不同药物配方对公猪精液常温保存效果研究

为提高猪精液的保存效果,为猪精液常温保存技术及稀释液配方的研究提供参考依据,设计了3种常温保存希释液配方,并对保存后的精子进行了顶体染色。结果表明：当精子活率为50%与30%时,配方Ⅱ的精子保存时间均显著高于配方Ⅰ与配方Ⅲ（P〈0.05）,且配方Ⅱ所保存精子的总存活时间也显著高于配方Ⅰ与配方Ⅲ（P〈0.05）。上述结果表明,配方Ⅱ对猪精液的常温保存效果要优于配方Ⅰ与配方Ⅲ。     

温度与稀释液pH对猪精液常温保存效果的影响

 为提高猪精液常温保存的效果,研究不同温度和稀释液pH对猪精液常温保存效果的影响。结果表明：（1）当精子活力分别为50％和30％时,配方Ⅰ与Ⅱ稀释液保存的精液,在温度为15~20 ℃条件下的精子存活时间均显著高于21~25 ℃（P<0.05）;在pH为6.5~6.9条件下的精子存活时间均显著高于6.0~6.4（P<0.05）;（2）精子顶体染色结果表明,适宜温度与pH条件下,精液保存48 h后,顶体完整率达到96%以上。研究结果表明,猪精液常温保存适宜温度为15~20 ℃,适宜PH为6.5~6.9。     

不同药物配方对公猪精液常温保存效果研究

为提高猪精液的保存效果,为猪精液常温保存技术及稀释液配方的研究提供参考依据,设计了3种常温保存希释液配方,并对保存后的精子进行了顶体染色.结果表明:当精子活率为50%与30%时,配方Ⅱ的精子保存时间均显著高于配方Ⅰ与配方Ⅲ(P＜0.05),且配方Ⅱ所保存精子的总存活时间也显著高于配方Ⅰ与配方Ⅲ(P＜0.05).上述结果...     

不同稀释液配方对牛冻精品质的影响

选用3种稀释液配方分别对6头种公牛精液进行稀释、封装、冷冻,并检查种公牛冻精解冻后的精子活力、畸形率、顶体完整率、冻后废弃率、存活时间及镜检感光度.结果表明：3种不同稀释液配方对种公牛精液冻后活力影响差异均显著（P＜0.05）,Ⅰ稀释液生产冻精的畸形率极显著高于Ⅱ稀释液和Ⅲ稀释液（P＜0.01）,3种稀释液冻精精子顶体完整率之间差异均极显著（P＜0.01）,Ⅲ稀释液与Ⅰ稀释液和Ⅱ稀释液间对牛精液所生产冻精的冻后废弃率影响均差异显著（P＜0.05）,Ⅰ稀释液与Ⅱ稀释液和Ⅲ稀释液间对牛精液所生产冻精的存活时间影响差异也显著（P＜0.05）,Ⅲ稀释液生产的冻精精子感光度优于Ⅰ稀释液和Ⅱ稀释液,其余各项指标差异均不显著（P＞0.05）.因此,可用自配Ⅱ稀释液替代进口专用Ⅲ稀释液.     

不同常温保存稀释液对猪精液保存效果的影响

本研究利用3种不同的常温保存稀释液对猪精液进行常温保存,测定了精子活率、有效存活时间、生存指数、pH值以及总抗氧化能力(T-AOC)和丙二醛(MDA)活性。结果表明:3号稀释液稀释后精子活率在第3天和第5天均显著高于其他2种稀释液(P<0.05);精子有效存活时间和生存指数显著高于2号稀释液(P<0.05);pH值在精液稀释后的第4天显著高于2号稀释液(P<0.05)。精子T-AOC在第3天和第4天显著高于1号稀释液(P<0.05),但与2号稀释液差异不显著(P>0.05);3种稀释液之间精子MDA变化差异不显著(P>0.05)。因此,3号稀释液对精子的保存效果最好,有利于猪精液的常温保存。     

