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1.
线粒体DNA由来的RAPD标记能鉴别水稻雄性不育和可育细胞质 总被引:9,自引:0,他引:9
以野败型细胞质的水稻雄性不育系珍汕97A及其保持系珍汕97B的总DNA为模板,从100个引物中筛选到OPA12对珍汕97A能扩增出一条1600 bp的特异带.用OPA12扩增野败型细胞质的龙特浦A及其保持系龙特浦B、矮败型细胞质的协青早A及其保持系协青早B、恢复系明恢63、珍汕97A/明恢63的F1和F2个体的总DNA,不育系、F1和F2所有调查个体都有16 相似文献
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Isolation and genetic characterization of a fertility-restoring revertant induced from cytoplasmic male sterile rice 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
Summary A male fertile revertant was isolated from M1 of a cytoplasmic male sterile indica rice line II-32A, the dry seeds of which were treated with 60Co- rays at a dose of 290 Gy. The acquired revertant T24 was morphologically and agronomically similar to II-32B, the maintainer of II-32A. Testcrosses of the revertant with II-32A and Zhenshan 97A showed that the revertant was able to restore the fertility of CMS lines. Genetic analysis of the progenies between T24 and II-32A, Zhenshan 97A XieqingzaoA and DZhenshan 97A, which have different cytoplasms, showed that the fertility restoration of four CMS lines by T24 involved one nuclear gene, indicating that T24 was a result of the mutation of one nuclear gene. The mechanism of the restoration of CMS line by T24 was obviously different from other restorers such as Minghui 63 and 20964, which were shown to behave in two gene mode in fertility restoration. The discovery of the revertant T24 contributes to the understanding of CMS and fertility restoration of CMS in rice. The T24 and its parent II-32A may constitute a pair of near isogenic lines for the restoring gene, which should be valuable materials for molecular genetic analysis of CMS. 相似文献
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A new dominant earliness character of CMS line Zaoxian A and its application value in rice (Oryza sativa L.) 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Summary A distant cross between a maintainer Zhenshan 97B and an early maturing F2 palnt of O. longistaminata x O. rufipogon was made in 1985, and a new CMS line Zaoxian A was bred in 1989 through continuous backcross of new maintainer plants derived from the distant cross to the leading CMS line Zhenshan 97A. Several experiments were carried out in Sichuan during 1990–1992, to analyze the inheritance of earliness of Zaoxian A and its application value to hybrid rice production. The results showed that Zaoxian A was as early-maturing as Zhenshan 97A, the earliness of Zaoxian A was incompletely dominant to the lateness of restorer lines, and was different from the earliness of Zhenshan 97A which was suppressed by the lateness of restorer lines. The F1 hybrids between Zaoxian A and late maturing restorers combined the early maturity and high yielding capacity, and significantly outyielded the provincial and national checks with same or longer growth duration, because the larger genetic distance between early and late maturing ecotypes remained unchanged and the new earliness could express in F1 generation. Therefore, the new dominant earliness character of Zaoxian A could enhance the regional and seasonal adaptability of rice. It is also valuable to hybrid rice production and the formation of new cropping systems with high yielding capacity and high economical profit. 相似文献
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Yang Zhuping 《Euphytica》1997,95(3):253-258
Following anther culture of various F1 hybrids of indica restorer (R) lines/wide compatible varieties (WCVs) and japonica R lines/WCVs, the homozygous diploid plants
(2n) generated were test-crossed with indica WA type cytoplasmic-genetic male sterile (CMS) line Zhanshan 97A (WA), indica
testers Nanjing 11 and Nante, japonica BT CMS line Hanfeng A (BT), and japonica testers Balilla and Akihikari to identify
widely compatible restorer lines. The results of this study showed that among the diploid pollen plants generated from F1 hybrids of indica R lines/WCVs, 36.7% and 64.7% possessed normal fertility restoration ability (rate of seed-setting > 80%)
to Hanfeng A and Zhanshan 97A, respectively. 71.3% and 32.3% had normal fertility restoration ability to Hanfeng A and Zhanshan
97A, respectively, in diploid pollen plants derived from the japonica R lines/WCVs F1's anther culture. Several widely compatible R lines were selected from anther culture of F1 hybrids of indica R lines/WCVs and japonica R lines/WCVs. These widely compatible R lines derived from diploid pollen plants
showed good wide compatibility and restoration ability both to WA and BT type CMS lines. Strong standard heterosis of major
agronomic traits and yield traits was observed in F1 test-crosses of widely compatible R lines with Hanfeng A and Zhanshan 97A. The wide compatibility in widely compatible R
lines H17, H158 and H281 was studied by a set of three-way crosses. Segregation of the fertile plants with seed-setting rate
> 70% and semi-fertile plants with seed-setting rate > 69.9% agreed with a ratio of 1:1, indicating that wide compatibility
in these widely compatible R lines is governed by a pair of major genes.
