水稻光温敏核不育系C815S在海南保亭冬繁关键技术研究

研究了插栽密度、赶粉、喷“九二○”等关键栽术对水稻光温敏核不育系C815S在海南保亭冬繁产量的影响.结果表明:C815S可在海南保亭进行冬季繁殖,在11月中旬播种,育性敏感期处在1月下旬至2月上中旬,在插栽密度较低条件下其结实率可达72.7％,产量可达4.34 t/hm2;C815S繁殖的适宜移栽密度是30.3万穴/hm2;赶粉对C815S繁殖产量的提高最为经济有效;喷施“九二○”对C815S繁殖产量的提高不明显,生产中可以不使用.     

水稻光温敏核不育系C815S的繁殖特性研究

对水稻光温敏核不育系C815S的低温处理试验初步表明,其适宜繁殖条件是短光照条件下20.5℃的冷水处理和21.0℃的低温处理。短光照低温条件下,C815S的繁殖结实率可达到正常水稻的水平,易获得高产。在实际生产中,其适宜繁殖方式是短光照条件下,用18.5~19.5℃冷水串灌处理,以保证其幼穗部位处于20.0~20.5℃低温条件。     

两系超级杂交稻新组合C两优396高产制种技术

介绍了C两优396(C815S/R396)亲本的主要特征特性及其高产制种技术措施。     

两系杂交水稻C两优396秋制高产技术

介绍了两系杂交稻C两优396(C815S/R396)父母本的特征特性,总结了其秋季制种的高产技术。     

水稻低温敏核不育系29S冷水串灌高产繁殖技术

介绍了利用郴州东江河冷水结合环境低温条件,按照"保证丰体、兼顾两头"的原则对水稻低温敏核不育系29S进行冷水串灌的高产繁殖技术措施,并对Z9S的繁殖季节和冷灌起止时间进行了探讨.     

水稻三系不育系绿3 A的特征特性及高产繁殖技术

介绍了籼稻不育系绿3A的特征特性,提出了确定产量目标、合理安排播种期、培育壮秧、建立合理高产群体结构、抓好病虫害防治、采取综合措施提高异交结实率、全程严格防杂等高产繁殖技术。     

高产优质两系杂交中稻新组合C两优华占

C两优华占是北京金色农华种业科技股份有限公司以C815S为母本、华占为父本配组育成的高产优质杂交中稻新组合,于2013年通过国家和湖北省品种审定。介绍了该组合的选育经过、特征特性、栽培及制种技术要点。     

水稻光温敏核不育系株系育性鉴定保纯法原种生产技术

针对两系法杂交水稻生产中迫切需要解决光温敏不育系不育起点温度漂变的问题,结合多年两系法杂交水稻育种经验和光温敏核不育系C815S原种生产实践,提出了水稻光温敏核不育系株系育性鉴定保纯法原种生产技术,阐述了单株选择、田块选择和季节安排、大田栽培管理、育性鉴定、冷水串灌、再生繁殖、收种等关键技术措施。     

两系杂交稻组合C两优608优质高产制种技术

2009—2013年在湖南省永州市江永县松柏制种基地制种两系杂交水稻C两优608(C815S/R608),5 a加权平均单产3.22t/hm2,最高年份单产3.55 t/hm2,种子发芽率在85%以上,纯度在99%以上。结合其双亲的特征特性,提出了优质保纯高产制种的相应技术措施。     

高产优质多抗杂交中籼稻新组合C两优300

C两优300是黄山市农业科学研究所与北京金色农华种业科技股份有限公司以C815S为母本、ZR300为父本配组育成的高产、优质、多抗杂交中籼稻新组合,2018年通过安徽省农作物品种审定委员会审定。主要介绍了该组合的选育经过、特征特性、栽培技术和制种技术要点。     

Factors in the Reduction in Grain Number in Winter Wheat by Early-Sowing in Yamaguchi

Abstract

Grain number per spike of wheat is lower in early sowing than in the conventional standard cultivation in Yamaguchi, Prefecture, Japan. Components of the grain number per spike in five cultivars were analyzed with respect to temperature during the spike development period throughout three growing seasons 2001/2002, 2002/2003 and 2003/2004 to find the cause of the problem of early sowing cultivation. The plants sown in early-October and late-November were called the early sown group and the standard group, respectively, in the following. Three of the five cultivars, Hokushin, Akitakko and Nanbukomugi, showed a strong winter habit, which requires very cold temperatures for spike differentiation. The other two cultivars, Iwainodaichi and Airakomugi, had a moderate winter habit. Grain number per spike and grain yield were decreased by early-sowing (compare with the standard group) in almost all cultivars throughout the three growing seasons. The three cultivars which had a strong winter habit had fewer spikelets per spike in the early-sown group than in the standard group. The other two cultivars which had a moderate winter habit had fewer grains per spikelet in the early-sown group. The higher the temperature during the spikelet formation phase, which is from flag leaf initiation to terminal spikelet initiation, the higher the number of spikelets per spike in the standard group. The spikelet number per spike in the early-sown group increased with the increase in productive tillers under fertile conditions. Such conditions also increased the grain number per spike.     

