Serum proteins of normal goats and goats with caseous lymphadenitis.

Values for total serum proteins and relative percentages of albumin, alpha 1-globulin, alpha 2-globulin, beta-globulin, and gamma-globulin were determined for the goat. These normal values were compared with those obtained for goats infected with Corynebacterium pseudotuberculosis. Goats chronically infected with C pseudotuberculosis show significantly higher total serum protein values than normal goats, apparently due to increased gamma-globulins. This higher protein value is also associated with a decrease in serum alpha 2- and beta-globulins.     

Complement activity, serum protein, and hepatic changes in guinea pigs given sterigmatocystin or aflatoxin, alone or in combination

Effects of either sterigmatocystin or aflatoxin, alone or in combination, given orally to guinea pigs were studied. Sterigmatocystin and aflatoxin B1 given alone and in combination at 4.2 mg/day and 0.01 mg/day, respectively, markedly reduced body weight. Although changes in total serum protein were not marked in any of the guinea pigs in this study, sterigmatocystin given alone and aflatoxin given alone significantly ( less than 0.05) decreased alpha2-globulin. The combination of toxins significantly (P less than 0.01) increased albumin and significantly (P less than 0.01) decreased both alpha2- and beta-globulins. Sterigmatocystin depressed complement activity, although not significantly. However, the combination of sterimatocystin with 0.01 mg of aflatoxin B1/day (an amount that does not affect complement activity alone) significantly (P less than 0.01) reduced complement activity. Increased severity of lesions was not found in guinea pigs given aflatoxin at 0.01 mg of B1 equivalents/day in addition to the sterigmatocystin.     

Reference serum protein and lipoprotein fractions of ostriches (Struthio camelus) in Turkey

The aim of this study was to determine for reference purposes the values of serum albumin, alpha 1-globulin, alpha 2-globulin, beta-globulin, gamma-globulin, and alpha-lipoprotein (high density lipoprotein), pre-beta-lipoprotein (very low density lipoprotein) and beta-lipoprotein (low density lipoprotein) fractions of normal ostriches (Struthio camelus) in Turkey. Five male and five female ostriches, 18 months old, were used. All the ostriches were fed on a diet that contained 15.14% crude protein and 2,950 Kcal/kg of metabolizable energy. The serum protein and lipoprotein fractions were measured using agarose gel electrophoresis. The fractions were found to be 60.96% albumin, 0.24% alpha 1-globulin, 15.91% alpha 2-globulin, 13.34% beta-globulin, 9.55% gamma-globulin, 53.77% HDL, 0.60% VLDL and 48.09% LDL.     

Blood biochemical profiles of thai indigenous and Simmental x Brahman crossbred cattle in the Central Thailand

Plasma biochemical profiles were studied in 112 mature (3 to 5-year-old) healthy cattle comprised of 61 Thai indigenous and 51 Simmental x Brahman crossbred male and cyclic female cattle at Nongkwang (Central Thailand) Livestock Research and Breeding Center, Thailand. Data were analysed for the effect of breed and sex. The results showed that the plasma glucose and gamma-glutamyl transferase (GGT) in the two breeds were significantly (P < 0.05) different. Furthermore, the urea, creatinine, albumin, total protein, aspartate amino transferase (AST), alanine amino transferase (ALT) and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) levels in Thai indigenous were significantly (P < 0.01) higher than in crossbred cattle. However, creatine kinase did not significantly differ in crossbred and indigenous animals. A sex difference was found in glucose level with male Thai indigenous having significantly higher levels (P < 0.05) than the other three groups. Plasma urea concentration in male crossbred cattle was lower than in the other groups (P < 0.05). Female crossbred cattle had significantly (P < 0.05) lower plasma creatinine levels than the other animals. Furthermore, levels of albumin in male and total protein in female crossbred were the lowest (P < 0.05) among the groups. The AST, ALT, ALP and GGT levels were significantly (P < 0.05) different between male and female. Female crossbred cattle had the lowest (P < 0.05) AST and GGT levels, whereas lowest (P < 0.05) ALT and ALP concentration was determined in male individuals of these breeds.     