This revised version was published online in July 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date. 相似文献
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In order to characterize the cytoplasmic system in seven cytoplasmic-genic male-sterile lines (CMS; A lines) of rice, viz., V 20A, ‘Zhenshan 97A’, IR 46831A, ‘Madhu A’ (cms-WA), ‘Yar-Ai-Zhao A’ (cms-Gam), ‘Pankhari 203A’ (cms-TN) and Wu 10A (cms-bo) and their isonuclear maintainers (B lines), all possible crosses were made between CMS lines and maintainers (A × B) as well as between the maintainers themselves (B × B). Based on F1 pollen and spikelet fertility the CMS lines V 20A, ‘Zhenshan 97A’, IR 46831 A, ‘Madhu’ A possessing cms-WA cytoplasm were found to be genetically different from ‘Pankhari 203A’ (cms-TN), Wu 10A (cms- bo) and ‘Yar-Ai-Zhao A’ (cms-Gam) cytoplasms. Cms-bo and cms-TN cytoplasms appeared to be identical. Since the cytoplasms of the A lines are different from those of the B lines, the nuclear genes operating to cause the sterility might also be different in (A × B) and (B × B) crosses. 相似文献
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水稻优良恢复系明恢63两个恢复基因恢复力的单独评价 总被引:6,自引:0,他引:6
野败型细胞质雄性不育系统是选配杂交稻组合广泛应用的主要不育细胞质资源,野败型细胞质雄性不育的育性恢复能力由两个恢复基因控制。以前的研究表明,明恢63具有2个恢复基因Rf3和Rf(μ),分别位于第1和第10染色体上。为了分别准确估计这两个恢复基因的遗传效应,根据分子标记基因型,从珍汕97/明恢63衍生的241个F9重组自交系群体中选择两个自交系R124和R1183,它们分别含有单个恢复基因Rf3和Rf(M),将R124和R1183与珍汕97A杂交,分别得到F1A和F1B,再自交得到F2A和F2B。在武汉和海南分别考察F1的育性,F1A的自然结实率海南和武汉分别为53.4%和60.2%,F1B的自然结实率海南和武汉分别为70.5%和75.7%。而珍汕97A/明恢63的杂种汕优63结实率为81.4%。F2A和F2B群体育性分离均符合1个主基因1:3的孟德尔期望分离比,表明,R124和R1183分别只含有一个恢复基因Rf3和Rf(M)。Rf(M)的效应较大,恢复力强,它单独几乎可以使育性恢复正常。利用标记辅助选择方法,转移两个恢复基因可以快速选育优良恢复系。 相似文献
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Nirmala Rajendran Ramkumar Gandhimani Sukhpal Singh Kadirvel Palchamy 《Euphytica》2007,156(1-2):129-139
The main objective of the present study was to identify mitochondrial DNA based marker, which can distinguish male sterile
and fertile counterparts of the cytoplasmic male sterile (CMS) lines used in production of rice hybrids. Amplified fragment
length polymorphism (AFLP) analysis in CMS lines: IR58025A & IR62829A and their respective maintainers: IR58025B & IR62829B
identified a polymorphic DNA fragment of about 510 bp size that was present in both CMS (A) and absent in their maintainer
(B) lines. Sequencing followed by database analysis of the polymorphic fragment indicated about 97% similarity with mitochondrial
NADH gene subunits of rice, maize and wheat. Based on the variable sequence regions, a site specific primer pair (BF-STS-401)
was designed. PCR analysis showed that BF-STS-401 could amplify a strong band of 464 bp size in CMS and a faint band of the
same size in maintainer line. To act as a positive control and avoid possible errors in PCR, BF-STS-401 was multiplexed with
a new primer pair (BF-STS-402), derived from mitochondrial atp9 subunit of rice, producing monomorphic amplification indiscriminately in both CMS and maintainer lines. Both the primer pairs
in combination clearly differentiated CMS lines from their corresponding maintainer lines. This primer combination was validated
