伊犁部分地区绵羊的单增李氏杆菌病病原的分离鉴定及带菌率调查

根据国家标准(GB 4789 30-2010)对伊犁部分地区(昭苏县、尼勒克县、霍城县、察布查尔县)羊场的绵羊、青贮饲料进行随机采样,通过培养特性、生化特性对分离株进行鉴定。结果从绵羊体内及青贮饲料中分离出14株单增李氏杆菌,并初步调查了这些地区绵羊及饲喂的青贮饲料中单核细胞增多性李氏杆菌的带菌率。     

绵羊单核细胞增多性李氏杆菌带菌情况的调查研究

对伊犁部分地区健康绵羊的鼻拭子、肛拭子、青贮、土壤进行检测,共检测280个样本,经培养特性、生化特性鉴定,并针对单核细胞增多性李氏杆菌高度保守的hly基因设计的特异性引物进行PCR扩增,同时对扩增产物进行分析,结果有5株分离株为单核细胞增多性李氏杆菌,分布率达1.78%。ERIC-PCR结果表明,此5株单核细胞增多性李氏杆菌与标准单核细胞增多性李氏杆菌对照株指纹图谱有差异,属于不同基因型。     

新疆不同来源单核细胞增生性李斯特氏菌分离株的部分生物学特性及相关性分析

为研究8株来自新疆发病绵羊和健康绵羊的单核细胞增生性李斯特氏菌(LM)分离株的部分生物学特性及相关性,本实验对8株LM分离株进行小鼠致病力检测、多重PCR谱系鉴定、血清型鉴定及InlA基因的PCR-RFLP分析。结果显示,健康绵羊与临床发病绵羊中分离的LM分离株对小鼠具有相同的致病性;除1株临床分离株为血清型4b和谱系Ⅰ外,其余7株均为血清型1/2a和谱系Ⅱ;5株健康绵羊分离株的毒力基因InlA的PCR-RFLP复合基因型均为E型,而3株临床发病绵羊中的分离株为C型或B型。两种不同来源LM在小鼠致病性血清型及谱系上具有一致性及相关性,但其毒力基因InlA存在多样性。初步揭示健康绵羊携带的LM可以经内源性感染而发生李氏杆菌病,表明内源性感染是造成绵羊李氏杆菌病流行的一种传染方式。     

新疆绵羊及其环境中李氏杆菌的生态分布多样性调查

对新疆健康绵羊及其相关环境如青贮饲料、饮水、土壤、鸟粪中李氏杆菌(Listeria)种群采用改良国标法(4789.30-2010)进行生态分布多样性调查,并对分离的单核细胞增多性李氏杆菌(L.monocytogenes)采用PCR方法进行溶血素基因(hly)和血清型检测。结果:514份样本中,共检出阳性样本26份,平均阳性率为5.1%,其中羊体分离率为6.2%(22/353),饮水分离率为33%(2/6),鸟粪分离率为3.0%(2/67),其余样本均为阴性;26份阳性样品中,检出单核细胞增多性李氏杆菌5株,塞氏李氏杆菌(L.seeligeries)21株,且5株单核细胞增多性李氏杆菌均检出溶血素基因,血清型为1/2a。     

单核细胞增多性李氏杆菌人工感染绵羊试验

将人从病羊脑分离纯化的单核细胞增多性李氏杆菌经列脉接种于健康得奴绵羊３只,结果被感染绵羊均表现出与自然感染绵羊相同的临床症状和病理变化,并从脑、心血、淋巴结中回收到了单核细胞增钨生李氏杆菌,从而证明了该分离株单核细胞增多性李氏杆菌具有较强的致病性。     