不同稀释液中添加十二烷基硫酸钠对吐鲁番黑羊精液冷冻保存的影响

为改善吐鲁番黑羊精液的冷冻保存效果,提高精液冻后的精子活率,本实验在3种精液冷冻稀释液中添加不同浓度(0、1%、2%)的十二烷基硫酸钠(SDS),TrⅠs-葡萄糖-柠檬酸钠为Ⅰ液,蔗糖-葡糖糖-柠檬酸钠为Ⅱ液,OptⅠdyl稀释液做对照为Ⅲ液。熏蒸冷冻后解冻,用精子分析系统(CASA)和流式细胞仪检测冷冻效果。结果表明:Ⅰ液1%SDS组精子活率最高(65.4%),与Ⅰ液2%SDS组精子活率没有差异,高于其他7组(P<0.05);Ⅲ液1%SDS组畸形率(9.4%)低于Ⅱ液0%SDS组、Ⅱ液2%SDS组和Ⅲ液2%SDS组(P<0.05);Ⅰ液1%SDS组直线运动速率(51.4μm/s)高于Ⅰ液0%SDS组、Ⅱ液2%SDS组和Ⅲ液0%SDS组(P<0.05);Ⅰ液1%SDS组和Ⅲ液1%SDS组的质膜完整率高于Ⅰ液2%SDS组和Ⅱ液1%SDS组(P<0.05),且Ⅰ液1%SDS组最高;Ⅰ液1%SDS组的顶体完整活精子比率高于Ⅱ液1%SDS组(P<0.05),各组的活精子顶体完整率无显著差异;Ⅰ液1%SDS组高线粒体膜电位比率(43.0%)高于Ⅱ液1%SDS组(P<0.05)。因此,采用添加1%SDS的Tris-葡萄糖-柠檬酸钠稀释液配方显著提高了吐鲁番黑羊精液冷冻保存效果。     

不同稀释液对藏猪精液4℃保存效果的影响

为探讨不同精液稀释液对4℃保存藏猪精液的效果,保证优良藏猪种公猪精液的合理、高效利用,该试验选用5种常用的猪精液常温保存稀释液,并在藏猪精液4℃保存至第5天时检查藏猪精子活力、精子畸形率、精子顶体完整率、精子质膜完整率等。结果表明,在精液保存过程中,2号液对藏猪精液的保存效果最佳,精子活力在保存至第5天时仍然保持在0.54,且藏猪精子活力、精子畸形率、精子顶体完整率、精子质膜完整率均高于其余4组（P〈0.05）。该试验研究初步筛选了4℃保存藏猪精液的稀释液,为今后藏猪精液的生产应用奠定了基础。     

犬精液冷冻液的优化试验

通过对不同配方的稀释液、添加不同剂量的维生素B12、维生素C和复合维生素B对解冻后精子存活影响的试验,结果表明,配方Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ三种稀释液制作的冻精解冻后精子活率均大于30.00%,Ⅰ液最高,其冷冻精液解冻后活率可达43.35%±0.85%,但Ⅰ液和Ⅱ液差异不显著(P>0.05),Ⅲ液最低,差异显著(P<0.05);顶体完整率和畸形率Ⅰ液最优,差异显著(P<0.05);Ⅱ液与Ⅲ液差异不显著(P>0.05);在Ⅰ稀释液中添加维生素B12对解冻后精子的活率、精子顶体完整率影响不大,但平均值都高于对照组,并且随着维生素B12量的增加,精子畸形率有继续降低趋势;添加复合维生素B 4mL/100mL,维生素C 4mL/100mL对犬精子均有保护作用。     

不同稀释液对猪精液常温保存效果的影响

试验利用北京信邦稀释液(试验Ⅰ组)和台湾精旺稀释液(试验Ⅱ组)对猪精液进行常温保存,测定精子活率、有效存活时间、生存指数、pH值。试验结果:试验Ⅱ组稀释后第4天,精液的pH值显著高于试验Ⅰ组(P0.05),试验Ⅱ组的精液p H值始终高于试验Ⅰ组;试验Ⅱ组稀释后精子活率在第4天显著高于试验Ⅰ组(P0.05),试验Ⅱ组精子的有效存活时间与试验Ⅰ组差异不显著(P0.05)。试验结果表明,试验Ⅱ组采用的台湾精旺稀释液更有利于精液的保存,适宜大规模推广应用。     