in a set of diverse genotypes consisting of different sources of CMS lines, restorer lines, hybrids, varieties and mixed samples
from private seed companies. Our results suggested that the multiplex primer pairs developed in this study can be effectively
utilized to assess the genetic purity in commercial seed lots of CMS lines and hybrids of rice. 相似文献
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Pyramiding of insect- and disease-resistance genes into an elite indica, cytoplasm male sterile restorer line of rice,'Minghui 63' 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
The wild‐rice‐derived dominant gene Xa21 conferring multi‐race resistance to bacterial blight and a fused Bt gene cry1Ab/cry1Ac conferring resistance to lepidopteran insects were individually introduced into the same genetic background of an elite indica cytoplasm male sterile (CMS) restorer line ‘Minghui 63′. The line showed the desirable insect‐ and disease‐resistant phenotypes. To maximize the effect, the two genes were also pyramided into the same recipient plant of ‘Minghui 63’ by marker‐assisted selection. After being subjected to natural infestation of leaf‐folders and yellow stem borers and inoculation of Xoo strain mixtures, the pyramiding line and its derived hybrids showed high levels of resistance against both insect damage and disease. Furthermore, data from field trials demonstrated that the hybrids made by crossing this pyramiding line with the CMS lines ‘Zhenshan 97A’ and ‘Maxie A’ retained a similar level of yield under conditions without chemical spray, indicating that the pyramiding genes have a yield‐stabilizing effect on the recipient line and its hybrids. 相似文献
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几个水稻不育系对白叶枯病的抗性 总被引:13,自引:0,他引:13
测定了8对不育系(A)和保持系(B)以及一些杂交稻组合对6个小种的40株白叶枯病菌的抗性,比较了不同类型不育系对6个小种群的抗性差异。结果表明,冈型、印尼水田谷型和大多数野败型不育系的抗性很差,BT型的抗性较高。菌株Ah28对冈46A和野败珍汕97A的致病力强。比较了6个恢复系(C)和8个杂交组合对不同小种的抗性程度。结果显示,杂交稻的抗病性主要受父本(恢复系)核基因的控制,但同时又受不育胞质的影 相似文献
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乙烯与水稻细胞质雄性不育的关系 总被引:11,自引:1,他引:10
从幼穗发育的IV到VII期,水稻细胞质雄性不育系(珍汕97A)幼穗和叶片的ACC含量和乙烯释放速率均高于其保持系(珍汕97B)。外施乙烯释放剂乙烯利使保持系花粉可育度明显下降;外施ACC合成酶抑制剂AVG引起两系幼穗ACC含量和乙烯释放速率下降,并使不育系花粉育性得以部分恢复,而在外施AVG的同时再施以乙烯利则AVG的恢复作用消失。 相似文献
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Induction of microspore embryos in a CMS line of Brassica juncea and formation of the androgenic plantlets 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Anther culture of two wide hybrids (Diplotaxis erucoides × Brassica campestris) × B. juncea and (D. berthautii × B. campestris) × B. juncea, their CMS lines and the parent species elicited a range of responses highlighting the importance of the genotype. Androgenesis
was expressed in cultured anthers of CMS (D. erucoides) B. juncea (22.8%), in restored pollen fertile plants of this CMS line (1.66%), and in the parent, B. juncea cv Pusa Bold (13.02%). AgNO3 was essential for androgenic response in the CMS lines, and it markedly increased the frequency of androgenesis in the cultivated
species. Multiple crops of microspore embryos were obtained from responsive anthers of CMS plants in anther recultures. As
high as92% microspore embryos of the CMS line germinated on basal B5medium and formed normal plantlets.
