不同超排方法对中国美利奴羊超排效果试验

用３２只中国美利奴成年母羊（５～６岁）分５组进行不同超排药物的超排试验，凭借腹腔内窥镜观察卵巢的反应，并借助其进行手术取卵。经观察：ＦＳＨ各组超排效果好于ＰＭＳＧ组，超排有效率也高于ＰＭＳＧ组（Ｐ＜０．０１）；使用ＦＳＨ各组的超排效果不尽相同，其中Ｃ组ＦＳＨ（７．５ｍｇ）＋ＬＨ，Ｄ组ＦＳＨ（１１．５ｍｇ）＋ＬＨ和Ａ组ＦＳＨ（７．５ｍｇ）＋ＬＲＨ－Ａ３组的可用胚比单用ＦＳＨ的Ｂ组高，未排卵泡数则显著低于Ｂ组（Ｐ＜０．０１）；在Ａ、Ｃ、Ｄ三个处理组中，Ｃ、Ｄ两组的可用胚数高于Ａ组（Ｐ＜０．０１）。试验结果表明，用ＦＳＨ＋ＬＨ处理的Ｃ、Ｄ两组超排效果较好，且组间无明显差异（Ｐ＞０．０５）。     

兔出血症-魏氏梭菌病-巴氏杆菌病三联苗的研究与应用

通过对兔出血症（ＲＨＤ）、魏氏梭菌病（ＣＷＤ）和巴氏杆菌病（ＰＭＤ）三联氢氧化铝甲醛灭活疫苗（兔三联苗）的研究，制备出了安全有效的兔三联苗。用２ｍＬ／只免疫实验兔，４天后对ＲＨＤ和ＣＷＤ、１４天后对ＰＭＤ均产生良好的免疫效果；２１天后测定，疫苗的平均保护率为ＲＨＤ９７％、ＣＷＤ８６．２％、ＰＭＤ６５．２％；６个月后测定，平均保护率为ＲＨＤ１００％、ＣＷＤ８０％、ＰＭＤ５８．８％。该疫苗的保存期为８～１０℃８个月。在此病流行地区使用兔三联苗免疫家兔１５００万头份，有效地控制了该三种传染病。     

双疗程法治疗肉鸡大肠杆菌病

作者进行了双疗程法治疗肉鸡大肠杆菌病的试验，试验鸡共５０００只，设９个治疗组，１个对照组，每组５００只ＡＡ肉鸡。试验组鸡群于１￣７天，２２￣２８天，分别选用敏感抗菌素氟哌酸（ＦＰＡ，５０ＰＰＭ），强力霉素（ＤＯＣ。７５ＰＰＭ，），氯霉素（ＣＭＶ，７５０ＰＰＭ）进行双疗程治疗，取得了满意的效果。ＤＯＣ－ＣＭＴ、ＣＭＴ－ＤＯＣ、ＦＰＡ－ＤＯＣ、ＤＯＣ－ＦＰＡ、ＦＰＡ－ＣＭＴ、ＣＭＴ－ＦＰＡ、ＤＯＣ－Ｄ     

海狸鼠卵母细胞体外成熟培养初探

实验用ＰＭＳＧ或ＰＭＳＧ＋ＨＣＧ处理或未经激素处理的海狸鼠８只，共获卵巢卵母细胞１３８枚。激素处理对获取卵巢卵母细胞的数量没有影响，而对体外成熟发育至卵丘扩展和半成熟阶段有促进作用。三种不同培养液（Ｗｈｉｔｅｎ＋ＦＣＳ；ＴＣＭ１９９＋ＰＭＳＧ＋ＦＣＳ；ＴＣＭ１９９＋ＨＣＧ＋ＦＣＳ）共培养１２５枚卵母细胞，培养后卵丘扩展率及半成熟率分别为５６．５％，４５．７％，４７．６％和２１．７％，１２．３％，９．５％，以Ｗｈｉｔｅｎ液较高（分别为５６．５％和２１．７％），但只有ＴＣＭ１９９＋ＰＭＳＧ＋ＦＣＳ组有２枚卵母细胞出现第一极体。结果表明海狸鼠卵母细胞与其它啮齿动物的卵母细胞一样，能够在体外培养成熟，完成第一次减数分裂，排出第一极体     

