瘤胃素在羔羊育肥中的应用效果

本试验是把瘤胃素应用于杂交一代(萨伏克、无角道塞特与小尾寒羊母羊杂交)双羔羊的育肥试验中。试验羊为3月龄断奶，断奶后进行75d育肥，分为试验组和对照组，试验组的日粮中添加30ppm的瘤胃素。结果发现试验组羔羊平均日增重为317g，屠宰率为48．5%，净内率为35，15%；对照组羔羊平均日增重为280g，屠宰率为45．38%，净内率33，36%。试验组羔羊平均日增重比对照组高37g，屠宰率和净内率试验组比对照组分别提高3.16和1．77个百分点。     

贵南县藏羔羊早期断奶直线育肥试验研究

500只母羊通过补饲,羔羊早期断奶和半舍饲养殖育肥,另组建200只作为对照组,试验组羔羊总增重32.45kg、日增重180.28g,分别比对照组高16.95kg、94.16g,差异极显著(P0.01),每只羔羊比对照组多增加经济收入123元。     

瘤胃素在羔羊育肥中的应用效果

本试验是把瘤胃素应用于杂交一代(萨伏克、无角道塞特与小尾寒羊母羊杂交)双羔羊的育肥试验中。试验羊为3月龄断奶,断奶后进行75d育肥,分为试验组和对照组,试验组的日粮中添加30ppm的瘤胃素。结果发现试验组羔羊平均日增重为317g,屠宰率为48.5%,净肉率为35.15%;对照组羔羊平均日增重为280g,屠宰率为45.38%,净肉率33.36%。试验组羔羊平均日增重比对照组高37g,屠宰率和净肉率试验组比对照组分别提高3.16和1.77个百分点。     

酸化奶对羔羊生长性能的影响

本试验主要研究自由饮用酸化奶对羔羊生长性能的影响。基础母羊为小尾寒羊和蒙古羊杂交羊。在一胎多羔的羔羊中,随机选取1只随母羊生活、饮食母乳的羔羊列入对照组;其他羔羊出生第1天和母羊生活在一起,从第2天起与母羊分离,自由饮用酸化奶,列入酸化奶组(即试验组)。结果表明:(1)酸化奶可促进羔羊生长,在1~60d的试验期内,酸化奶组羔羊的平均日增重为224g/d,比对照组高了61%;(2)酸化奶组羔羊断奶后平均日增重比对照组高29g,提高幅度为10%;(3)饮用酸化奶可保障多羔存活,提高牧场效益。     

蕉藕块茎渣饲喂生长育肥猪试验

在二月龄断奶仔猪基础日粮中每头每日添加1～2kg风干蕉藕块茎渣作为试验组，只喂基础日粮的作为对照组，进行了为期114天的试验。结果表明：试验组个体全期日增重690g，比对照组625g多增重65g，提高10．4％，差异显著（P＜0．05）；每增重1kg体重，试验组比对照组少耗料0．45kg，提高饲料利用率12．5％；试验组每头获毛利202．4元，比对照组每头获毛利157．9元多44．5元，提高28．2％，经济效益明显。     

波尔山羊与淮山羊杂交改良效果

波尔山羊公羊淮山羊母羊配种的平均产羔率为188．1％杂一代羔羊平均初生理为2．26 kg，其中公羔重2.38 kg，母羔重2.1 kg，公羔初生重差异不显著（P>0.05）。杂一代羔羊的1月龄和2月龄体尺均大于同期淮山羊羔羊。杂种母羊的早期生长发育快，第1月龄和第2月龄内的平均日增重分别为181．3 g/d和153.1 g/d。公、母羔羊生长速度无显著差异（P>0.05）。     

湖羊在西北干旱温差较大地区繁殖性能观测报告

经过对甘肃金昌元生湖羊种羊场2012~2014年间湖羊母羊产羔数和羔羊断奶前生长发育情况观察、分析,发现湖羊在西北干旱温差较大的金昌地区繁殖性能表现良好,其第一、二、三胎产羔率分别达到191.9%±0.542、226.8%±0.737和271.5%±0.901;前三胎羔羊初生重分别是2.93kg、3.50kg、3.23kg;前三胎羔羊60日龄平均断奶重分别是18.34kg、19.03kg、17.12kg,断奶前平均日增重分别达到256g、257g、233g。母羊3岁前,随胎次增加,产羔数显著上升;羔羊初生重随同胎数增加而降低;羔羊断奶前日增重随同胎羔羊数的增加而降低。但在良好饲养管理条件下,多胎母羊的贡献远高于单胎母羊。     

多羔湖羊服用“湖羊催乳散”催乳对羔羊生长性能的影响试验

湖羊具有一胎多羔的优良繁殖性能,为提高母羊的泌乳性能,保证多胎羔羊的正常生长,试验研制使用"湖羊催乳散"。选择一胎三羔以上母羊12只,随机分为试验组和对照组。试验组母羊6只,产羔19只,母羊产后当天开始,每天早晨空腹喂服"湖羊催乳散"100 g;对照组母羊6只,产羔19只,母羊产后当天开始喂服相同数量的麸皮。三羔母羊连喂"湖羊催乳散"7 d,四羔母羊连喂10 d。经试验,在基础日粮和其他饲养管理条件完全相同的情况下,试验组与对照组相比,7日龄羔羊体重开始出现明显差异,至50日龄断奶时,试验组羔羊平均体重比对照组增重760 g,提高5.19%;试验组羔羊断奶成活率达100%,对照组羔羊成活率为94.25%。     