This revised version was published online in July 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date. 相似文献
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The genetic relationship among three cytoplasmic male sterility (CMS) systems, consisting of WA, Dissi, and Gambiaca, was
studied. The results showed that the maintainers of one CMS system can also maintain sterility in other cytoplasmic backgrounds.
The F1 plants derived from crosses involving A and R lines of the respective cytoplasm and their cross-combination with other CMS
systems showed similar pollen and spikelet fertility values, indicating that similar biological processes govern fertility
restoration in these three CMS systems. The results from an inheritance study showed that the pollen fertility restoration
in all three CMS systems was governed by two independent and dominant genes with classical duplicate gene action. Three F2 populations, generated from the crosses between the parents of good-performing rice hybrids, that possess WA, Dissi, and
Gambiaca CMS cytoplasm, were used to map the Rf genes. For the WA-CMS system, Rf3 was located at a distance of 2.8 cM from RM490 on chromosome 1 and Rf4 was located at 1.6 cM from RM1108 on chromosome 10. For the Dissi-CMS system, Rf3 was located on chromosome 1 at 1.9 cM from RM7466 and Rf4 on chromosome 10 was located at 2.3 cM from RM6100. The effect of Rf3 on pollen fertility appeared to be stronger than the effect of Rf4. In the Gambiaca-CMS system, only one major locus was mapped on chromosome 1 at 2.1 cM from RM576. These studies have led
to the development of marker-assisted selection (MAS) for selecting putative restorer lines, new approaches to alloplasmic
line breeding, and the transfer of Rf genes into adapted cultivars through a backcrossing program in an active hybrid rice breeding program. 相似文献
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Xianchun Sang Zhenglin Yang Bingqiang Zhong Yunfeng Li Lei Hou Yan Pei Guanrong Li Guanghua He 《Euphytica》2006,152(2):177-183
AFLP technique was used to analyse the polymorphism between rice cytoplasmic male sterility (CMS) line Jin2A and its maintainer Jin2B. A stable differential band was discovered, and sequence analysis showed that Jin2A contained a more tandem repeat of 6 base pairs (AGAAAA) than Jin2B. Further studies confirmed that the diversity came from cpDNA and occurred at three kinds of abortive cytoplasmic genotypes. Accordingly, specific primers were designed and utilized to assess the purity of rice CMS lines during multiplication with pollen fertility and seed setting rates of bagged panicles as control. The result indicated that this cpDNA locus could be utilized to precisely distinguish maintainer plants from rice CMS lines. PCR analysis was consistent with that from Grow-out test in CMS line seed purity assessment during multiplication, despite it was helpless in distinguishing F1 hybrids from CMS lines due to similar cytoplasms. Because of fewer hybrid and more maintainer off-plants, this cpDNA locus was still appropriate for seed purity assessment of rice CMS line during multiplication. This is first report that a marker on cpDNA could be utilized to assess the genetic purity of rice CMS lines with three abortive cytoplasmic genotypes. 相似文献
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稻瘟病菌致病毒素的活性测定及其影响条件 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
稻瘟病菌90-2菌株是从大田水稻雄性不育细胞质(CMS)上分离的对野败型(W)CMS专化致病的生理小种。研究表明,该菌株产生的毒素在致病过程中起着一定作用。本试验测定了此菌株在不同PH培养基中培养对毒素产生的影响、毒素的热稳定性及PH值变化对毒素活性的影响等。离体叶片法测定毒素对W珍汕97A、97B叶绿素总含量的影响和对W珍汕97A、97B呼吸作用的影响,初步测定了粗毒素的致病作用。用根冠细胞法测 相似文献
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Randomly amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) markers were used for the identification of two pigeonpea cytoplasmic genic male
sterile (CMS) lines derived from crosses between the wild (Cajanus scarabaeoides & C. sericeus) and the cultivated species of Cajanus cajan. The male sterile (A) line and its maintainer (B) line could be easily differentiated with certain random primers. The two
male sterile (288 A and 67 A)systems are based on C. scarabaeoidesand the other is based on C. sericeus could also be differentiated. Amplification product of 600bp amplified by primer OPC-11 was observed in both the cytoplasmic
male sterile lines (288 A and 67A), which was absent in the maintainer lines (288 B and 67 B) and the putative R-line (TRR
5 and TRR 6). CMS lines, putative R lines, other cultivars and wild species under the study could be easily distinguished
with the help of different primers. Dendrogram constructed based on the similarity index showed that considerable genetic
variation exist sbetween CMS lines, two putative R line and wild species studied.
