娄底市一起犬感染布鲁氏菌病的流行病学调查

2017年3月娄底市动物疫病预防控制中心通过人感染布病疫情开展动物布病紧急流行病学调查,发现一份犬布鲁氏菌病阳性样品,通过对疫情的发生、疫情追踪溯源及疫情防控等进行调查,初步认定为人和犬感染羊种布鲁氏菌病疫情。     

江华县2017年-2018年牛羊布鲁氏菌病的监测与分析

为切实掌握江华县牛羊布病疫情动态、流行规律,及时发现和处置疫情,2017年-2018年,江华县扎实开展了动物布病流行病学调查与监测工作,共监测规模牛(羊)养殖场(户)138个,检测血清样品7209份,阳性样品1份,个体感染阳性率为0.014%(1/7209),群体阳性率为0.72%(1/138)。对阳性场区按布鲁氏菌病防治技术规范进行了果断处置,布病监测取得了显著成效,布病流行处于稳定控制状态。     

1起人间布鲁氏菌病流行病学调查及处置

2020年由于十堰市2人感染布鲁氏菌病,为查明2例人间布鲁氏菌病之间的联系、了解传播途径以及发展趋势、评估传播风险、科学处置畜间疫情,通过走访、监测、实验室检测等技术手段开展畜间流行病学调查及处置,共监测关联山羊804只,检出布病阳性31只,扑杀33只,总结了导致疫情发生的原因是人员缺乏防护意识,未采取有效的防护措施而导致人畜之间的传播,针对此病提出了预防措施。     

奶牛布病疫情的处置体会

布病是由布鲁氏菌引起的人和多种动物共患的传染病。本文对一起奶牛布病疫情的实验室监测、流行病学调查、防控处置措施等进行了介绍,以期为今后奶牛布病疫情的净化处置提供参考。     

对一起山羊感染布病的处置及布病防控工作的建议

2017年6月,县农林局接县卫计局通报,长沙县一医院确诊1例人感染布氏杆菌病。6月27日,县动物疫病预防控制中心对47份山羊血样送市疫控检验,确诊为阳性。通过对疫情的发生、追踪溯源、疫情处置等措施,提出加大布病防控工作的相关建议。     

山东省某县布鲁氏菌病流行病学调查与分析

近年来,随着家畜饲养量增加和流通频繁,布鲁氏菌病(简称"布病")等人畜共患病呈持续上升势头,不仅严重影响畜牧业生产,也严重危及人民身体健康、公共卫生安全和社会稳定。为了全面了解当地布病发生现状,科学分析其流行规律,有序地开展布病防控与净化工作,及时预警预报布病疫情,为制定布病防控与净化政策和方案提供技术依据,某县2017-2019年连续3年开展布病流行病学调查。     

青海省牛羊布病疫情形势及防治策略

通过2010年-2014年全省牛羊布鲁氏菌病监测和流行病学调查情况,对我省布病疫情流行状况和区域分布进行了全面分析,提出了我省中长期布病防治目标和防治策略。     

2016—2021年青海省畜间布鲁氏杆菌病流行态势

研究旨在全面了解目前青海省畜间布鲁氏杆菌病（简称布病）的流行情况,对2016—2021年的全省布病疫情、监测、流行病学调查和人间感染布病的情况及相关数据通过Excel 2007和SPSS 17.0软件进行结果汇总、统计并分析,运用描述性流行病学方法对青海省畜间布病流行态势进行说明。结果显示：2016—2021年,青海省畜间布病疫情发生情况、抗体监测情况整体呈先下降后急剧上升的态势。羊布病抗体阳性率（1.29%）远高于牛（0.78%）;不同畜种间布病抗体阳性由高到低依次为：其他羊（1.83%）、其他牛（1.14%）、种牛（0.86%）、种羊（0.38%）、奶牛（0.29%）。不同地区间感染率由高到低依次为海南州（3.01%）、西宁市（2.37%）、黄南州（2.07%）果洛州（1.96%）、海北州（1.75%）、海东市（1.35%）、玉树州（0.79%）、海西州（0.63%）,阳性率均较高。研究表明,青海省2016—2021年畜间布病呈升高趋势,做好畜间布病的防控刻不容缓。     

2000年~2015年新疆畜间布鲁氏菌病流行特征分析

本文通过查阅2000年~2015年新疆畜间布鲁氏菌病调查文献资料,从布病流行及防控历史、近15年畜间布鲁氏菌病流行趋势及分布特点、畜间布病疫情反弹的主要因素及防控建议等3个方面对新疆畜间布病流行分布进行了回顾分析,以期为今后新疆布病防控提供科学依据.     