断乳猪多系统功能衰竭综合征与圆环病毒

1　ＰＭＷＳ研究概况Ｃ1ａｃｋ报道 ,1 991年加拿大的猪群存在一种被称为断乳仔猪多系统衰竭综合征 (ＰｏｓｔｗｅａｎｉｎｇＭｕｌｔｉｓｙｓｔｅｍｉｃＷａｓｔｉｎｇＳｙｎｄｒｏｍ ,ＰＭＷＳ)的新疾病。这种疾病严重影响猪的生长发育 ,可造成巨大的经济损失。其后 ,美国、法国、西班牙、北爱尔兰、日本均报道其猪群存在ＰＭＷＳ。 1 995年在北爱尔兰 ,从猪ＰＭＷＳ死胎中分离到猪圆环病毒 (ＰｏｉｎｅＣｉｒ ｃｏｖｉｒｕｓ,ＰＣＶ) ,这是首次报道ＰＭＷＳ和ＰＣＶ之间的关系。ＰＣＶ最初在 1 974年 ,Ｔｉｓｃｈｅｒ发现 ,在多株连续传…     

兔现血症—魏氏梭菌病—巴氏杆菌病三联苗的研究与应用

通过对兔出血症，魏氏梭菌病和巴氏杆菌病三联氢氧化铝甲醛灭活疫苗的研究，制备出安全有效的兔三联苗。用２ｍＬ／只免疫实验兔，４天后对ＲＨＤ和ＣＷＤ，１４天后对ＰＭＤ均产生良好的免疫效果；２１天后测定，疫苗的平均保护率ＲＨＤ９７％，ＣＷＤ８６．２％，ＰＭＤ６５．２％；６个月后测定，平均保护率为ＲＨＤ１００％，ＣＷＤ８０％，ＰＭＤ５８．８％。该疫苗的保存期为８－１０℃８个月。在此病流行地区使用兔且联苗免疫     

双疗程法治疗肉鸡大肠杆菌病

作者进行了双疗程法治疗肉鸡大肠杆菌病的试验，试验鸡共５０００只，设９个治疗组，１个对照组，每组５００只ＡＡ肉鸡。试验组鸡群于１～７天，２２～２８天，分别选用敏感抗菌素氟哌酸（ＦＰＡ，５０ＰＰＭ），强力霉素（ＤＯＣ。７５ＰＰＭ，），氯霉素（ＣＭＴ，７５０ＰＰＭ）进行双疗程治疗，取得了满意的效果。ＤＯＣ－ＣＭＴ、ＣＭＴ－ＤＯＣ、ＦＰＡ－ＤＯＣ、ＤＯＣ－ＦＰＡ、ＦＰＡ－ＣＭＴ、ＣＭＴ－ＦＰＡ、ＤＯＣ－ＤＯＣ、ＦＰＡ－ＦＰＡ、ＣＭＴ－ＣＭＴ各试验组的存活率分别为９２．８％、８７．６％、９７．２％、９６．４％、９５．８％、８９．６％、９４．６％、９６．２％、８８．４％。对照组的存活率７９．４％。     

金黄地鼠超数排卵的研究

采用孕马血清促性腺激素和人绒毛中性腺激素对成年雌性金黄地鼠进行超数排卵研究。结果表明：４０ＩＵＰＭＳＧ＋４０ＩＵＨＣＧ剂量组合的超排效果优于３０ＩＵＰＭＳＧ＋３０ＩＵＣＧ剂量组合;     

维生素ADE和孕马血清促性腺激素分别结合前列腺素对母黄牛面？…

应用孕马血清促性腺激素（ＰＭＳＧ）和维生素ＡＤＥ（Ｖｉｔ．ＡＤＥ）分别结合前列腺素（ＰＧ）对１２９头母黄牛进行同期发性定时输精试验。试验分组比较了ＰＭＳＧ＋ＰＧ、Ｖｉｔ．ＡＤＥ＋ＰＧ和ＰＧ处理组母牛之间的同期发情率和受胎率。结果表明三个处理组中采用ＰＭＳＧ结合ＰＧ促使母黄牛同期发情效果最好,明显高于采用Ｖｉｔ．ＡＤＥ结合ＰＧ（Ｐ〈０．０１）和ＰＧ（Ｐ〈０．０５）处理组;相对于ＰＧ处理组,采用Ｖｉｔ     

