欧拉羊血清淀粉酶同工酶多态性的研究

采用聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳法对100只欧拉羊血清淀粉酶同工酶的多态性特征进行了研究。结果发现:(1)欧拉羊的血清淀粉酶(AMY)有AMY1,AMY2和AMY3三种同工酶,其中AMY2同工酶存在多态性;(2)AMY2同工酶有显现酶活性的AMY2 A和不显现酶活性的AMY2 0两种表型,AMY2 0型为优势表型(77%);(3)公(羯)羊组与母羊组AMY2基因频率和基因型分布没有显著差异。     

夏×藏一代羊血清淀粉酶活性及同工酶

对92 只夏洛来与藏羊的杂种一代绵羊的血清淀粉酶活性及其同工酶酶谱进行了研究。结果表明:①夏×藏一代羊的血清淀粉酶(AMY) 有AMY1 ,AMY2 和AMY3 三种同工酶,其中AMY2 同工酶存在多态性; ②AMY2 同工酶有显现酶活性的AMY2A 和不显现酶活性的AMY2O 两种表型,AMY2O型为优势表型(75% ) ;③血清AMY活性为242.3IU/L;④AMY2A型绵羊的血清AMY 活性(305.3IU/L) 非常显著地高于AMY2 O型绵羊(154,1 IU/L)(P< 0.01) 。     

蓝马鸡和藏马鸡血清淀粉酶和酯酶同工酶酶谱

采用聚丙烯酰胺凝胶垂直平板电泳法对19只蓝马鸡和15只藏马鸡血清淀粉酶和血清酯酶同工酶酶谱进行了研究。结果发现:(1)蓝马鸡和藏马鸡血清淀粉酶有AMY1,AMY2,AMY3三种同工酶,其中AMY1和AMY2存在多态性;(2)两种马鸡的血清酯酶均存在ES1,ES2和ES3三种同工酶;蓝马鸡的ES1同工酶存在显现酶活性的ES1A(36.8%)和不显现酶活性的ES10(63.2%)2种表型,而藏马鸡全部为ES10型。     

蓝马鸡和藏马鸡血清淀粉酶和酯酶同工酶酶谱

采用聚丙烯酰胺凝胶垂直平板电泳法对19只蓝马鸡和15只藏马鸡血清淀粉酶和血清酯酶同工酶酶谱进行了研究。结果发现：（1）蓝马鸡和藏马鸡血清淀粉酶有AMY1,AMY2,AMY3三种同工酶,其中AMY1和AMY2存在多态性;（2）两种马鸡的血清酯酶均存在ES1,ES2和ES3三种同3-酶;蓝马鸡的ES1同工酶存在显现酶活性的ES1A（36．8％）和不显现活性的ES10（63．2％）2种表型,而藏马鸡全部为ES10型。     

青海高原毛肉兼用半细毛羊血清淀粉酶多态性研究

采用聚丙烯酰胺凝胶垂直平板电泳法研究了青海高原毛肉兼用半细毛羊的血清淀粉酶（AMY）的多态性.结果表明：青海高原毛肉兼用半细毛羊AMY存在AMY1、AMY2和AMY3三种同工酶,但只有AMY2具有多态性;AMY2同工酶具有显现酶活性的AMY2 A和不显现酶活性的AMY2 O两种表型,其表型分布分别为27.59％和72.41％,以AMY2 O为优势基因型;青海半细毛羊AMY2受1对等位基因AMY2A和AMY2O的支配,其等位基因频率分别为0.149 1和0.850 9,基因杂合度和基因均质度指数分别为0.253 8和0.7374.     