绥宁县首例人感染布鲁氏菌病动物流行病学调查

2015年湖南省绥宁县发现首例人感染布鲁氏菌病病例。为调查该病例传染来源和对人畜的影响,绥宁县兽医局组织专业人员对当地村庄进行动物流行病学调查,并对全县专业场户的牛羊采血筛查。通过走访摸排与病人直接或间接接触的人员,重点调查牛羊养殖、流动及交易等情况,对病人所在地的养殖场进行血清学检测筛查,并根据调查和筛查结果,进一步确认感染源后,对染疫动物采取紧急处置措施。从2016年起,每年对全县牛羊养殖场(户)进行流行病学监测和布鲁氏菌病净化工作,至今未再出现家畜布病阳性血样和人畜感染布病案例。     

癸氧喹酯干混悬剂含量测定的改进

采用高效液相色谱法测定癸氧喹酯干混悬剂的含量,在2-250μg/mL范围内,峰面积的常用对数与进样量浓度的常用对数呈良好的线性关系,R^2=1(n=5),平均回收率为99.24%~99.51%,RSD在0.05%~0.28%。此方法分析时间短,样品前处理简便、定量结果准确,重现性好,结果满意,为其质量控制提供了依据。     

商会自治的基石——商会自治规范研究

在现代法律秩序中,商会自治规范是制定法的基础和必要的补充,甚至在某些方面替代了制定法;商会自治规范主要包括商会组织规范、行为规范、惩罚规范以及争端解决规范等;其效力仅及于其内部成员;商会自治规范和制定法之间存在冲突,但也存在整合的基础。     

猪毛色遗传的研究进展

本文概述了猪的毛色类型、猪的毛色遗传模式,着重综述了猪毛色基因分子基础的研究进展,指出存在问题并就未来发展方向做了思考。     

中华人民共和国农业部公告 第267号

为贯彻落实《兽药生产质量管理规范》(简称《兽药GMP》),进一步推动兽药GMP实施进程,我部制定了《兽药生产质量管理规范检查验收办法》,现予公告。本公告自2003年6月1日起施行。附件:兽药生产质量管理规范检查验收办法二○○三年四月十日第一章 总则 第一条 为推动《兽药生产质量管理规范》(以下简称兽药GMP)的实施,规范兽药GMP检查验收工作,制定本办法。 第二条 农业部负责全国兽药GMP管理和检查验收工作;负责制修订兽药GMP检查验收管理规定;负责兽药GMP检查员队伍建设和监督管理工作,负责国际兽药贸易中GMP互认工作。 …     

鸡败血支原体垂直传播模式及其阻断方法

以国际标准强毒Ｒ株人工感染非免疫产蛋鸡,定时扑杀,分别从鼻窦、眶下孔、气管、肺、气囊、卵巢和输卵管分离ＭＧ,并收集感染鸡所产蛋分离ＭＧ。结果表明,人工感染４８小时后上、下呼吸道及肺已被全面感染,９６小时气囊已被感染,１２０小时输卵管已能分离到ＭＧ,卵巢始终分离不到ＭＧ。人工感染鸡自１４４小时便能在其所产蛋中分离出ＭＧ。药物治疗能在７２小时内消除感染,油乳剂苗则需２４天后逐渐降低蛋内ＭＧ分离率,药物卵内注射、种蛋药浴、高温处理均能杀死卵内ＭＧ,但以研制的种蛋浸泡剂药浴效果为最好。     

Comparison of 2 methods of centesis of the bursa of the biceps brachii tendon of horses

