式PCR方法可用于实验动物弓形虫早期感染的检测，具有敏感性高、特务性强、稳定性好的特点。     

Effects of various mating stimuli on pituitary release of luteinizing hormone in the gilt

Twenty-four nulliparous crossbred gilts approximately 9 months of age were assigned to either a naturally mated (NM), artificially inseminated (Al) or non-mated control group (C). All gilts were fitted with indwelling cephalic cannulas for collection of blood samples for subsequent hormonal analyses every 10 min for the first 24 hr of the periestrous period. Plasma luteinizing hormone (LH) concentrations were not affected by type of mating. The mean duration of the LH surge for Al group was less than the C or NM groups (44.5 vs 67 and 87 hr (P<.05)). Mean maximal LH concentrations for the Al and NM groups occurred prior to the control group (P> 05). Area under the LH release curve and number of episodic surges were not different for the three treatments. Length of standing estrus and exposure time to back pressure were not different among treatment groups.The results suggest that stimulation of the pelvic region during either natural mating or artificial insemination did not enhance release of LH. Mated gilts did exhibit different secretory patterns of LH release than non-mated gilts.     

家蚕微粒子病血清学检验技术的研究 Ⅲ—N.b碳素凝集反应用于原种母蛾检微

对700个母蛾用N.b碳素凝集反应法进行检微,碳检检出率为95.45%,对检的镜检检出率为22.72%.碳、镜检检出率的比值是4.2倍(即碳检有微数>镜检有微数);碳检发生的阳性反应样品,再用显微镜复检有微吻合率达100%,准确性大,误判率为零.检出微孢灵敏度高,最高N.b浓度是7.5×10~6个/ml,最低N.b浓度是2.5×10~3个/ml,可视为碳检700个母蛾批的检微浓度范围,以上数据证实用N.b致敏碳素检查母蛾微孢是可行的.     

化隆县草地管理及其做法

根据《中华人民共和国草原法》和青海省实施《中华人民共和国草原法》细则等有关法律法规的规定,结合化隆县草地面积大,草地类型丰富,界线权属不明确,草原承包工作难度大,超载放牧,草地鼠害严重,毒杂草多的问题,探讨了适宜化隆县草原管理的途径:成立乡镇草原管理委员会,核定草场合理载畜量,以草定畜,实行封山育草、人工种草和退耕还草等草原建设管理对策。     

青海蒲公英属植物的经济价值及开发利用前景

蒲公英属植物是青海高原的一种重要野生植物资源.本文论述了蒲公英的营养价值、药用价值、生态价值及开发应用前景.