猪种布氏杆菌WboA基因缺失株对绵羊的免疫剂量及免疫程序研究

为优化猪种布氏杆菌WboA基因缺失株(B.suisΔWboA)对绵羊的免疫条件,本研究采用1岁左右的成年雌性绵羊对B.suisΔWboA的免疫剂量及免程序进行了比较研究。实验分5个组进行,其中A、B、C 3个试验组分别以2倍剂量重复接种、4倍剂量重复接种和单剂量1次接种B.suisΔWboA,D组单剂量1次接种猪种布氏杆菌S2疫苗株(B.suis S2),E组为空白对照组。各组羊首免后7 d、21 d和35 d分别采血,测定血清抗体水平;在首免后35 d,分别采用布氏杆菌强毒菌M28株(B.melitensis M28),经腹股沟皮下注射攻毒。攻毒后28 d,分别取试验羊的脾脏分离攻毒菌株。所有试验羊,在实施攻毒前,其精神、食欲均正常。血清抗体测定结果表明,在二免7 d、21 d后,A组和B组试验羊的抗体水平明显高于C组,而且均超过D组试验羊的抗体水平。攻毒后的细菌分离结果表明,攻毒后28 d,A组和B组试验羊的脾脏细菌分离数量明显低于C组试验羊,并且均低于D组试验羊的细菌分离水平。实验结果表明,B.suisΔWboA的免疫剂量由单倍改为2倍或4倍,免疫程序由单剂量1次改为2倍或4倍剂量2次,可以明显提高免疫效果,并达到与亲本疫苗菌株B.suis S2的免疫水平。     

单增李斯特菌(LM90)inlA单基因及inlB/inlA双基因缺失株的构建及其生物学特性初步研究

为探究内化素inlA、inlB基因缺失对单核细胞增生性李斯特菌(LM)生物学特性的影响,本研究采用同源重组技术构建了inlA基因缺失株(LM90-inlA)和inlB、inlA双基因缺失株(LM90-ΔinlB/ΔinlA),并对其生物学特性进行了初步研究。结果显示:PCR和测序结果证实成功构建了目的基因(inlA、inlB)缺失株;菌落PCR和测序结果显示2种缺失株在体外连续培养20代过程中均能稳定遗传;生长特性实验表明2种缺失株与亲本株生长差异无统计学意义(t_(LM90/LM90-ΔinlA=0.34),p0.05;t_(LM90/LM90-ΔinlB/ΔinlA)=0.324,p0.05;t_(LM90-ΔinlA/LM90-ΔinlB/ΔinlA)=0.008,p0.05)且inlA缺失后2缺失株对小鼠的LD_(50)分别升高了0.64、1.26个对数数量级。研究结果表明inlA基因和inlB基因对LM90的部分生物学特性具有一定的调控作用,这对于阐明LM毒力因子的致病机理提供了参考依据,也为研究内化素介导LM穿越血脑屏障(BBB)的作用机制奠定了科学基础。     

牛多杀性巴氏杆菌病灭活疫苗的实验室制备及小鼠攻毒试验分析

从患病牛中分离的两株A型多杀性巴氏杆菌WC1654株和LD01株分别进行生化试验、PCR鉴定、LD50测定、细菌灭活、疫苗配置、小鼠免疫和攻毒保护试验。PCR结果显示,两株多杀性巴氏杆菌WC1654株和LD01株均含有5种毒力基因。攻毒试验结果灭活疫苗对免疫小鼠保护率为60%。为巴氏杆菌病高效疫苗的研究与开发奠定基础,为防治牛A型多杀性巴氏杆菌病提供一种生物制品。     

新疆绵羊致病株李氏杆菌鉴别试验

李氏杆菌病是由单核细胞增多症李氏杆菌(LM)引起人与动物的一种共患传染病,其中以绵羊的敏感性最强。近几年,本病对新疆养羊业造成严重危害。本研究采用生化反应,溶血试验,致病力试验,对分离的新疆5株绵羊致病株李氏杆菌90SB_1,90SB_2,90SB_5,90SS_1,125SL 进行了种的鉴别测定,试验结果,五株绵羊致病株(野毒株),在生化反应,培养特性,溶血性,致病性等方面表现高度的一致性,属于同一种 LM。     

新疆绵羊致病株李氏杆菌鉴别试验

李氏杆菌病是由单核细胞增多症李氏杆菌(LM)引起人与动物的一种共患传染病,其中以绵羊的敏感性最强。近几年,本病对新疆养羊业造成严重危害。本研究采用生化反应、溶血试验、致病力试验,对分离的新疆5株绵羊致病株李氏杆菌90SB1、90SB2、90SB5、90SS1、125SL进行了种的鉴别测定     

