口服吡喹酮治疗耕牛血吸虫病出现严重过敏反应病例观察与处理

<正> 吡喹酮治疗家畜血吸虫病具有疗效高,安全性大,副反应少等优点。历年来,我们在疫区乡、镇、场广泛地应用吡喹酮进行口服或三胃注射治疗耕牛血吸虫病,在治疗过程中,除有少数牛只出现有瘤胃胀气或腹泻等程度不一的副反应外,一般均无不良反应,并收到了很好的防治效果。去年我们应用上海第六制药厂生产的白色微晶吡喹酮药粉,在全县疫区五个家畜血防专业组中,全面推行口服治疗血吸虫病牛,共治疗耕牛4904头,其中水牛4289头,黄牛     

应用吡喹酮治疗耕牛血吸虫病报告

湖北省是全国最严重的血吸虫病疫区之一,病人、病畜(主要是耕牛)居全口之首。自1992年实施世行贷款血防项目,应用吡喹酮大面积治疗耕牛血吸虫病以来,使我省耕牛疫情得到了明显遏制。1994年全省疫区耕牛存栏307443头,检查261542头,检出阳性病牛12554头,感染率为4.8％,利用吡喹酮治     

耕牛血吸虫重复感染及其影响因素的调查

在日本血吸虫病重疫区,以粪检阳性病牛治愈后的作为研究对象,跟踪调查了重复感染及其影响因素,调查结果表明：在重疫区内,重复感染率为13.75%;耕牛的重感率和疫区内耕牛感染率呈正相关;随着年龄增加,重感率逐渐下降;重感率的高低与性别无关。重复感染与环境因素密切相关;垸外牛高于垸内牛;水田使役为主的牛高于旱地使役为主的牛;钉螺面积大小与重感率呈正相关。     

吡喹酮口服治疗耕牛血吸虫病出现过敏反应病例的观察

<正> 我们用上海制药厂生产的白色微晶吡喹酮药粉,批号为900538号。在瑞洪、三塘两个家畜血防组进行治疗耕牛血吸虫病的病牛,计2157头,其中水牛1922头,黄牛235头。口服吡喹酮总剂量是:水牛体重为25mg/kg,限量400公斤,黄牛体重为30mg/kg,限量300公斤,均采取一次性灌服药粉的治疗方法。历年来,我们在疫区乡、镇、场,广泛应用吡喹酮药粉口服治疗后,     

实行承包制,搞好耕牛血防工作

我区是全省血吸虫病的重疫区之一。疫区耕牛46992头,现有钉螺面积26万余亩。随着农村生产责任制的落实,我区耕牛血吸虫病的防治工作取得了较好的成绩,查治质量不断提高,近两年疫区耕牛感染血吸虫病的数量显著下降,病牛感染率由1958年的16%和1980年     

“九○安”对血吸虫病化疗牛药物副反应的抑制效果观察

当前,国内普遍选用吡喹酮化疗牛血吸虫病,它具有疗效高、疗程短、毒性低、投药简便等优点。但吡喹酮有一定的毒性,使用吡喹酮会引起部分牛发生副反应,副反应发生率在10％以上,国内均有此报道。我站于1990－1991年进行了“九○安”对吡喹酮治牛血吸虫病副反应的抑制效果的试验,试验结果表明：“九○安”对吡喹酮化疗牛血吸虫病副反应的抑制效果明显,抑制率在99％以上,且对吡喹酮的疗效无影响。为了进一步观察初试结果,笔者于1994～1996年结合当年耕牛血吸虫病的化疗工作进行了扩大观察研究,现报告如下：1吡喹酮副反应的表现及其影…     

水牛口服吡喹酮副反应与处理

目的观察吡喹酮粉剂口服受治水牛出现副反应症状及处理方法的效果，为大面积治疗水牛血吸虫病提供经验。方法试验对受治的4115头水牛进行副反应症状的观察和治疗。结果受治水牛出现腹泻时肌注痢菌净，静注5％葡萄糖液，瘤胃臌气时用口服鱼石脂或大黄苏打片同时皮下注射新斯的明，过敏时肌注地塞米松。结论吡喹酮是用于治疗水牛血吸虫病完全有效的药物，但在服药过程中，受治水牛会出现腹泻＼瘤胃臌气及过敏反应，大部分水牛不经处理副反应会逐渐消失，副反应严重时必须进行对症治疗。     