The effects of anabolic agents and breed on the fibers of the longissimus muscle of male cattle

Sample of longissimus muscle were taken from carcasses of steers, steers implanted with anabolic agents and bulls of Friesian and Charolais X Friesian breeds of cattle. Percent and mean cross-sectional areas (CSA) of three myofiber types (beta R, alpha R and alpha W) were determined. The percentage of beta R myofibers did not vary significantly with treatment. The implanted steers had 26% more alpha R and 8% less alpha W myofibers than the untreated steers, while the bulls had 33% more alpha R and 20% less alpha W myofibers than the implanted steers (P less than .001). In the implanted steers the mean CSA of the beta R myofibers was significantly greater than that of the untreated steers, but did not differ from that of the bull. The mean CSA of the alpha R myofibers increased considerably with treatment, but only that of the bull was significantly greater than that of the untreated steers. The mean CSA of the alpha W myofibers in the implanted steers was identical with that of the untreated steers and significantly smaller than that of the bulls. In comparison to the untreated steers, significant hypertrophy of all three myofiber types occurred in bulls. These findings demonstrate a significant increase in the oxidative capacity of the longissimus when the levels of both endogenous and exogenous anabolic agents are increased. They are also consistent with the greater efficiency of deposition of protein obtained with implanted steers and bulls.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)     

The Effects of Compound Probiotics Supplementation on Blood Biochemical Indexes and Antioxidant Capacity of Yili Mare during Lactation

The experiment was conducted to study the effects of compound probiotics supplementation on blood biochemical indexes and antioxidant capacity of Yili mare during lactation.A total of 24 Yili mare during lactation were divided into four groups with similar age,parity,lactation months,i.e.groups Ⅰ,Ⅱ,Ⅲ and control group.The control group and trial groups fed with the same based diet,groups Ⅰ,Ⅱ,Ⅲ were supplemented with 0.05 g of Bacillus subtilis (2.0×10¹¹ CFU/g) and 0.133 g of plant Lactobacillus (3.0× 10¹⁰ CFU/g),0.10 g of Bacillus subtilis and 0.266 g of plant Lactobacillus,0.15 g of Bacillus subtilis and 0.399 g of plant Lactobacillus, respectively.The results showed as follows:Compared with control group,total protein,albumin,blood urea nitrogen contents and GSH-Px,SOD activities of blood in trail groups were no significant differences (P >0.05);But supplementary feeding compound probiotics total protein,albumin contents and SOD activity of blood in trail groups had a upward trend.GLB content of blood in group Ⅱ was significantly higher than the control group and groupⅠ(P <0.05);CAT activity of blood in group Ⅱ was significantly higher than control group and group Ⅲ (P <0.05);T-AOC activity of blood in group Ⅱ was significantly higher than groupsⅠand Ⅲ (P <0.05);No significant difference was observed among other groups (P >0.05).Therefore,supplementary feeding plant Lactobacillus and Bacillus subtilis complexes had enhanced immune function,improved the nitrogen deposition and the body's antioxidant capacity of Yili mare during lactation,when supplementary feeding 0.10 g of Bacillus subtilis and 0.266 g of plant Lactobacillus complexs was more obvious effect.     