单增李斯特菌srtA基因缺失株的构建及srtA基因对其毒力的影响研究

为了研究srtA 基因对单增李斯特菌LM90SB2毒力的影响,本研究利用同源重组技术构建了LM90SB2 srtA 基因缺失株LM90SB2-ΔsrtA,比较分析了亲本株LM90SB2与缺失株LM90SB2-ΔsrtA对MBMEC、HBMEC、RAW264.7、SIEC 4种细胞系的粘附、侵袭、胞内增值能力及LM90SB2和LM90SB2-ΔsrtA 感染小鼠后,小鼠的LD50及肝脏、脾脏、脑载菌量变化差异。结果显示,本研究成功构建了srtA 基因缺失株;与亲本株LM90SB2比较,缺失株LM90SB2-ΔsrtA 对RAW264.7和SIEC的粘附率、侵袭率及胞内细菌数量均下降,且差异具有显著统计学意义(p <0.05);小鼠 LD50降低了21.38倍,肝脏、脾脏载菌量降低,差异具有显著统计学意义(p <0.05)。本研究结果表明,srtA 基因对单增李斯特菌LM90SB2的毒力具有关键作用,参与粘附、侵袭BMEC,该研究结果为进一步阐明单增李斯特菌毒力因子的致病机制提供理论依据。     

新疆不同来源单核细胞增生李斯特氏菌血清型的多重PCR鉴定

为鉴定分离自新疆北疆绵羊单核细胞增生李斯特氏菌,本研究采用多重PCR方法,鉴定来自病发地区部分羊场的发病绵羊、健康绵羊、羊舍环境和乌鸦粪分离的30株李斯特氏菌分离株的8株单核细胞增生李斯特氏菌分离株血清型。结果为4株发病绵羊株有3株鉴定为单核细胞增生李斯特氏菌,血清型为1/2a或4b,1株为非单核细胞增生李斯特氏菌;5株健康绵羊株血清型为1/2a;其余来自羊舍水源的3株、乌鸦粪的2株及健康绵羊16株为非单核细胞增生李斯特氏菌,表明来自发病绵羊、健康绵羊及参考菌株LM血清型之间具有相关性。     

豫西地区市售鸭翅中单增李斯特菌毒力基因的检测

为分析来自豫西地区市售鸭翅中单增李斯特菌毒力基因的分布变化,本研究以分离自豫西地区市售鸭翅的11株单增李斯特菌分离株为研究对象,利用PCR方法进行8种毒力基因的检测(inlA、inlB、virR、mprF、dltA、dltB、dltC、dltD基因)。结果显示有3株出现了基因缺失,dltA基因检出率为90.9%(10/11),dltC、mprF基因检出率均为81.8%(9/11),其他基因全部呈阳性。这些毒力基因在单增李斯特菌分离株中分布广泛,对豫西地区市售鸭翅具有潜在的威胁,应引起食品监管部门的高度关注。     

用四重PCR检测方法检测产单核细胞李斯特菌

为了同时快速准确的检测产单核细胞李斯特菌以及是否为有毒力的产单核细胞李斯特菌,根据相关文献报道的四重PCR方法,针对该菌的种特异性基因inl A基因进行引物设计,扩增片段大小为800bp,结果应用该PCR法可特异性的扩增出目的基因片段,与GenBank上发表的序列同源性为97.3%。同时通过对毒力基因inlB,inlC和inlJ的检测用来判断菌株的相关毒力。而同一属的其他菌种无害李斯特菌(L.innocua),韦氏李斯特菌(L.welshimeri)均无特异条带,嗜水气单胞菌(J-1),产气荚膜梭菌(C57-13),大肠埃希菌(ATCC 25922),鼠伤寒沙门菌(C79-32),金黄色葡萄球菌(ATCC 25923)结果均为阴性。对临床上送检的23份样品进行四重PCR方法检测并同时与国家标准GB/T22429-2008食品中单核细胞增生李斯特氏菌的快速筛选检验中使用的检测方法进行比对,两种检测方法的结果完全符合,均检测出7份阳性样品。并且四重PCR法表明这7份阳性样品中的产单核细胞李斯特菌均携带有3种毒力因子(inlB,inlC和inlJ),因此该四重PCR法可用于快速鉴定是否是有毒力的产单核细胞李斯特菌,为有效预防控制产单核细胞李斯特菌污染提供技术支撑。     

Characterization of virulence properties of Listeria monocytogenes serotype 4b strains of different origins

In this study, the virulence heterogeneity of Listeria monocytogenes serotype 4b strains of different origins was analysed on different levels. On one hand, the survival of L. monocytogenes strains in synthetic gastric fluid was studied. On the other hand, the pathogenic potential of strains with different inlB expression levels was analysed in an A/J mouse model for gastrointestinal listeriosis. Differences in survival capacity in gastric fluid and in in vivo virulence potential were observed between the tested strains. No clear correlation between the origin and the obtained data could be made. However, these results confirm the existence of heterogeneity in virulence potential of L. monocytogenes serotype 4b strains.     