LRH─A3、hCG和PMSG对体外培养条件下牦牛垂体组织LH和FSH分泌的调节

促卵泡素３号（ＬＲＨ－Ａ３）、人绒毛膜促性腺激素（ｈＣＧ）和孕马血清促性腺激素（ＰＭＳＧ）等３种外源性激素均可增加体外培养条件下牦牛垂体组织分泌ＬＨ和ＦＳＨ的能力。培养液中ＬＨ和ＦＳＨ含量与加入的ＬＲＨ－Ａ３量呈正相关，与加入的ＰＭＳＧ和ｈＣＧ的量无显著关系     

白术、微米白术和白术多糖对断奶仔猪生长性能和肠道形态及微生态区系的影响

试验选用96头平均体重14.82 kg左右的杜×长×大断奶仔猪,随机分成4组,每组3栏,每栏8头(公母各半)。对照组饲喂基础日粮,试验1、2、3组分别添加1%80目白术、0.2%白术多糖和1%微米白术。试验期30 d。结果表明:在生长性能方面,与对照组相比,1%微米白术添加组可显著提高日增重(P0.05)、降低饲料增重比和腹泻率,而且效果优于1%80目白术组和0.2%白术多糖组,在肠道形态和肠道微生态区系方面,与对照组相比,日粮添加1%80目白术、0.2%白术多糖、1%微米白术均可不同程度的提高十二指肠和空肠的绒毛高度,加深十二指肠和空肠的隐窝深度,并且增加肠道微生态区系的多样性,其中以1%微米白术添加组的效果最佳。     

Prevalence and seasonal incidence of nematode parasites and fluke infections of sheep and goats in eastern Ethiopia

Sissay, M.M., Uggla, A. and Waller, P.J., XXXX. Prevalence and seasonal incidence of nematode parasites and fluke infections of sheep and goats in eastern Ethiopia. Tropical Animal Health and Production, XXXX. A 2-year abattoir survey was carried out to determine the prevalence, abundance and seasonal incidence of gastro-intestinal (GI) nematodes and trematodes (flukes) of sheep and goats in the semi-arid zone of eastern Ethiopia. During May 2003 to April 2005, viscera including liver, lungs and GI tracts were collected from 655 sheep and 632 goats slaughtered at 4 abattoirs located in the towns of Haramaya, Harar, Dire Dawa and Jijiga in eastern Ethiopia. All animals were raised in the farming areas located within the community boundaries for each town. Collected materials were transported within 24 h to the parasitology laboratory of Haramaya University for immediate processing. Thirteen species belonging to 9 genera of GI nematodes (Haemonchus contortus, Trichostrongylus axei, T. colubriformis, T. vitrinus, Nematodirus filicollis, N. spathiger, Oesophagostomum columbianum, O. venulosum, Strongyloides papillosus, Bunostomum trigonocephalum, Trichuris ovis, Cooperia curticei and Chabertia ovina), and 4 species belonging to 3 genera of trematodes (Fasciola hepatica, F. gigantica, Paramphistomum {Calicohoron} microbothrium and Dicrocoelium dendriticum) were recorded in both sheep and goats. All animals in this investigation were infected with multiple species to varying degrees. The mean burdens of adult nematodes were generally moderate in both sheep and goats and showed patterns of seasonal abundance that corresponded with the bi-modal annual rainfall pattern, with highest burdens around the middle of the rainy season. In both sheep and goats there were significant differences in the mean worm burdens and abundance of the different nematode species between the four geographic locations, with worm burdens in the Haramaya and Harar areas greater than those observed in the Dire Dawa and Jijiga locations. Similar seasonal variations were also observed in the prevalence of flukes. But there were no significant differences in the prevalence of each fluke species between the four locations. Overall, the results showed that Haemonchus, Trichostrongylus, Nematodirus, Oesophagostomum, Fasciola and Paramphistomum species were the most abundant helminth parasites of sheep and goats in eastern Ethiopia.     