百喜草肥育山羊的研究

百喜草青干草配合少量混合精料和矿物质饲料添加剂育肥修水黑山羊，平均日增重82g，增重1kg毛重，需要青干草5．57kg，混合精料1．79kg，矿物质饲料添加剂141．4g，平均每头山羊获毛利15．79元。     

妊娠期补饲精料对陕北白绒山羊日增重及肉绒品质的影响

为了解决陕北地区白绒山羊母羊产羔后营养不足导致体况恢复和生长缓慢问题，试验以600只陕北白绒山羊为研究对象，300只补饲精料记为补饲组，300只不补饲精料记为对照组，从补饲组和对照组各选取60只不同月龄的怀孕母羊及其所产羔羊(每组均为公母各半，且所有羔羊同一天出生)为监测对象，在母羊产羔日和羔羊出栏时测定母羊及羔羊体重，计算不同月龄母羊、羔羊日增重，同时测定出栏羔羊肌肉中粗蛋白、粗脂肪、粗灰分、干物质含量及肌肉剪切力、熟肉率、失水率和羊绒长度、细度、断裂强度指标，探究补饲精料和不补饲精料对陕北白绒山日增重及肉绒品质的影响。结果表明：补饲组和对照组12～18月龄母羊日增重显著高于18月龄以上母羊(P<0.05),随补祠时间延长，补饲组母羊体重均增加，但随月龄的增加，母羊日增重逐渐减少；对照组除12～18月龄母羊体重增加外，18月龄以上母羊体重均在降低，且随月龄的增加，母羊日减重逐渐增加。补饲组公母羔羊日增重较对照组公母羔羊分别显著提高12.32%和13.23%(P<0.05),补饲组和对照组公羔日增重较母羔显著提高8.31%和9.19%(P<0.05)。补饲组羔羊出栏时...     

癸氧喹酯干混悬剂含量测定的改进

采用高效液相色谱法测定癸氧喹酯干混悬剂的含量,在2-250μg/mL范围内,峰面积的常用对数与进样量浓度的常用对数呈良好的线性关系,R^2=1(n=5),平均回收率为99.24%~99.51%,RSD在0.05%~0.28%。此方法分析时间短,样品前处理简便、定量结果准确,重现性好,结果满意,为其质量控制提供了依据。     

商会自治的基石——商会自治规范研究

在现代法律秩序中,商会自治规范是制定法的基础和必要的补充,甚至在某些方面替代了制定法;商会自治规范主要包括商会组织规范、行为规范、惩罚规范以及争端解决规范等;其效力仅及于其内部成员;商会自治规范和制定法之间存在冲突,但也存在整合的基础。     

猪毛色遗传的研究进展

本文概述了猪的毛色类型、猪的毛色遗传模式,着重综述了猪毛色基因分子基础的研究进展,指出存在问题并就未来发展方向做了思考。     

中华人民共和国农业部公告 第267号

为贯彻落实《兽药生产质量管理规范》(简称《兽药GMP》),进一步推动兽药GMP实施进程,我部制定了《兽药生产质量管理规范检查验收办法》,现予公告。本公告自2003年6月1日起施行。附件:兽药生产质量管理规范检查验收办法二○○三年四月十日第一章 总则 第一条 为推动《兽药生产质量管理规范》(以下简称兽药GMP)的实施,规范兽药GMP检查验收工作,制定本办法。 第二条 农业部负责全国兽药GMP管理和检查验收工作;负责制修订兽药GMP检查验收管理规定;负责兽药GMP检查员队伍建设和监督管理工作,负责国际兽药贸易中GMP互认工作。 …     

鸡败血支原体垂直传播模式及其阻断方法

以国际标准强毒Ｒ株人工感染非免疫产蛋鸡,定时扑杀,分别从鼻窦、眶下孔、气管、肺、气囊、卵巢和输卵管分离ＭＧ,并收集感染鸡所产蛋分离ＭＧ。结果表明,人工感染４８小时后上、下呼吸道及肺已被全面感染,９６小时气囊已被感染,１２０小时输卵管已能分离到ＭＧ,卵巢始终分离不到ＭＧ。人工感染鸡自１４４小时便能在其所产蛋中分离出ＭＧ。药物治疗能在７２小时内消除感染,油乳剂苗则需２４天后逐渐降低蛋内ＭＧ分离率,药物卵内注射、种蛋药浴、高温处理均能杀死卵内ＭＧ,但以研制的种蛋浸泡剂药浴效果为最好。     

Comparison of 2 methods of centesis of the bursa of the biceps brachii tendon of horses