Serum protein electrophoretic pattern in young and adult camels

OBJECTIVE: To compare the electrophoretic pattern of serum proteins in clinically healthy adult camels (between 3 and 8 years of age) and camel calves (less than 3 months of age). DESIGN: Laboratory analysis of serum from healthy camels. PROCEDURE: Blood was collected from 30 healthy adult camels and 30 camel calves and the serum separated. Total protein of each serum sample was estimated by automated chemistry analyser. The proteins were fractionated by automated electrophoresis on agarose gel. RESULTS: Serum proteins migrated on the agarose gel as one albumin, two alpha (alpha1 and alpha2-globulins), two beta (beta1 and beta2-globulins) and one gamma-globulin fractions. In adult camels the mean concentration of total protein, albumin alpha1, alpha2, beta1, beta2 and gamma-globulins was 56.8 +/- 1.5, 30.7 +/- 0.8, 2.4 +/- 0.1, 3.2 +/- 0.1, 9.7 +/- 0.3, 3.4 +/- 0.2 and 8.6 +/- 0.3 g/L, respectively. These values in calves were 49.7 +/- 1.8, 23.7 +/- 0.8, 3.2 +/- 0.2, 3.1 +/- 0.2, 14.2 +/- 0.2, 4.0 +/- 0.2 and 4.1 +/- 0.2 g/L, respectively. CONCLUSION: The concentration of total proteins, albumin and gamma-globulins was higher (P < 0.05) in the adult camels than in camel calves. The concentrations of beta1 globulins was higher (P < 0.05) in calves as compared to adult camels.     

补饲复合微生态制剂对泌乳期伊犁母马血液生化指标及抗氧化能力的影响

试验旨在研究补饲复合微生态制剂对泌乳期伊犁母马血液生化指标及抗氧化能力的影响.根据年龄、胎次、泌乳月龄相近的原则选择泌乳期伊犁母马24匹,随机分为4组,分别为对照组、试验Ⅰ组、试验Ⅱ组和试验Ⅲ组.对照组饲喂基础日粮,试验Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ组在饲喂基础日粮的基础上分别补饲0.05 g枯草芽孢杆菌(活菌数为2.0×10¹¹ CFU/g)和0.133 g植物乳杆菌(活菌数为3.0×10¹⁰ CFU/g)、0.10 g枯草芽孢杆菌和0.266 g植物乳杆菌、0.15 g枯草芽孢杆菌和0.399 g植物乳杆菌.结果表明,与对照组相比,补饲复合微生态制剂对泌乳期伊犁母马血液中总蛋白、白蛋白、血尿素氮含量和谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶、超氧化物歧化酶活性的影响均差异不显著(P> 0.05);但补饲复合微生态制剂泌乳期伊犁母马血液中总蛋白、白蛋白含量和超氧化物歧化酶活性呈升高的趋势;试验Ⅱ组泌乳期伊犁母马血液中球蛋白含量显著高于对照组和试验Ⅰ组(P <0.05),其他各组之间差异不显著(P> 0.05).过氧化氢酶的活性试验Ⅱ组显著高于对照组和试验Ⅲ组(P <0.05),试验Ⅰ组与其他各组之间差异不显著(P> 0.05);总抗氧化能力试验Ⅱ组显著高于试验Ⅰ和Ⅲ组(P <0.05),其他各组之间差异不显著(P> 0.05).因此,补饲植物乳杆菌和枯草芽孢杆菌复合物对泌乳期母马增强免疫机能,改善氮沉积,提高机体抗氧化能力起到了一定作用,且补饲0.10 g枯草芽孢杆菌和0.266 g植物乳杆菌复合物时效果较为明显.     

Effects of Feeding Maize Stover and Cottonseed Cake on Onset of Puberty in Bunaji (Bos indicus) Heifers

A study was conducted to determine the influence of maize stover and cottonseed cake supplementation on age and live weight at onset of puberty in Bunaji heifers. A total of 49 pre-pubertal Bunaji heifers approximately 12 months of age were allotted randomly to one of two treatments of feed supplementation: (i) supplementation with maize stover and (ii) supplementation with cottonseed cake. The heifers were monitored for a period of 18 months for first observable oestrus or onset of puberty. The maize stover group were given maize stover (crop residue) supplementation ad libitum during the dry season; in the cottonseed cake group each heifer received 500 g of cottonseed cake per day during the dry season. The heifers supplemented with cottonseed cake attained puberty at an earlier age (23.9+/-1.2 months) than the heifers supplemented with maize stover (28.2+/-1.3 months; p<0.05). Similarly, heifers on the cottonseed cake supplementation attained puberty at a live weight of 270.5+/-3.5 kg; while the heifers on maize stover attained puberty at 237.6+/-5.8 kg (p <0.05). The cottonseed cake-supplemented heifers had higher daily gains than the maize stover-supplemented heifers. It is concluded that provision of cottonseed cake as a supplement for heifers hastened the onset of puberty when compared to the maize stover supplemented heifers. Puberty can be achieved at an early age with improved nutrition and this can in turn reduce the generation interval and thus increase the rate of genetic gain of indigenous animals. Provision of protein supplements in cattle is recommended, especially in the tropics where marked seasonality of rainfall results in extremely poor pastures and herbage and low available protein.     