欧拉羊血清酯酶多态性及其与血液指标的联系

采用聚丙烯酰胺凝胶垂直平板电泳法对100只欧拉羊的血清酯酶（ES）多态性的特征进行了研究，同时比较了不同ES型欧拉羊的15项血液指标。结果发现：①欧拉羊的ES位点有ESA和ESa两种表型而呈现多态性；②ES表型受一对等位基因ES^A和ES^a的控制，ES^A对ES^a呈显性，其基因频率分别为0．5490和0．4510；③欧拉羊ES位点的基因杂合度、有效等位基因数和基因均质度指数分别为0．4935、1．9744和0．0129；④不同ES型欧拉羊15项血液指标没有显著性差异。     

蓝马鸡和藏马鸡的血清酯酶同工酶酶谱

采用聚丙烯酰胺凝胶垂直平板电泳法对 1 9只蓝马鸡和 1 5只藏马鸡的血清酯酶同工酶酶谱进行了研究。结果发现 :(1 ) 2种马鸡的血清酯酶存在ES1 ,ES2和ES3 3种同工酶 ;(2 )蓝马鸡的ES1同工酶存在显现酶活性的ES1A (36 8% )和不显现酶活性的ES1O (63 2 % ) 2种表型 ,而藏马鸡全部为ES1O型 ;(3)ES2同工酶只有一条浓染的酯酶区带 ;(4)ES3同工酶存在ES3ABC ,ES3AB和ES3BC 3种表型 ,蓝马鸡和藏马鸡均以ES3ABC为优势表型 (分别为 68 4%和 60 0 % )。     

干旱胁迫对不同品种苜蓿POD同工酶的影响

为了研究干旱胁迫对苜蓿的过氧化物(POD)同工酶的影响,试验采用聚丙酰胺凝胶方法,测定了聚乙二醇(PEG)干旱胁迫处理对12种不同品种的苜蓿幼苗POD同工酶酶谱的影响。结果表明:干旱胁迫对不同品种苜蓿的POD同工酶酶带数量和酶活性产生一定的影响,苜蓿各品种间及干旱胁迫处理后的酶带数有所不同,POD同工酶谱带最多有10条,最少有4条。不同苜蓿品种的POD同工酶酶谱在A区的酶带变化较小,酶活性较强;B区出现新酶带,但酶活性较弱;C区酶带变化不同,酶活性最弱。     

互助猪血清淀粉酶同工酶酶谱的研究

采用聚丙烯酸胺凝胶电泳法对40日龄互助猪血清淀粉酶（AMY）同工酶酶谱进行了研究。结果发现：被检互助猪血清AMY有AMY1,AMY2和AMY3三种同工酶,其中AMY1显示出AMY1A（13．92）,AMY1B（39．24）,AMY1AB（37．98）和AMY1BC（8．86％）四种类型,AMY2显示出AMY2A（10．12％）,AMY2B（25．04％）,AMY2AB（59．50％）和AMY20（5.06％）四种类型。     

猞猁血液蛋白质和酶的电泳分析

采用聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳法对４只猞猁的４种血液蛋白质表型以及４种血清酶和５种红细胞酶的同工酶酶谱进行研究。结果发现：（１）被检猞猁的血红蛋白（ＨＢ），亲血色蛋白（Ｈｐ），后白蛋白（Ｐａ）和运铁蛋白（ＴＦ）分别显现单一的ＨＢ ＦＳ，Ｈｐ １－１，Ｐａ ＦＳ和ＴＦ ＡＡ型；（２）在红细胞中，淀粉酶（ＡＭＹ）和酯酶（ＥＳ）不显现酶活性区带，乳酸脱氢酶（ＬＤＨ）和碱性磷酸酶（ＡＬＰ）呈现单一的同工酶酶谱，超     

猪毛色遗传的研究进展

本文概述了猪的毛色类型、猪的毛色遗传模式,着重综述了猪毛色基因分子基础的研究进展,指出存在问题并就未来发展方向做了思考。     

鸡败血支原体垂直传播模式及其阻断方法

以国际标准强毒Ｒ株人工感染非免疫产蛋鸡,定时扑杀,分别从鼻窦、眶下孔、气管、肺、气囊、卵巢和输卵管分离ＭＧ,并收集感染鸡所产蛋分离ＭＧ。结果表明,人工感染４８小时后上、下呼吸道及肺已被全面感染,９６小时气囊已被感染,１２０小时输卵管已能分离到ＭＧ,卵巢始终分离不到ＭＧ。人工感染鸡自１４４小时便能在其所产蛋中分离出ＭＧ。药物治疗能在７２小时内消除感染,油乳剂苗则需２４天后逐渐降低蛋内ＭＧ分离率,药物卵内注射、种蛋药浴、高温处理均能杀死卵内ＭＧ,但以研制的种蛋浸泡剂药浴效果为最好。     