Associations among Listeria monocytogenes genotypes and distinct clinical manifestations of listeriosis in cattle

OBJECTIVE: To determine whether specific strains of Listeria monocytogenes, as determined by genetic characteristics and virulence phenotypes, were associated with distinct clinical manifestations of listeriosis in cattle and thus may potentially have tissue specificity. ANIMALS: 32 cattle. PROCEDURE: DNA sequence data for the virulence genes actAand inlAwere used to infer the phylogeny of L. monocytogenes and to test for positive selection. Isolates were screened for the presence or absence of internalin genes and assigned an internalin profile. Plaquing assays were performed to determine the relative cytopathogenicity of each isolate. Categorical data analyses were performed to describe associations among L. monocytogenes genotypes, virulence phenotypes, and clinical manifestations of listeriosis. RESULTS: Results confirmed that L. monocytogenes represents 2 deeply separated evolutionary lineages. Genes actA and inlA contained amino acid sites under positive selection, and specific residues at some sites were associated with lineage and manifestation of listeriosis. Whereas lineage I was clonal and predominantly composed of isolates from cases of encephalitis, lineage II was more genetically diverse and equally represented by isolates from cases of encephalitis versus septicemia and fetal infection. Lineage I isolates also had greater cytopathogenicity in vitro, compared with lineage II isolates. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE: Results indicated that L. monocytogenes virulence genes underwent positive selection that is consistent with the diversification of 2 evolutionary lineages: lineage I is clonal and associated with encephalitis, and lineage II is more genetically diverse and equally likely to cause both major forms of listeriosis in cattle.     

Isolation of Listeria monocytogenes from buffaloes with reproductive disorders and its confirmation by polymerase chain reaction

Listeria monocytogenes, a gram-positive, facultative intracellular pathogen was isolated from buffaloes with a history of reproductive disorders and polymerase chain reaction (PCR) analyses for the presence of virulence-associated genes were conducted. A total of 530 samples of faecal, nasal, vaginal swabs and blood samples from 135 buffaloes were screened. The prevalence of L. monocytogenes and other Listeria spp. was found to be 4.4 and 7.4%, respectively. All isolates were subjected to PCR for virulence-associated genes (prfA, plcA, hlyA, actA and iap) and to pathogenicity testing by the phosphatidylinositol phospholipase C (PI-PLC) assay and mice and chick-embryo inoculation. All L. monocytogenes isolates were hemolytic and positive for the hlyA gene. One L. monocytogenes isolate possessed all five virulence-associated genes and was also positive in the PI-PLC assay as well as in the in vivo pathogenicity tests. The remaining hemolytic L. monocytogenes isolates lacking the plcA gene and PI-PLC assay activity were, however, non-pathogenic via mice and chick-embryo inoculation tests, in spite of having the hlyA gene. The detection of multiple virulence-associated genes, in combination with in vitro pathogenicity tests, must be performed to identify pathogenic L. monocytogenes.     

Construction and Partial Biological Characteristics Analysis of Listeriolysin S llsB Gene Deletion Strain

In order to analyze the effect of listeriolysin S (LLS) llsB gene deletion on the biological characteristics of Listeria monocytogenes (LM),this study used homologous recombination to construct the llsB gene deletion strain LM90-ΔllsB,and the biological characteristics of growth characteristics,median lethal dose (LD₅₀) and organ-borne bacteria were studied in healthy Kunming male mice at 8 weeks old and weighing 40 g±5 g.The llsB gene deletion strain was successfully constructed,and the deletion strain had good genetic stability through continuous passage to 20 generations in vitro.Based on its growth curve examination,we found that the growth rate of the mutant strain was slightly higher than that of the parent strain.The results of mice infection test showed that the LD₅₀ of the parent strain and the deletion strain were 10^6.17 and 10^6.50 CFU,respectively.Compared with the parent strain,the amount of bacteria load of the deletion strain in the liver and spleen of the mice was extremely significantly decreased (P<0.01),the results showed that the infection ability of the mutant strain on mice was obviously weakened.No Listeria monocytogenes was detected in the brain.The results suggested that llsB gene might have direct or indirect regulatory effect on some biological characteristics of LM90,and it would provide a theoretical basis for further understanding of the pathogenic mechanism of LLS,prevention and control of listeriosis.