Internal Parasites and Haematological Values in Cattle Slaughtered in Buea Subdivision of Cameroon

Tropical Animal Health and Production -     

Phase I evaluation of CCNU (lomustine) in tumor-bearing cats

1-(2-Chloroethyl)3-cyclohexyl-1-nitrosourea (CCNU) is an alkylating agent in the nitrosourea subclass. A prospective evaluation of CCNU was done to determine the maximally tolerated dosage of CCNU in tumor-bearing cats. Response data were obtained when available. Twenty-five cats were treated with CCNU at a dosage of 50-60 mg/m3 body surface area. Complete hematologic data were available for 13 cats. Neutropenia was the acute dose-limiting toxicity. The median neutrophil count at the nadir was 1,000 cells/microL (mean, 2,433 cells/microL; range, 0-9,694 cells/microL). The time of neutrophil nadir was variable, occurring 7-28 days after treatment, and counts sometimes did not return to normal for up to 14 days after the nadir. Based on these findings, a 6-week dosing interval and weekly hematologic monitoring after the 1st treatment with CCNU are recommended. The nadir of the platelet count may occur 14-21 days after treatment. The median platelet count at the nadir was 43,500 cells/microL. No gastrointestinal, renal, or hepatic toxicities were observed after a single CCNU treatment, and additional studies to evaluate the potential for cumulative toxicity should be performed. Five cats with lymphoma and 1 cat with mast cell tumor had measurable responses to CCNU. Phase II studies to evaluate antitumor activity should be completed with a dosing regimen of 50-60 mg/m3 every 6 weeks.     

Chemotaxis of macrophage in inflammation

Our particular attention in this article was given to natural mediators for macrophages isolated from the sites of tissue injury. A number of chemotactic factors, which may satisfy many criteria making them acceptable as inflammatory leucocyte chemotactic factors, has been separated. Among them, our laboratory has isolated three macrophage (monocyte) chemotactic factors (MCF-a, -b and -c). Their purification, characterization and functional specificity are discussed.     

Prevalence of gastric lesions in racing Alaskan sled dogs

Human and equine athletes are reported to have a high prevalence of gastric disease, and anecdotal evidence suggests a similar phenomenon applies to racing sled dogs. To investigate the prevalence of gastric disease in racing sled dogs, we conducted 2 gastroscopy studies on dogs competing in the annual Iditarod Sled Dog Race. A pilot study of dogs that were either dropped from the 2000 Iditarod Sled Dog Race because of illness or that finished the race indicated that, approximately 5 days after competing, 10 of 28 dogs (35%) had endoscopic evidence of gastric ulceration, erosion, or hemorrhage. The next year, an endoscopic study of 73 dogs participating in the 2001 Iditarod race was performed in order to evaluate a larger population of dogs. Data from 70 of these dogs could be used; 34 (48.5%) had ulceration, erosion, gastric hemorrhage, or some combination of these findings. When this group of 70 dogs was compared retrospectively to a control group of 87 dogs presented to the Texas A&M University (TAMU) Veterinary Medical Teaching Hospital, the Iditarod sled dogs had a significantly higher prevalence (P = .049) of gastric lesions. These findings suggest that, similar to athletes of other species, elite canine athletes have an increased prevalence of gastric disease compared to the canine population at large.     

Furosemide continuous rate infusion in the horse: evaluation of enhanced efficacy and reduced side effects