不同样本商品蜂蜜中硒含量的测定

用硝酸和高氯酸消化蜂蜜,使硒游离出来,在微酸性环境下,硒和2,3-二氨基萘(DAN)生成有较强荧光的物质,用环己烷萃取,在激发波长378nm,荧光波长518nm处测定其荧光强度。蜂蜜中硒含量范围:0.10～0.82μg/g。表明:蜂蜜应视为天然富硒营养品。     

两种绿头鸭肌肉营养成分分析及评价

本试验旨在研究两种绿头鸭（白羽绿头鸭和绿头鸭）肌肉营养组成和价值,为绿头鸭肉产品的开发利用提供基础数据和理论依据。选择白羽绿头鸭和绿头鸭60只（每个品种各30只,公母各半）,依照国家标准测定胸肌粗蛋白质、粗脂肪、胆固醇含量及氨基酸、脂肪酸、微量元素和维生素的组成和含量,并对胸肌进行氨基酸评价及脂肪酸营养价值评价。结果显示,白羽绿头鸭肌肉粗蛋白质含量显著低于绿头鸭（P<0.05）;两种绿头鸭肌肉中均检测到17种含量大于0.01%的氨基酸,其中白羽绿头鸭肌肉苏氨酸、组氨酸、丝氨酸和脯氨酸含量显著高于绿头鸭（P<0.05）,赖氨酸、谷氨酸和精氨酸含量显著低于绿头鸭（P<0.05）;检测到13种含量均大于0.01%的脂肪酸,其中白羽绿头鸭硬脂酸和油酸含量显著低于绿头鸭（P<0.05）;检测到9种矿物质元素（钠、镁、钾、钙、锰、铁、铜、锌和硒）,两种绿头鸭差异不显著（P>0.05）;检测到8种维生素,白羽绿头鸭肌肉维生素B₁含量显著高于绿头鸭（P<0.05）,维生素D和维生素E含量显著低于绿头鸭（P<0.05）。两种绿头鸭肌肉氨基酸比例接近世卫组织推荐的理想模式,富含人体所需的矿物质元素和维生素,具有广阔的开发利用前景。     

乳酸杆菌益生作用机制的研究进展

乳酸杆菌作为益生菌广泛用于人和动物。本文综述了乳酸杆菌改善宿主健康的机制。乳酸杆菌可通过产生抗菌物质如乳酸、过氧化氢、细菌素,或者通过竞争营养或肠道黏附位点来抑制致病菌;通过诱导黏附素的分泌或阻止细胞凋亡而增强肠道的屏障功能,从而保护肠道。文章重点讨论了乳酸杆菌表面成分（表面蛋白、脂磷壁酸和肽聚糖）与肠道受体（Ｃ型凝集素受体、Ｔｏｌｌ样受体和 Ｎｏｄ样受体）,阐述了他们结合后启动免疫调节信号,调控肠道免疫功能以发挥改善健康作用的机制。     

Comparison of four techniques of arthrocentesis of the lateral compartment of the femorotibial joint of the horse

Reasons for performing study: Clinical experiences indicate that centesis of the lateral compartment of the femorotibial joint is often unsuccessful. Objective: To determine the accuracy of 2 published and 2 unpublished techniques of centesis of the lateral compartment of the femorotibial joint. Hypothesis: It was hypothesised that a drug can be administered into the lateral compartment of the femorotibial joint via a diverticulum of this joint that surrounds the medial aspect of the long digital extensor tendon and that this technique is more accurate than described techniques of centesis of this compartment. Methods: Twenty‐four stifles of 12 horses were divided equally into 4 groups and a radiocontrast medium injected into the lateral compartment of the femorotibial joint of each group using a hypodermic needle inserted: 1) caudal to the lateral patellar ligament and proximal to the tibial plateau, 2) caudal to the long digital extensor tendon and proximal to the tibial plateau, 3) between the long digital extensor tendon and bone of the extensor groove of the tibia or 4) directly through the long digital extensor tendon until it contacted bone. Twelve veterinary students who had no experience using any of these techniques performed the injections. Accuracy of each technique was determined by examining radiographs obtained after injecting the contrast medium. Results: The most successful technique for arthrocentesis was by inserting a needle through the long digital extensor tendon. This approach was successful in all attempted cases, whilst other techniques had lower rates of success. Conclusions: The lateral compartment of the femorotibial joint can be accessed accurately by inserting a needle through the long digital extensor tendon as it lies within the extensor groove. Other techniques may not be as accurate for clinicians inexperienced in arthrocentesis of the lateral compartment of the femorotibial joint.     