小花棘豆中毒对和田羊血清蛋白和血脂的影响

12 Hetian sheeps were randomly and equally divided into 3 groups (the control group, experimental groupⅠ,groupⅡ) to investigate the effect of Oxytropis glabra DC poisoning on serum protein and blood fat, then reveal the toxicity mechanism of Oxytropis glabra DC. These experimental groups of sheeps were fed daily contents of 10 or 20 g/（kg·BW） until typical symptoms were observed. The contents of serum protein and blood fat were determined respectively before challenge test and at intervals of 7 days in this test. Meanwhile, the serum proteins were analysed by electrophoresis. After 42 days test, the results demonstrated that the contents of serum TP, GLO, α-globulin and HDL-C did not significantly change in each group (P>0.05); the contents of β-globulin, TC, LDL-C and VLDL-C in experimental groups were higher than normal control group, the contents of ALB, γ-globulin and TG in experimental groups were lower than normal control group, with significant differences between the experimental groups （P <0.05 or P <0.01）; the content ratio of albumin to globulin(A/G) in test groups were decreased. The results showed that the sheeps’ liver displayed different degrees of damage by poisoning of Oxytropis glabra DC.     

Fertility of N'dama and Bunaji Cattle to Artificial Insemination Following Oestrus Synchronization with PRID and PGF2α in the Hot Humid Zone of Nigeria

A study was undertaken to determine the effectiveness of a progesterone-releasing intravaginal device (PRID) and prostaglandin F2 alpha (PGF2alpha) in synchronizing oestrus in N'dama and Bunaji cows and heifers and the fertility following artificial insemination at the synchronized oestrus. A total of 116 cows and heifers (58 N'dama and 58 Bunaji) were used in two separate trials. In the first trial, oestrus was synchronized using a PRID, which was inserted for 12 days; in the second trial, oestrus was synchronized by giving two injections of PGF2alpha 13 days apart. Only animals that did not respond to the first injection were given the second injection. At the end of each treatment period, the animals were observed for oestrus for 7 days and inseminated approximately 12 h following detection of oestrus. Standing to be mounted was the single criterion used to judge an animal to have been in oestrus. PGF2alpha and PRID were both effective in synchronizing oestrus in N'dama and Bunaji cows and heifers. The respective oestrus response rates, pregnancy rate and conception rates for PRID and PGF2alpha were 85.7%, 53.6% and 62.5% for PRID, and 91.7%, 68.3% and 74.6% for PGF2alpha. N'dama cattle showed significantly (p<0.05) better oestrus response rate, pregnancy rate and conception rate than Bunaji cattle following both PRID and PGF2alpha treatments. The pregnancy rate and conception rate following PGF2alpha treatment were better (p < 0.05) than for PRID, although the oestrus response rate did not differ. It is concluded that both PRID and PGF2alpha are effective in synchronizing oestrus in N'dama and Bunaji cattle in the hot humid zone of Nigeria and the fertility to artificial insemination at the synchronized oestrus was normal and acceptable. Thus, PRID and PGF2alpha can effectively be used in intensive breeding programmes for the rapid multiplication and distribution of both cattle breeds, especially the N'dama, which is a unique and beneficial animal genetic resource for the tsetse infested hot humid zone of Nigeria.     

Electrophoretic patterns and immunoglobulin G levels in mouflon (Ovis orientalis musimon) and roe deer (Capreolus capreolus).