版纳微型猪近交系精子冷冻保存研究

在版纳微型猪近交系（BMI）公猪精液冷冻保存稀释液中添加不同浓度甘油,并对不同解冻液配方和解冻方法进行研究,对比解冻后的精子活力、质膜完整率和顶体完整率,优化BMI公猪精液冷冻保存方法。结果表明,解冻后,甘油浓度为2%和3%组的精子活力、质膜完整率、顶体完整率显著高于1%、4%和5%组（P<0.05）;Ⅰ号解冻液解冻后精子活力、质膜完整率、顶体完整率均显著高于Ⅱ、Ⅲ和Ⅳ号解冻液（P<0.05）;在活力、质膜完整率和顶体完整率方面,40℃ 6 s和50℃ 6 s这两种程序的解冻效果都显著优于38℃ 30 s（P<0.05）。由此可见,2%或3%的甘油作为抗冻保护剂、Ⅰ号解冻液解冻、40℃ 6 s或50℃ 6 s水浴解冻是较为理想的BMI公猪精液冷冻保存方法。     

保存温度和不同种类稀释液对猪精液品质的影响

猪精液在室温保存时,含庆大霉素的稀释液保存效果优于含青、链霉素的稀释液,两种稀释液在保存72h时,精子活率、顶体完整率、GOT和LDH活性以及存活指数差异极显著(P<0.01).低温保存时,含蜂蜜和卵黄的稀释液对防精子冷刺激、维持精子活率的效果比含葡萄糖、奶粉的稀释液理想.在冷冻保存条件下,以含2%甘油的稀释液保存效果最佳.液态保存(室温、低温)的猪精液,LDH活性随精子活率下降而下降;pH值则都呈先上升后下降的变化趋势.室温保存主要是引起精子顶体脊膨大和保存后期的顶体前端膨大;低温保存主要引起顶体前部膨大和保存后期的少数顶体脱落;冷冻保存主要是造成顶体的膨大程度加大和顶体脱落.3种保存条件都造成精子线粒体透性增强.液态保存和冷冻保存精液的精清GOT活性与顶体完整率无显著相关性(P>0.05).     

酵母培养物对公猪生产性能的影响试验研究

旨在评价酵母培养物(YC)对公猪生产性能的影响。将90头体重约为80kg的公猪随机分为3组,即对照组、试验Ⅰ组和试验Ⅱ组;对照组饲喂基础日粮,试验Ⅰ组和试验Ⅱ组基础日粮中分别添加5kg/t和7kg/t的酵母培养物,预试期5d,正试期45d,试验期间,3组饲养管理条件一致;试验结束时,评定各组公猪精液的颜色、气味,测定并比较各组公猪的精液量、精液pH值、精子活力、精子密度、精子畸形率、抗力指数。结果表明,试验Ⅰ组和试验Ⅱ组公猪的精液颜色和精液气味与对照组相比没有明显差异;3组公猪的精子抗力指数一致;试验Ⅰ组和试验Ⅱ组的精液量、精子活力、精子密度均显著大于对照组(P<0.05),精子畸形率均显著小于对照组(P<0.05),但这4项指标在2个试验组之间差异均不显著(P>0.05);3组公猪的精液pH值差异均不显著(P>0.05)。综上提示,基础日粮中添加一定量的酵母培养物能够提高公猪部分生产性能指标。     

Effects of Selenium Yeast on Growth Performance and Some Blood Biochemical Indexes in Laying Ducks of Rearing Period in Cages under High Ambient Temperature

The study was conducted to determine the effects of different levels of selenium yeast(SeY, added as selenium content) on growth performance and some biochemical indexes in Jinding laying ducks under high temperature (29-35℃). 144 Jinding laying ducks of rearing period (10-16 weeks old) were divided into 4 groups, control group, experimental groups Ⅰ,Ⅱ and Ⅲ, supplemented with 0, 0.15, 0.45 and 0.75 mg/kg Se, respectively. The results showed that compared with the control group, the addition of SeY to the diets could significantly increase the average daily feed intakes (ADFI) of ducks at 14-16 weeks old (P<0.05); The body weights of ducks in group Ⅰ at 13-15 weeks old were significant higher than that in the control group (P<0.05),and the body weight at 16 weeks old was higher than the other three groups significantly (P<0.05),there was no significant difference between the body weight and standard body weight at 16 weeks old in group Ⅰ(P>0.05), but the body weights of other three groups were extremely significantly lower than the standard weight (P<0.01); There was no significant difference among the four groups for feed to gain ratios (F/G), while the group Ⅰ was the lowest; AST activities of group Ⅰ were significantly lower than group Ⅱ(P<0.05), LDH activities of groups Ⅰ,Ⅱ and Ⅲ were lower than the control group significantly (P<0.05), and LDH activities of groupⅠ were lower than groups Ⅱ and Ⅲ significantly (P<0.05). TCH concentrations of groups Ⅰ and Ⅱ were higher than group Ⅲ significantly (P<0.05). It is concluded that the addition of 0.15 mg/kg of Se (added as SeY) could obviously improve the growth performance of the laying ducks in reared cages, protect the function of liver, promote the TCH concentrations of duck serum.     