This revised version was published online in July 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date. 相似文献
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Kommoju Srinivasarao Basavaraj C. Viraktamath Arremsetty S. Hari Prasad Gouri S. Laha Mohammed I. Ahmed Podishetty Natarajkumar Kalidindi Sujatha Madamshetty Srinivas Prasad Manish Pandey Mugalodi S. Ramesha Chirravuri N. Neeraja Sena M. Balachandran Nallathigal S. Rani Balachandra Kemparaju Kolluru Madhan Mohan Venkata S. A. K. Sama Hajira Shaik Chintavaram Balachiranjeevi Karnati Pranathi Gajjala Ashok Reddy Maganti S. Madhav Raman M. Sundaram 《Plant Breeding》2013,132(6):586-594
IR 58025A is a very popular wild‐abortive cytoplasmic male sterile (WA‐CMS) line of rice and is extensively used for hybrid rice breeding. However, IR 58025A and many hybrids derived from it possess mild aroma (undesirable in some parts of India) and are highly susceptible to bacterial blight (BB) and blast diseases. To improve IR 58025A for BB and blast resistance, we have introgressed a major dominant gene conferring resistance against BB (i.e. Xa21) and blast (i.e. Pi54) into IR 58025B, the maintainer line of IR 58025A. An introgression line of Samba Mahsuri (i.e. SM2154) possessing Xa21 and Pi54 genes in homozygous condition and fine‐grain type was used as donor parent, and backcross breeding strategy was adopted for targeted introgression of the resistance genes. PCR‐based molecular markers tightly linked to Xa21 and Pi54 were used for selection of BB‐ and blast‐resistant lines, while closely linked markers were used for identification of backcross‐derived plants devoid of Rf4 and aroma. At BC2F5, four backcross‐derived lines possessing resistance against BB and blast, devoid of aroma, high yield, short plant stature, long‐slender grain type and with recurrent parent genome recovery ranging from 88.8% to 98.6% were selected and advanced for further evaluation. The improved versions of IR 58025B, viz. SB54‐11‐143‐9‐44‐5, SB54‐11‐143‐9‐44‐98, SB54‐11‐143‐9‐44‐111 and SB54‐11‐143‐9‐44‐171, behaved as perfect maintainers when test‐crossed with WA‐CMS lines. Agronomically superior lines of improved IR 58025B are being converted to CMS line through backcrossing for developing high‐yielding and biotic stress‐resistant rice hybrids. 相似文献
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Cytoplasmic male sterility (CMS) is considered an efficient genetic tool in pearl millet hybrid breeding. Of the several CMS
sources available in pearl millet, A1 is the only CMS widely exploited to produce commercial hybrids in India. To explore the possibility of using alternate CMS
sources, we studied the cytoplasmic effects of different CMS sources on agronomic characters in pearl millet. Five CMS (A)
lines representing A1, A2, A3, A4 and A5 cytoplasms, their respective maintainer (B) lines and eight restorer (R) lines were used to generate 40 A × R and B × R experimental
crosses. The experimental material was evaluated at two different locations in India. Analysis of combining ability and heterosis
revealed that A4 and A5 cytoplasms had desirable effects for earliness. The A5 CMS was found to be particularly promising, as compared to other CMS sources for improving grain yield. The study also indicated
that the cytoplasmic effects on general combining ability (GCA) for various agronomic characters were largely non-significant.
However, cytoplasmic effects on specific combining ability and heterosis were found to be modulated by cytoplasmic-nuclear
interactions and influenced by the environmental conditions. The study also demonstrated the advantage of utilizing diverse
male-sterile and restorer combinations in maximizing the productivity as well as for genetic and cytoplasmic diversification
of hybrids in pearl millet. 相似文献