Serum protein and immunoglobulin G (IgG) levels were measured from 16 healthy mouflons (Ovis orientalis musimon) and from 28 roe deer (Capreolus capreolus) in French and Catalonian populations. Electrophoretic patterns were described for each species. The only significant gender-related difference was increased beta-globulins in French roe deer males. Significantly increased alpha1-globulin levels and decreased IgG levels occurred in the young Catalonian roe deer compared with adults from the same group. Values for total proteins, beta-globulins, gamma-globulin, and IgG were significantly higher in the French roe deer, while albumin and albumin/globulin ratio were higher in the Catalonian roe deer. Both populations had the same relative migration distances of the various protein fractions of the electrophoresis.     

饲粮不同蛋白水平对淮猪生长性能、肉品质和血清生化指标的影响

本试验旨在研究饲粮粗蛋白水平对淮猪育肥后期生产性能、肉品质和血清生化指标的影响。试验选取48头体重相近的淮猪,公母各半,随机分为3组,即低蛋白组(11.96%)、中蛋白组(13.04%)和高蛋白组(14.16%),每组4个重复,每个重复4头猪,试验期为138 d。结果表明,1)各组猪末重、平均日采食量和平均日增重差异不显著(P>0.05),但高蛋白组的料重比显著升高(P<0.05);各组猪屠宰性能无显著影响。2)各组的肌肉pH、肉色评分、失水率以及干物质、粗蛋白、粗灰分和肌苷酸的含量差异不显著(P>0.05),但高蛋白会显著提高肌肉粗脂肪和胆固醇的含量(P<0.05);3)高蛋白组猪肌肉中的亚麻酸含量显著高于低蛋白组(P<0.05),而花生四烯酸含量显著低于其他两组(P<0.05),其他各组之间脂肪酸含量差异不显著。4)低蛋白组的血清中ALB含量显著高于中蛋白组(P<0.05),随着蛋白水平提高,血清中的BUN含量有升高的趋势(P=0.085)。根据本试验结果,饲粮粗蛋白水平为13.04%对淮猪育肥后期生长性能、肉品质和血清生化指标的影响效果最佳。     

Changes in serum protein electrophoresis profiles and acute phase proteins in calves with diarrhea

Calf diarrhea leads to substantial economic losses in the livestock industry worldwide due to medical treatment costs, retarded growth performance, and even death. The objective of this study was to investigate changes in serum protein profiles and acute phase proteins in calves with diarrhea and identify the association between these changes and diarrhea. A total of 185 Korean beef calves were used and divided into 3 groups by age: 1 to 10 days (n = 46), 11 to 20 days (n = 65), and 21 to 30 days (n = 74). Blood and fecal samples were collected from each calf. Serum concentrations of total protein, protein fractions (albumin, α1-globulin, α2-globulin, β-globulin, and γ-globulin), haptoglobin (Hp), and serum amyloid A (SAA) were analyzed. Compared to calves without diarrhea, calves with diarrhea had significantly lower albumin concentrations at 11 to 20 days and 21 to 30 days of age (P = 0.017 and P = 0.000, respectively) and significantly higher α1-globulin fractions at 21 to 30 days of age (P = 0.01). Interestingly, α2-globulin fractions were significantly higher in diarrheic calves in all age groups, whereas γ-globulin fractions were significantly lower in calves with diarrhea aged 1 to 10 days, compared with normal animals. In calves with diarrhea, the concentration of Hp was significantly higher, whereas SAA levels were not different between normal and diarrheic calves. In addition, a positive correlation was found between α2-globulin and Hp (P = 0.0004). Taken together, these results provide useful information about the use of serum protein profiles and Hp as prognostic and diagnostic markers for animal health status.     