阳新县动物血吸虫病疫情现状及防治对策

阳新县是血吸虫病重疫区,自2001年至今,全县耕牛血吸虫的感染率长期居高不下,在有些地方呈现逐步上升的趋势,目前钉螺和感染病牛成为血吸虫病的主要传染源,在这一新的形势下,动物血防部门应重新明确动物血防工作的定位,应建立科学的预防屏障体系,加强耕牛的管理,采取综合防治措施,走效益型血防之路。     

阳新县动物血吸虫病疫情现状及防治对策

阳新县是血吸虫病重疫区，自2001年至今，全县耕牛血吸虫的感染率长期居高不下，在有些地方呈现逐步上升的趋势，目前钉螺和感染病牛成为血吸虫病的主要传染源，在这一新的形势下，动物血防部门应重新明确动物血防工作的定位，应建立科学的预防屏障体系，加强耕牛的管理，采取综合防治措施，走效益型血防之路。     

“7505”治疗耕牛血吸虫病的药物反应

我县是耕牛血吸虫病的重疫区。经过多年来的查治。病牛由1973年的5209头,感染率13.7%。到1979年下降到1768头,感染率5.8%。为了加快消灭耕牛血吸虫病的步伐。根据新药“7505”疗效高、疗程短、     

癸氧喹酯干混悬剂含量测定的改进

采用高效液相色谱法测定癸氧喹酯干混悬剂的含量,在2-250μg/mL范围内,峰面积的常用对数与进样量浓度的常用对数呈良好的线性关系,R^2=1(n=5),平均回收率为99.24%~99.51%,RSD在0.05%~0.28%。此方法分析时间短,样品前处理简便、定量结果准确,重现性好,结果满意,为其质量控制提供了依据。     

商会自治的基石——商会自治规范研究

在现代法律秩序中,商会自治规范是制定法的基础和必要的补充,甚至在某些方面替代了制定法;商会自治规范主要包括商会组织规范、行为规范、惩罚规范以及争端解决规范等;其效力仅及于其内部成员;商会自治规范和制定法之间存在冲突,但也存在整合的基础。     

猪毛色遗传的研究进展

本文概述了猪的毛色类型、猪的毛色遗传模式,着重综述了猪毛色基因分子基础的研究进展,指出存在问题并就未来发展方向做了思考。     

中华人民共和国农业部公告 第267号

为贯彻落实《兽药生产质量管理规范》(简称《兽药GMP》),进一步推动兽药GMP实施进程,我部制定了《兽药生产质量管理规范检查验收办法》,现予公告。本公告自2003年6月1日起施行。附件:兽药生产质量管理规范检查验收办法二○○三年四月十日第一章 总则 第一条 为推动《兽药生产质量管理规范》(以下简称兽药GMP)的实施,规范兽药GMP检查验收工作,制定本办法。 第二条 农业部负责全国兽药GMP管理和检查验收工作;负责制修订兽药GMP检查验收管理规定;负责兽药GMP检查员队伍建设和监督管理工作,负责国际兽药贸易中GMP互认工作。 …     

鸡败血支原体垂直传播模式及其阻断方法

以国际标准强毒Ｒ株人工感染非免疫产蛋鸡,定时扑杀,分别从鼻窦、眶下孔、气管、肺、气囊、卵巢和输卵管分离ＭＧ,并收集感染鸡所产蛋分离ＭＧ。结果表明,人工感染４８小时后上、下呼吸道及肺已被全面感染,９６小时气囊已被感染,１２０小时输卵管已能分离到ＭＧ,卵巢始终分离不到ＭＧ。人工感染鸡自１４４小时便能在其所产蛋中分离出ＭＧ。药物治疗能在７２小时内消除感染,油乳剂苗则需２４天后逐渐降低蛋内ＭＧ分离率,药物卵内注射、种蛋药浴、高温处理均能杀死卵内ＭＧ,但以研制的种蛋浸泡剂药浴效果为最好。     

Comparison of 2 methods of centesis of the bursa of the biceps brachii tendon of horses