商会自治的基石——商会自治规范研究

在现代法律秩序中,商会自治规范是制定法的基础和必要的补充,甚至在某些方面替代了制定法;商会自治规范主要包括商会组织规范、行为规范、惩罚规范以及争端解决规范等;其效力仅及于其内部成员;商会自治规范和制定法之间存在冲突,但也存在整合的基础。     

Prevalence of diseases of the spinal cord of cats

A retrospective review of records of 205 cats with histologically confirmed disease of the spinal cord was performed to identify the prevalence of disease in this nonrandomly selected population of cats. Clinical records were reviewed, and age, duration of neurologic illness, and clinical and histopathologic findings in cats with spinal cord disease were abstracted. Disease processes were classified into 7 categories and 23 groups. The most common diseases affecting the spinal cord of cats were feline infectious peritonitis (FIP), lymphosarcoma (LSA), and neoplasia of the vertebral column secondarily affecting the spinal cord. Information on age, onset and duration of clinical signs, and lesion localization at the postmortem examination in cats belonging to the 7 categories of disease were analyzed to create a practical list of differential diagnoses. Cats were also subcategorized into 3 groups based on their age at death. FIP was the most common disease of cats younger than 2 years of age. LSA and vertebral column neoplasia were the most common diseases affecting cats between 2 and 8 years of age. Vertebral column neoplasia was the most common disease affecting cats older than 8 years of age. Results of this histopathologic study showed that FIP and LSA were the most common disease processes affecting the spinal cord of cats. However, at least 21 other groups of diseases and their relative prevalence were identified.     

高效液相色谱法测定鸡肉中土霉素残留量的不确定度评定

根据JJF1059-1999《测量不确定度评定与表示》建立了高效液相色谱法测定鸡肉中土霉素残留测量的不确定度评定方法,评定过程包括建立测量程序、分析不确定度来源、对不确定度分量进行量化。将不确定度归类为两大类。随机效应导致的不确定度可以通过一系列具有统计意义的重复观测值进行A类评定;系统效应导致的不确定度通过各测量器具、设备的说明书、校准证书提供的参数进行B类评定。本方法鸡肉中土霉素残留量的相对合成标准不确定度约为3.9%。     

几个柑橘品种实生苗的抗旱性评价研究

以5个金柑属品种、枳壳、软枝酸橘及广西土柠檬实生苗为材料,进行复水成活率、旱害指数、叶片相对含水量、超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）、过氧化物酶（POD）、过氧化氢酶（CAT）、丙二醛（MDA）、脯氨酸等生理指标及隶属函数的综合分析,为柑橘抗性砧木品种选育提供参考。结果表明：胁迫20d复水后的成活率融安滑皮金柑和长寿金柑最高,为100%,软枝酸橘最低,为88.9%;随着干旱胁迫加剧,各品种的旱害指数呈上升趋势,长寿金柑的旱害指数最低,为0.25,软枝酸橘的旱害指数最高,为0.61;从叶片相对含水量的结果来看,长寿金柑的变化幅度最小,软枝酸橘的变化幅度最大,在第18d时分别为61.19%和37.85%;3种保护酶之间相互协同作用减轻植株受害程度,其活性变化幅度与丙二醛和脯氨酸的含量变化相似。利用隶属函数法综合分析,得出各品种的抗旱性强弱依次为长寿金柑>枳壳>融安滑皮金柑>融安金柑>山金柑>广西土柠檬>金枣>软枝酸橘。