REASONS FOR PERFORMING STUDY: Centesis of the bicipital bursa using an 8.9 cm long spinal needle has been reported but the alternative of employing a 3.8 cm long hypodermic needle requires validation. OBJECTIVE: To compare the efficacy of 2 different methods of centesis of the bicipital bursa and to evaluate the usefulness of ultrasonographic imaging to determine the location of solution administered when centesis of the bursa is attempted. METHODS: For Trial 1, 6 clinicians, who had no previous experience of centesis of the bicipital bursa, attempted to inject a solution composed of an aqueous radiopaque contrast medium and physiological saline solution (PSS) into the bicipital bursae of 2/12 horses using the previously described distal approach to inject one bursa and a proximal approach to inject the contralateral bursa. The bicipital tendon and bursa were examined ultrasonographically before and after injection; and both shoulders were examined radiographically to identify the location of the medium. In Trial 2, another 6 clinicians, also with no previous experience of centesis, repeated Trial 1, using 6 horses, but the radiopaque contrast medium was mixed with air instead of PSS. RESULTS: Accuracy of centesis using the proximal approach was 39% and that of the distal approach 28%. Ultrasonographic examination of the shoulder allowed the location of solution and air to be accurately predicted in all 12 shoulders examined. CONCLUSIONS: Clinicians who have had no previous experience performing centesis of the bicipital bursa are unlikely to be successful in centesis using either approach. Radiographic examination after injecting a radiopaque contrast medium may be necessary to assess the success of centesis especially if bursal fluid is not obtained during centesis. Injecting air along with the radiopaque contrast medium provides more accurate ultrasonographic confirmation of centesis and better radiographic definition than does injection without air.     

不同样本商品蜂蜜中硒含量的测定

用硝酸和高氯酸消化蜂蜜,使硒游离出来,在微酸性环境下,硒和2,3-二氨基萘(DAN)生成有较强荧光的物质,用环己烷萃取,在激发波长378nm,荧光波长518nm处测定其荧光强度。蜂蜜中硒含量范围:0.10～0.82μg/g。表明:蜂蜜应视为天然富硒营养品。     

乳酸杆菌益生作用机制的研究进展

乳酸杆菌作为益生菌广泛用于人和动物。本文综述了乳酸杆菌改善宿主健康的机制。乳酸杆菌可通过产生抗菌物质如乳酸、过氧化氢、细菌素,或者通过竞争营养或肠道黏附位点来抑制致病菌;通过诱导黏附素的分泌或阻止细胞凋亡而增强肠道的屏障功能,从而保护肠道。文章重点讨论了乳酸杆菌表面成分（表面蛋白、脂磷壁酸和肽聚糖）与肠道受体（Ｃ型凝集素受体、Ｔｏｌｌ样受体和 Ｎｏｄ样受体）,阐述了他们结合后启动免疫调节信号,调控肠道免疫功能以发挥改善健康作用的机制。     

Effects of size of ingestively masticated fragments of plant tissues on kinetics of digestion of NDF

Ingestively masticated fragments were collected and sized via sieving. Different sizes of esophageal masticate and ruminal digesta fragments, and ground fragments of larger masticated pieces were incubated in vitro, and undigested NDF remaining at intervals of up to 168 h of incubation was determined. The ruminal age-dependent time delay (tau) for onset of digestion of NDF was positively correlated (P < 0.004) with the mean sieve aperture estimated to retain 50% of the fragments between successive sieve apertures (MRA). Degradation rate of potentially degradable NDF (PDF) and level of indigestible NDF were not related (P > 0.10) to MRA of masticated and ground fragments. Estimates of tau were positively related to MRA, with slopes of bermudagrass < corn silage < ruminal fragments of corn silage. It was concluded that fragment size-, and consequently, ruminal age-dependent onset of PDF degradation of a mixture of different fragment sizes results in an age-dependent rate of degradation of the more rapidly degrading of two subentities of PDF. Models are proposed that assume a tau before onset of simultaneous degradation of PDF from two pools characterized as having gamma-modeled age-dependency and age-constant rates. The ruminal age-dependent pool seems to be associated with the faster-degrading pool, and its rate parameter increases with range in MRA in the population of fragments. Conceptually, the ruminal age-dependent rate parameter for PDF degradation seems to represent a composite of several effects: 1) effects of the size-dependent tau; 2) range in MRA of the population of ingestively masticated fragments; and 3) subentities of PDF that degrade via more rapid age-dependent rates compared with subentities of PDF that degrade via age-constant rates. The estimated fractional rates of ruminative comminution of ingestively masticated fragments (0.060 to 0.075/h) were of a magnitude similar to the mean fractional rates of PDF digestion (0.030 to 0.085/h), which implies that ruminative comminution may be first-limiting to fractional rate of PDF digestion. The in vivo roles of ingestive and ruminative mastication of fragments on PDF degradation must be considered in any kinetic system for estimating PDF digestion in the rumen. These results and others in the literature suggest that the rate of surface area exposure rather than intrinsic chemical attributes of PDF may be first-limiting to degradation rate of PDF in vivo.