Plasma electrophoretogram in feline immunodeficiency virus (FIV) and/or feline leukaemia virus (FeLV) infections

The electrophoretogram of 89 cats, including those infected by feline immunodeficiency virus (FIV+), feline leukaemia virus (FeLV+) and non-infected, showed statistically significant differences in several of the fractions. FIV+ cats had very high protein values (mean, 8.10 g/dl), mostly because of hypergammaglobulinemia (mean, 2.81 g/dl) as compared with non-infected animals and FeLV+. In addition, in these FIV+ animals, the albumin/globulins ratio (A/G) was very low (mean, 0.72). Statistically significant differences in A/G and alpha2-globulin fraction were observed in FeLV+ group (A/G mean, 0.88 +/- 0.08; alpha2-globulin, mean, 0.84 +/- 0.07 g/dl) when compared with non-infected group (A/G mean, 1.06 +/- 0.08; alpha2-globulin mean, 0.68 +/- 0.04 g/dl). The alpha1-globulin fraction was higher in double infected animals (FIV and FeLV positive, F-F) (3.55 g/dl), than in FeLV+ or FIV+ cats (3.10 and 3.07 g/dl respectively), but no statistical conclusions may be drawn from this fact because of the low number of F-F animals. This technique may help to assess the initial clinical status of retrovirus-infected cats, and the clinical course of these chronic diseases, specifically during and after suitable therapy.     

Serum proteins in healthy Basenjis and Basenjis with chronic diarrhea

A serologic survey was conducted to characterize the electrophoretic patterns of serum proteins in healthy Basenji dogs (n = 137) and Basenjis with chronic diarrhea (n = 32). Serum protein electrophoresis values for Basenjis were similar to previously reported values from dogs of other breeds. Dogs with histologically confirmed lymphocytic-plasmacytic enteritis had a statistically significant (P less than 0.05) decrease in total protein, albumin, and albumin/globulin ratio. alpha 2-Globulin and gamma-globulin values were significantly increased in old dogs (9 years of age or older) with lymphocytic-plasmacytic enteritis. Although not statistically significant, gamma-globulin values were generally increased in Basenjis with lymphocytic-plasmacytic enteritis when compared with the values in age-matched clinically healthy Basenjis.     

Influence of frequency of anthelmintic treatment on the growth rate of Australian Friesian Sahiwal heifers

A group of 42 Australian Friesian Sahiwal heifers was divided into 3 groups. Two groups received levamisole at different frequencies; once every 3 months or once per month at the rate of 4.45 mg of the phosphate base/kg; while the third group was untreated. Treatments were applied between 9 and 23 weeks of age, after weaning. A fourth group of 7 Friesian calves of equivalent age were initially not treated and were used as a comparison with the Australian Friesian Sahiwal control group. Bodyweights of cattle and faecal egg counts were measured every 2 weeks and larval cultures were performed on samples with high egg counts. A significant (P less than 0.05) increase in weight gain was recorded in the Australian Friesian Sahiwal heifers treated once per month compared with once every 3 months and the untreated group. The group of Friesian calves had to be treated after 7 weeks due to weight loss and poor body condition.     

BSE Risks for Humans Consuming Beef and Beef Products: How Any Risks Are Managed

The biochemical parameters were studied in adult and young Friesian cattle naturally infected with Theileria annulata in the Qassim Region, Saudi Arabia. Forty-three clinical cases of tropical theileriosis were studied, together with 40 clinically healthy Friesian cattle. Cattle clinically infected with T. annulata had significantly lower serum total protein, albumin, globulin, creatinine, calcium, phosphorus, magnesium, potassium, iron and copper concentrations and significantly higher AST activity and bilirubin concentration than the healthy cattle.     