Continuous rate infusion (CRI) of furosemide in humans is considered superior to intermittent administration (IA). This study examined whether furosemide CRI, compared with IA, would increase diuretic efficacy with decreased fluid and electrolyte fluctuations and activation of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS) in the horse. Five mares were used in a crossover-design study. During a 24-hour period, each horse received a total of 3 mg/kg furosemide by either CRI (0.12 mg/kg/h preceded by a loading dose of 0.12 mg/kg IV) or IA (1 mg/kg IV q8h). There was not a statistically significant difference in urine volume over 24 hours between methods; however, urine volume was significantly greater after CRI compared with IA during the first 8 hours ([median 25th percentile, 75th percentile]: 9.6 L [8.9, 14.4] for CRI versus 5.9 L [5.3, 6.0] for IA). CRI produced a more uniform urine flow, decreased fluctuations in plasma volume, and suppressed renal concentrating ability throughout the infusion period. Potassium, Ca, and Cl excretion was greater during CRI than IA (1,133 mmol [1.110, 1,229] versus 764 mmol [709, 904], 102.7 mmol [96.0, 117.2] versus 73.3 mmol [65.0, 73.5], and 1,776 mmol [1,657, 2.378] versus 1,596 mmol [1,457, 1,767], respectively). Elimination half-lives of furosemide were 1.35 and 0.47 hours for CRI and IA, respectively. The area under the excretion rate curve was 1,285.7 and 184.2 mL x mg/mL for CRI and IA, respectively. Furosemide CRI (0.12 mg/kg/h) for 8 hours, preceded by a loading dose (0.12 mg/kg), is recommended when profound diuresis is needed acutely in horses.     

Y‐chromosomal variation of local goat breeds of Turkey close to the domestication centre

Genetic variations in chromosome Y are enabling researchers to identify paternal lineages, which are informative for introgressions and migrations. In this study, the male‐specific region markers, sex‐determining region‐Y (SRY), amelogenin (AMELY) and zinc finger (ZFY) were analysed in seven Turkish native goat breeds, Angora, Kilis, Hair, Honaml?, Norduz, Gürcü and Abaza. A SNP in the ZFY gene defined a new haplotype Y2C. All domestic haplogroups originate from Capra aegagrus, while the finding of Y1A, Y1B, Y2A and Y2C in 32, 4, 126 and 2 Turkish domestic goats, respectively, appears to indicate a predomestic origin of the major haplotypes. The occurrence of four haplotypes in the Hair goat and, in contrast, a frequency of 96% of Y1A in the Kilis breed illustrate that Y‐chromosomal variants have a more breed‐dependent distribution than mitochondrial or autosomal DNA. This probably reflects male founder effects, but a role in adaptation cannot be excluded.     

Changes in proportion of canine urinary calculi composed of calcium oxalate or struvite in specimens analyzed from 1981 through 2001

The objective of this report was to characterize 20-year changes in proportion of calcium oxalate (CaOx) calculi and struvite calculi in dogs, and associations with breed, age, and sex. In this retrospective study, results of analysis of urinary calculi from dogs were reviewed for specimens received between July 1, 1981, and December 31, 2001. Breed, sex, age, year of submission of the specimen, and mineral type(s) were analyzed statistically. CaOx or Struvite or both were contained in 18,966 of 20,884 (91%) specimens. For both sexes, a 20-year statistically significant increase was observed in the proportion of calculus specimens that contained CaOx. The increase in this proportion was greater in females (1% to 31%) than in males (18% to 82%). From 1998 to 2001, when proportions may have plateaued, the odds of specimens containing CaOx were markedly higher in 18 breeds, markedly lower in 5 breeds, and not significantly different in 13 breeds compared with crossbreds. For both sexes, a 20-year statistically significant decrease was observed in the proportion of calculus specimens that contained struvite. This decrease in proportion was greater for males (79-16%) than for females (97-68%). From 1998 to 2001, when proportions plateaued, the odds of calculi containing struvite were markedly lower in 20 breeds, markedly higher in 1 breed, and not significantly different in 15 breeds when compared with crossbreds. Breed, age, and sex were associated statistically with CaOx or struvite urolithiasis. In conclusion, there appears to have been a long-term increase in the proportion of specimens of canine urinary calculi that contain CaOx as well as a long-term decrease in the proportion of specimens of calculi that contain struvite for both male and female dogs. The rate of change appeared to begin leveling off in the period 1998 to 2001. The recent proportion of dogs with either CaOx- or struvite-associated urolithiasis may depend on breed, age, and sex, and on interactions among these 3 factors.     

Smart Phone Assisted City-scale Wireless Sensor Network Deployment for Transportation System Monitoring

<正>1.INTRODUCTION Ensuring transportation network security is one Of the most daunting challenges confronting homeland security agencies today.Significant research has been dedicated.To model and analyze the vulnerability of transportation systems,while notably fewer studies propose specific strategies for deploying defensive technologies to safeguard these systems.