REASONS FOR PERFORMING STUDY: Centesis of the bicipital bursa using an 8.9 cm long spinal needle has been reported but the alternative of employing a 3.8 cm long hypodermic needle requires validation. OBJECTIVE: To compare the efficacy of 2 different methods of centesis of the bicipital bursa and to evaluate the usefulness of ultrasonographic imaging to determine the location of solution administered when centesis of the bursa is attempted. METHODS: For Trial 1, 6 clinicians, who had no previous experience of centesis of the bicipital bursa, attempted to inject a solution composed of an aqueous radiopaque contrast medium and physiological saline solution (PSS) into the bicipital bursae of 2/12 horses using the previously described distal approach to inject one bursa and a proximal approach to inject the contralateral bursa. The bicipital tendon and bursa were examined ultrasonographically before and after injection; and both shoulders were examined radiographically to identify the location of the medium. In Trial 2, another 6 clinicians, also with no previous experience of centesis, repeated Trial 1, using 6 horses, but the radiopaque contrast medium was mixed with air instead of PSS. RESULTS: Accuracy of centesis using the proximal approach was 39% and that of the distal approach 28%. Ultrasonographic examination of the shoulder allowed the location of solution and air to be accurately predicted in all 12 shoulders examined. CONCLUSIONS: Clinicians who have had no previous experience performing centesis of the bicipital bursa are unlikely to be successful in centesis using either approach. Radiographic examination after injecting a radiopaque contrast medium may be necessary to assess the success of centesis especially if bursal fluid is not obtained during centesis. Injecting air along with the radiopaque contrast medium provides more accurate ultrasonographic confirmation of centesis and better radiographic definition than does injection without air.     

不同样本商品蜂蜜中硒含量的测定

用硝酸和高氯酸消化蜂蜜,使硒游离出来,在微酸性环境下,硒和2,3-二氨基萘(DAN)生成有较强荧光的物质,用环己烷萃取,在激发波长378nm,荧光波长518nm处测定其荧光强度。蜂蜜中硒含量范围:0.10～0.82μg/g。表明:蜂蜜应视为天然富硒营养品。     

乳酸杆菌益生作用机制的研究进展

乳酸杆菌作为益生菌广泛用于人和动物。本文综述了乳酸杆菌改善宿主健康的机制。乳酸杆菌可通过产生抗菌物质如乳酸、过氧化氢、细菌素,或者通过竞争营养或肠道黏附位点来抑制致病菌;通过诱导黏附素的分泌或阻止细胞凋亡而增强肠道的屏障功能,从而保护肠道。文章重点讨论了乳酸杆菌表面成分（表面蛋白、脂磷壁酸和肽聚糖）与肠道受体（Ｃ型凝集素受体、Ｔｏｌｌ样受体和 Ｎｏｄ样受体）,阐述了他们结合后启动免疫调节信号,调控肠道免疫功能以发挥改善健康作用的机制。     

Effects of size of ingestively masticated fragments of plant tissues on kinetics of digestion of NDF

Ingestively masticated fragments were collected and sized via sieving. Different sizes of esophageal masticate and ruminal digesta fragments, and ground fragments of larger masticated pieces were incubated in vitro, and undigested NDF remaining at intervals of up to 168 h of incubation was determined. The ruminal age-dependent time delay (tau) for onset of digestion of NDF was positively correlated (P < 0.004) with the mean sieve aperture estimated to retain 50% of the fragments between successive sieve apertures (MRA). Degradation rate of potentially degradable NDF (PDF) and level of indigestible NDF were not related (P > 0.10) to MRA of masticated and ground fragments. Estimates of tau were positively related to MRA, with slopes of bermudagrass < corn silage < ruminal fragments of corn silage. It was concluded that fragment size-, and consequently, ruminal age-dependent onset of PDF degradation of a mixture of different fragment sizes results in an age-dependent rate of degradation of the more rapidly degrading of two subentities of PDF. Models are proposed that assume a tau before onset of simultaneous degradation of PDF from two pools characterized as having gamma-modeled age-dependency and age-constant rates. The ruminal age-dependent pool seems to be associated with the faster-degrading pool, and its rate parameter increases with range in MRA in the population of fragments. Conceptually, the ruminal age-dependent rate parameter for PDF degradation seems to represent a composite of several effects: 1) effects of the size-dependent tau; 2) range in MRA of the population of ingestively masticated fragments; and 3) subentities of PDF that degrade via more rapid age-dependent rates compared with subentities of PDF that degrade via age-constant rates. The estimated fractional rates of ruminative comminution of ingestively masticated fragments (0.060 to 0.075/h) were of a magnitude similar to the mean fractional rates of PDF digestion (0.030 to 0.085/h), which implies that ruminative comminution may be first-limiting to fractional rate of PDF digestion. The in vivo roles of ingestive and ruminative mastication of fragments on PDF degradation must be considered in any kinetic system for estimating PDF digestion in the rumen. These results and others in the literature suggest that the rate of surface area exposure rather than intrinsic chemical attributes of PDF may be first-limiting to degradation rate of PDF in vivo.