Allelopathy in Agroecosystems in Spain

Summary

This paper reviews the effects of allelopathic interactions in agroecosystems in Spain on plant physiological activity and their ecological advantages. The phenological stage of growth of donor plants and the effective allelochemicals in the soil solution while studying the role of phenolic compounds were highlighting. Finally possible future prospects and conclusions regarding weed control by allelochemi-cals under integrated crop management strategies are discussed.     

2009年中国稻米市场分析及2010年展望

以翔实的资料对2009年中国稻米生产、消费、进出口、供求平衡、库存、价格走势、购销政策和国际稻米供求等情况进行了全面地分析,对影响2010年稻米市场价格走势的各种因素进行了深入研究,并在此基础上对2010年我国稻米市场价格走势进行了预测,结论是我国稻米价格仍呈上行趋势。     

Diurnal changes in net photosynthetic rate in potato in two environments

Summary Diurnal changes in net photosynthetic rate were measured in a furrow-irrigated potato crop and in a riverbed crop where the water table was always maintained at 20–28 cm from the soil surface. In the irrigated crop, the photosynthetic rate during mid-afternoon was about half the peak rate observed at noon. This reduction was accompanied by a near tripling of stomatal resistance, a 45% reduction in transpiration, and a 5-fold increase in the difference between leaf and air temperatures. No such changes were observed in the riverbed crop where the photosynthetic rate remained nearly constant at about 0.9 mg m⁻² s⁻¹ between 9 a.m. and 4 p.m. Tuber yield in the riverbed crop was about 30% higher than in the irrigated crop.     

我国干热区甘蔗抗旱植蔗主要问题研讨

我国干热蔗区是我国甘蔗糖业的重要生产基地,蔗区光热资源丰富,唯降水分布不均成为植蔗生产的主要限制因子;根据蔗区植蔗特点和甘蔗需水规律,苗期抗旱是干热蔗区抗旱植蔗的关键,保证较多的总苗数和足够的生长量是苗期抗旱植蔗需解决的关键技术难题,制定相应的苗期抗旱植蔗栽培技术措施是解决该难题的重要保障;该观点为我国干热蔗区植蔗生产、甘蔗引育种提供理论和技术支持。     

棉花体细胞无性系变异的研究进展

体细胞无性系变异是一种重要的细胞工程育种技术,其应用于棉花育种的前提是建立高效的组织培养诱导再生植株体系.本文简要综述了棉花离体诱导植株再生研究的现状,重点讨论了棉花体细胞无性系变异的表现、利用方法及机理,提出了当前研究存在的问题并对今后的研究进行了展望.     

我国高粱育种研究进展

对我国高粱育种的主要途径和研究方向进行了概述,针对目前高粱产量徘徊现象,提出了高粱超高产育种设想,并对其技术路线进行了探讨。     

Advances in Variable Rate Technology Application in Potato in The Netherlands

Precision agriculture is a farming management concept based on observing, measuring and responding to inter- and intra-field variability in crops. In this paper, we focus on responding to intra-field variability in potato crops and analyse variable rate applications (VRAs). We made an overview of potential VRAs in potato crop management in The Netherlands. We identified 13 potential VRAs in potato, ranging from soil tillage to planting to crop care to selective harvest. We ranked them on availability of ‘proof of concept’ and on-farm test results. For five VRAs, we found test results allowing to make a cost-benefit assessment. These five VRAs were as follows: planting, soil herbicide weed control, N side dress, late blight control and haulm killing. They use one of two types of spatial data: soil maps or biomass index maps. Data on costs and savings of the VRAs showed that the investments in VRAs will pay off under practical conditions in The Netherlands. Savings on pesticide use and N-fertilizer use with the VRAs were on average about 25%, which benefits the environment too. We foresee a slow but gradual adoption of VRAs in potato production. More VRAs will become available given ongoing R&D. The perspectives of VRAs in potatoes are discussed.