REASONS FOR PERFORMING STUDY: Centesis of the bicipital bursa using an 8.9 cm long spinal needle has been reported but the alternative of employing a 3.8 cm long hypodermic needle requires validation. OBJECTIVE: To compare the efficacy of 2 different methods of centesis of the bicipital bursa and to evaluate the usefulness of ultrasonographic imaging to determine the location of solution administered when centesis of the bursa is attempted. METHODS: For Trial 1, 6 clinicians, who had no previous experience of centesis of the bicipital bursa, attempted to inject a solution composed of an aqueous radiopaque contrast medium and physiological saline solution (PSS) into the bicipital bursae of 2/12 horses using the previously described distal approach to inject one bursa and a proximal approach to inject the contralateral bursa. The bicipital tendon and bursa were examined ultrasonographically before and after injection; and both shoulders were examined radiographically to identify the location of the medium. In Trial 2, another 6 clinicians, also with no previous experience of centesis, repeated Trial 1, using 6 horses, but the radiopaque contrast medium was mixed with air instead of PSS. RESULTS: Accuracy of centesis using the proximal approach was 39% and that of the distal approach 28%. Ultrasonographic examination of the shoulder allowed the location of solution and air to be accurately predicted in all 12 shoulders examined. CONCLUSIONS: Clinicians who have had no previous experience performing centesis of the bicipital bursa are unlikely to be successful in centesis using either approach. Radiographic examination after injecting a radiopaque contrast medium may be necessary to assess the success of centesis especially if bursal fluid is not obtained during centesis. Injecting air along with the radiopaque contrast medium provides more accurate ultrasonographic confirmation of centesis and better radiographic definition than does injection without air.     

不同样本商品蜂蜜中硒含量的测定

用硝酸和高氯酸消化蜂蜜,使硒游离出来,在微酸性环境下,硒和2,3-二氨基萘(DAN)生成有较强荧光的物质,用环己烷萃取,在激发波长378nm,荧光波长518nm处测定其荧光强度。蜂蜜中硒含量范围:0.10～0.82μg/g。表明:蜂蜜应视为天然富硒营养品。     

乳酸杆菌益生作用机制的研究进展

乳酸杆菌作为益生菌广泛用于人和动物。本文综述了乳酸杆菌改善宿主健康的机制。乳酸杆菌可通过产生抗菌物质如乳酸、过氧化氢、细菌素,或者通过竞争营养或肠道黏附位点来抑制致病菌;通过诱导黏附素的分泌或阻止细胞凋亡而增强肠道的屏障功能,从而保护肠道。文章重点讨论了乳酸杆菌表面成分（表面蛋白、脂磷壁酸和肽聚糖）与肠道受体（Ｃ型凝集素受体、Ｔｏｌｌ样受体和 Ｎｏｄ样受体）,阐述了他们结合后启动免疫调节信号,调控肠道免疫功能以发挥改善健康作用的机制。     

Effects of size of ingestively masticated fragments of plant tissues on kinetics of digestion of NDF

Ingestively masticated fragments were collected and sized via sieving. Different sizes of esophageal masticate and ruminal digesta fragments, and ground fragments of larger masticated pieces were incubated in vitro, and undigested NDF remaining at intervals of up to 168 h of incubation was determined. The ruminal age-dependent time delay (tau) for onset of digestion of NDF was positively correlated (P < 0.004) with the mean sieve aperture estimated to retain 50% of the fragments between successive sieve apertures (MRA). Degradation rate of potentially degradable NDF (PDF) and level of indigestible NDF were not related (P > 0.10) to MRA of masticated and ground fragments. Estimates of tau were positively related to MRA, with slopes of bermudagrass < corn silage < ruminal fragments of corn silage. It was concluded that fragment size-, and consequently, ruminal age-dependent onset of PDF degradation of a mixture of different fragment sizes results in an age-dependent rate of degradation of the more rapidly degrading of two subentities of PDF. Models are proposed that assume a tau before onset of simultaneous degradation of PDF from two pools characterized as having gamma-modeled age-dependency and age-constant rates. The ruminal age-dependent pool seems to be associated with the faster-degrading pool, and its rate parameter increases with range in MRA in the population of fragments. Conceptually, the ruminal age-dependent rate parameter for PDF degradation seems to represent a composite of several effects: 1) effects of the size-dependent tau; 2) range in MRA of the population of ingestively masticated fragments; and 3) subentities of PDF that degrade via more rapid age-dependent rates compared with subentities of PDF that degrade via age-constant rates. The estimated fractional rates of ruminative comminution of ingestively masticated fragments (0.060 to 0.075/h) were of a magnitude similar to the mean fractional rates of PDF digestion (0.030 to 0.085/h), which implies that ruminative comminution may be first-limiting to fractional rate of PDF digestion. The in vivo roles of ingestive and ruminative mastication of fragments on PDF degradation must be considered in any kinetic system for estimating PDF digestion in the rumen. These results and others in the literature suggest that the rate of surface area exposure rather than intrinsic chemical attributes of PDF may be first-limiting to degradation rate of PDF in vivo.