黄芪多糖对猪精液冷冻保存效果的影响

为了评价黄芪多糖（Astragalus polysaccharides）对外来公猪精液冷冻保存的影响情况,为猪精液冷冻稀释液配方的改良提供理论依据,试验采集美系长白、大约克与杜洛克3种公猪的精液,用添加不同浓度（0、0.01%、0.02%、0.03%、0.04%、0.05%、0.06%）黄芪多糖的冷冻稀释液稀释,0.25 mL塑料细管分装并冷冻,测定解冻后精子活力、畸形率及顶体完整率,并进行相同浓度3种公猪之间和同种公猪不同浓度之间的比较。结果表明,在相同黄芪多糖浓度下,仅杜洛克公猪冻后精子顶体完整率在不添加黄芪多糖时显著高于大约克公猪（P<0.05）,其余均无显著差异（P>0.05）;每种公猪的最佳黄芪多糖添加浓度均为0.04%,在该浓度下精液冻后质量均显著优于对照组（P<0.05）;各种公猪最佳黄芪多糖添加浓度下的精液冻后质量指标之间均无显著差异（P>0.05）。总之,稀释液中添加0.04%黄芪多糖在长白、大约克与杜洛克3种公猪的精液冷冻都可以取得较好的效果。     

冬夏季长白猪精液中细菌多样性与精子质量特性关联分析

为探究冬夏季长白猪精液中细菌多样性变化和精子质量特性之间的相关性,利用16S rRNA基因高通量测序技术得到冬夏季长白猪精液中微生物的特征序列(ASV),计算机辅助精子分析系统(CASA)分析冬夏季精子活力参数指标的变化.结果 显示:长白猪精液中细菌多样性在冬夏季之间差异显著(P＜0.05),门水平冬季优势菌群为厚壁菌...     

鸡精液稀释配方对低温保存精子活力和输精效果的影响

为了完善中国南方地区鸡场公鸡精液的保存技术、提高精液的利用率，本试验研究了在低温（4 ℃）保存的条件下，不同的保存时间（0、4、8、24 h）、不同的稀释液配方（原精液、配方Ⅰ和配方Ⅱ）对精液的精子活力变化以及人工输精繁殖效果的影响。选用33周龄黄鸡母鸡192只、公鸡42只，192只母鸡依笼号分为12组（3种处理精液×4个保存时间），每组16只母鸡，公鸡不分组。统一采精后用两种不同稀释液稀释、低温（4 ℃）保存至0、4、8、24 h后观察精子活力，并对母鸡输精，分组收集鸡蛋，对各组受精率、出雏率、健雏率进行比较分析，以原精液低温保存作为对照。结果显示，两种稀释液组的精子低温（4 ℃）保存4、8、24 h，其精子活力极显著高于原精液组（P<0.01），配方Ⅱ组精子的活力高于配方Ⅰ组（P>0.05）；两种配方稀释液组的精液低温（4 ℃）保存4 h，输精受精率高于原精液组（P<0.05）；两种配方稀释液组的精液在低温（4 ℃）保存8 h，输精受精率极显著高于原精液组（P<0.01）。表明这两种精液稀释液更有利于精液保存，经稀释后的精液可以显著提高受精率，可为中国南方鸡场种公鸡精液保存技术的完善提供有力的数据支撑。     

Effect of Fagopyrum dibotrys (D.Don) Hara on Growth Performance,Immune Function and Intestinal Structure of Broilers

This experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of Fagopyrum dibotrys (D.Don) Hara on growth performance,immune function and intestinal structure of broilers. A total of 270 one-day-old healthy Tiejiaoma broilers were chosen and randomly divided into 3 groups with 6 replicates per group and 15 broilers per replicate.Control group was fed with the basal diet,group Ⅱ was fed with basal diet adding 8% flavomycin 60 mg/kg +15% aureomycin 270 mg/kg and group Ⅲ was fed with basal diet adding 1% Fagopyrum dibotrys (D.Don) Hara. The trial period lasted for 21 days. The results showed as follow:① At 21 days of age,the average daily feed intake of group Ⅲ was significantly lower than that of groups Ⅰ and Ⅱ (P<0.05).However,there was no significant difference in the average daily gain and F/G among the three groups (P>0.05).②At 21 days of age,the thymus and bursa of Fabricius indexes of groups Ⅱ and Ⅲ were significantly higher than that of group Ⅰ (P<0.05);But the spleen index were not significantly different among the three groups (P>0.05).③ At 21 days of age,the content of IgA and IgM in serum of groups Ⅲ were significantly higher than that of group Ⅰ (P<0.05),and the content of IgG in serum of groups Ⅱ and Ⅲ were significantly higher than that of group Ⅰ (P<0.05).④At 21 days of age,the content of IL-2,TNF-α and sIgA in intestinal mucosa of groups Ⅱ and Ⅲ were significantly higher than that of group Ⅰ (P<0.05),and the content of IL-6 in intestinal mucosa of group Ⅲ were significantly higher than that of groups Ⅰ and Ⅱ (P<0.05).⑤At 21 days of age,the villus height of jejunum in groups Ⅱ and Ⅲ were significantly higher than that of group Ⅰ (P<0.05),the villus height/crypt depth of jejunum in group Ⅱ was significantly higher than that of groups Ⅰ and Ⅲ (P<0.05). However,the crypt depth was not significantly different among the three groups (P>0.05).In conclusion,that Fagopyrum dibotrys (D.Don) Hara could not affect the growth performance of broilers,but it could improve the development of immune organs,increase the secretion of serum immunoglobulin, promote the immune function of intestinal mucosa and intestinal morphology of jejunum.     

相对湿度对间歇性偏热环境下肉鸡生长性能、行为及空肠形态结构的影响

本试验旨在研究相对湿度(RH)对31℃偏热环境下肉鸡生长性能、行为及空肠形态结构的影响。试验选取180只22日龄爱拔益加肉鸡随机分成3组(Ⅰ组、Ⅱ组和Ⅲ组),转入环境控制舱,每组6个重复,每个重复10只鸡(公母各占1/2)。预试期7 d,舱内温度21℃,RH60%。正试期14 d,从29日龄开始,每天10:00—16:00(6 h)鸡舍环境温度都维持在31℃保持不变,Ⅰ组、Ⅱ组和Ⅲ组RH分别为30%、60%和85%,剩余时间环境温湿度与预试期相同。结果表明:1)第1~14天,Ⅲ组平均日采食量(ADFI)、平均日增重(ADG)、平均日饮水量显著低于Ⅱ组(P0.05)。2)试验第1、7和14天,Ⅱ组休息行为频次占比显著低于Ⅰ组和Ⅲ组(P0.05),Ⅱ组采食和饮水行为频次占比显著高于Ⅰ组和Ⅲ组(P0.05)。3)试验第1和7天,Ⅰ组、Ⅲ组坐着休息行为频次占比显著低于Ⅱ组(P0.05);试验第7天,Ⅲ组伸展休息行为频次占比显著低于Ⅱ组(P0.05),试验第14天,Ⅰ组、Ⅲ组伸展休息行为频次占比显著低于Ⅱ组(P0.05);试验第1、7和14天,Ⅰ组、Ⅲ组俯伏休息行为频次占比显著高于Ⅱ组(P0.05)。4)Ⅲ组空肠绒毛高度/隐窝深度值显著低于Ⅰ组和Ⅱ组(P0.05)。由此可见,31℃间歇性偏热环境下,不同RH对肉鸡生长性能、行为及空肠形态结构的影响不同,高湿对肉鸡ADG、ADFI和空肠形态结构的影响比低湿大,适宜的RH为60%。