Alterations in the arrhythmogenic dose of epinephrine after adrenergic receptor blockade with prazosin, metoprolol, or yohimbine in halothane-xylazine-anesthetized dogs

Recent evidence has linked alpha-receptor and beta-receptor activations with ventricular arrhythmia genesis. In order to assess the relative contribution of specific adrenoceptors (alpha 1, alpha 2, beta 1) on ventricular arrhythmogenic activity during xylazine (1.1 mg X kg-1 X hr-1)-halothane (1.35%) anesthesia, the arrhythmogenic dose of epinephrine (ADE) was repeatedly determined before and after prazosin (alpha 1 antagonist; 0.1 mg X kg-1), metoprolol (beta 1 antagonist; 0.5 mg X kg-1), and yohimbine (alpha 2 antagonist; 0.125 mg X kg-1) administration in 6 dogs. The ADE was expressed as infusion rate and total dose. The ADE was defined as the dose which produced 4 or more intermittent premature ventricular contractions within 15 s during a 3-minute infusion period or within 1 minute from end of infusion. Control ADE was 2.69 +/- 0.372 (micrograms X kg-1 X min-1) and 4.17 +/- 0.544 (micrograms X kg X -1) for infusion rate and total dose, respectively. The ADE significantly increased after prazosin (P less than 0.005), metoprolol (P less than 0.005), and yohimbine (P less than 0.05) administration. The ADE values increased to 5.42 +/- 1.22 (rate) and 8.10 +/- 1.95 (dose) after alpha 2 blockade, but were significantly less than the alpha 1 and beta 1 blockade ADE values. In conclusion, although both alpha- and beta-adrenoceptor blockade depressed ventricular arrhythmia genesis in xylazine-halothane-anesthetized dogs, alpha 2 blockade, which was achieved with the recommended dose of yohimbine for reversal of anesthetic-induced CNS depression, was not as protective as alpha 1 (prazosin) or beta 1 (metoprolol) blockade.     

饲粮铜水平对冬毛期雌性蓝狐生长性能、营养物质消化率、血清生化指标及毛皮品质的影响

本试验旨在研究饲粮铜水平对冬毛期雌性蓝狐生长性能、营养物质消化率、血清生化指标及毛皮品质的影响。试验选取115日龄左右的健康雌性蓝狐50只,随机分成5组,每组10个重复,每个重复1只。以五水硫酸铜(Cu SO_4·5H_2O)为铜源,在基础饲粮中分别添加0、12.22、32.22、72.22、152.22 mg/kg的铜配成5种试验饲粮,5种试验饲粮铜水平分别为7.78(Ⅰ组,作为对照组)、20(Ⅱ组)、40(Ⅲ组)、80(Ⅳ组)、160 mg/kg(Ⅴ组)。预试期为7 d,正试期为60 d。结果表明:1)Ⅲ、Ⅳ和Ⅴ组蓝狐的平均日增重显著高于对照组(P0.05),料重比显著低于对照组(P0.05);各组蓝狐的终末体重及平均日采食量差异不显著(P0.05)。2)各组蓝狐的干物质消化率、蛋白质消化率及氮沉积差异不显著(P0.05);Ⅲ、Ⅳ组蓝狐的脂肪消化率显著高于对照组(P0.05),其他各组间差异不显著(P0.05);铜排出量随着饲粮铜水平的升高极显著的增加(P0.01)。3)Ⅴ组蓝狐血清总蛋白和白蛋白含量显著高于对照组和Ⅱ组(P0.05);Ⅴ组蓝狐血清尿素氮含量显著高于Ⅱ组(P0.05);各组蓝狐血清铜蓝蛋白活性差异不显著(P0.05),Ⅳ组蓝狐血清铜锌超氧化物歧化酶活性显著高于对照组及Ⅱ和Ⅲ组(P0.05)。4)Ⅴ组蓝狐肝脏铜含量显著高于对照组(P0.05),血清铜、锌、铁含量各组间差异不显著(P0.05)。5)饲粮铜水平并未显著影响蓝狐的体长和干皮长(P0.05);Ⅲ和Ⅴ组蓝狐针毛长和绒毛长显著大于Ⅱ和Ⅳ组(P0.05);Ⅴ组蓝狐皮张颜色显著深于对照组(P0.05)。由此可见,在饲粮中添加32.22 mg/kg铜即铜水平为40.00 mg/kg时,冬毛期雌性蓝狐可获得较好的生长性能、营养物质消化率及毛皮品质,同时铜的排放量较低。