不同施肥条件下夏季辣椒的生长发育与养分吸收规律研究

通过田间小区试验,研究了辣椒的养分吸收规律和土壤速效养分的动态变化规律,旨在为洞庭湖区实施精确施肥、优化施肥结构以及蔬菜基地养分的系统调控提供科学依据。结果表明:有机无机肥配合施用处理较当地习惯施肥处理和纯化肥处理对氮、磷、钾养分的吸收量和利用率高。蔬菜生育期间,土壤有效氮、磷、钾含量均处于动态变化之中,总的来看,蔬菜专用肥处理土壤有效氮、磷、钾含量较高。根据辣椒对肥料养分的利用率和土壤养分状况及有效性,初步提出了增施有机肥、钾肥的优化施肥结构模式,以保证辣椒的丰产优质。     

不同施肥处理对丘北辣椒养分吸收特征及主要病害发病率的影响

为探究不同施肥处理对丘北辣椒养分吸收及主要病害发病率的影响,以丘北辣椒为试验材料,设置不施肥(CK)、农户常规肥(T1)、配方肥(T2)、优化肥(T3)4个处理进行试验.结果表明:3个处理下的丘北辣椒在不同时期地上部氮磷钾吸收量的趋势相对一致,其中对钾的吸收量最多、对氮的吸收量次之、对磷的吸收量最少,均显著高于CK处理...     

优化配方施肥对华北地区露地辣椒产量、品质和养分吸收利用的影响

为明确华北地区露地辣椒适宜的肥料配方,以露地辣椒羊角红一号为试验材料,在基施有机肥的基础上,设置不施化肥氮(N0)、优化配方施肥(N2)、80％N优化配方施肥(N1)、120％N优化配方施肥(N3)、优化配方施肥添加中微量元素(N2+TE)、常规施肥(CF)6个处理,旨在研究优化配方施肥对露地辣椒产量、品质、养分吸收利...     

含氨基酸水溶肥料在设施辣椒和豇豆上的田间效应研究

以辣椒和豇豆为供试材料,研究在辣椒和豇豆根部灌施含氨基酸水溶肥料对其植株生长、果实品质、产量、土壤中微生物数量以及土壤酶活力的影响。试验结果表明:与对照灌施等养分化学肥料相比,灌施含氨基酸水溶肥料显著提高了辣椒和豇豆植株的株高,促进了作物的生长;产量上,第一季辣椒和豇豆增产幅度分别达到8.6%和14.7%,第二季的增产幅度分别为7.0%和11.7%。相比于氨基酸水溶肥,灌施含有甲壳素的氨基酸水溶肥对辣椒和豇豆生长有一定的促进作用;品质上,灌施含氨基酸水溶肥料能有效降低辣椒的硝酸盐含量,提高其Vc含量,同时提高了豇豆的可溶性糖含量和Vc含量,整体上改善了辣椒和豇豆的品质;而从微生物数量上看,灌施含氨基酸水溶肥料显著增加了辣椒和豇豆生长土壤中细菌和放线菌的数量,降低了真菌数量,减轻了由于连作带来的真菌化现象;从辣椒和豇豆土壤中的酶活看,与化肥对照相比,两种作物土壤中脲酶和蔗糖酶的活性均有所提高,说明灌溉含氨基酸水溶肥料能有效提高豇豆和辣椒土壤中酶的活性。而相比于单独灌施含氨基酸水溶肥料,从产量上看,灌施含有甲壳素的氨基酸水溶肥的第一季辣椒和豇豆的增产幅度分别达到1.5%和1.1%,第二季分别达到2.1%和4.1%,表明氨基酸水溶肥中的甲壳素,有增强含氨基酸水溶肥料增产效果的趋势。     

不同腐殖酸复合肥施用量对辣椒产量及其养分利用率的影响

试验研究不同腐殖酸复合肥施用量对辣椒产量及其养分利用率的影响结果表明 ,随施肥量的增加而辣椒叶片N、P、K累积量逐渐增大 ,果实N、P、K累积量呈二次抛物线趋势变化 ,且施肥量过大时不利于营养元素向果实中的转移。肥料生产效率及N、P、K养分利用率均随施肥量的增大而降低 ,肥料对辣椒产量的贡献率以及辣椒产量随施肥量的变化与辣椒果实营养元素累积量变化趋势相一致     

控释氮肥对辣椒的生理效应及利用率研究

利用盆栽试验和田间生物试验,研究了控释N肥脲醛类肥料品种脲甲醛(UF)与速效N肥不同品种对辣椒生长、形态指标、产量及利用率的影响;并采用覆膜和露地2种大田栽培法探讨了不同控释肥用量对辣椒产量和品质的肥料效应。结果表明,辣椒对控释N肥中N的吸收利用率最高,达44.4%,较其它N肥品种提高17.46%～46.05%,其产量为CK的1.88倍。N肥品种的增产效应顺序为UFCO(NH2)2NH4NO3NH4HCO3;UF处理,辣椒的果长、果宽、单果重及座果率等指标明显高于其它速效N肥品种。控释N肥用量试验表明,产量与用量密切相关,以600kg/hm2投入可取得较高的产量和经济效益,过量施用,效益显著下降。控释肥相同用量,覆膜栽培较露地栽培增产15.16%～16.45%;辣椒总糖、维生素C含量有随施用量增加而增加的趋势,但对干物质量及总酸度的影响较小。     

铜基叶面肥及控释肥对辣椒生长发育和叶片保护酶等生理特性的影响

【目的】针对辣椒喜肥、耐肥、对水分要求严格的特点,采用铜基叶面肥、控释肥两种新技术,研究了叶面喷施铜基叶面肥和土施控释肥对辣椒产量、矿质养分在植株体内的分布、保护性酶活性以及果实品质的影响,为提高果蔬产量和改善品质提供理论依据。【方法】分别于2011年4~11月和2012年3~9月,在山东农业大学南校区土肥资源高效利用国家工程实验室新型肥料中试基地, 以赤峰牛角王为供试辣椒品种设置肥料盆栽试验,试验设8个处理: 1）喷清水土壤不施肥对照（CKW- NF）;2）喷清水+土施普通肥（CKW+CCF）; 3）喷清水+土施控释肥（CKW+CRF）; 4）喷清水+土施控释肥+保水剂（CKW+CRF+W）; 5）喷铜基叶面肥土壤不施肥（CBFF-NF）; 6）喷铜基叶面肥+土施普通肥（CBFF+CCF）; 7）喷铜基叶面肥+土施控释肥（CBFF+CRF）;8）喷铜基叶面肥+土施控释肥+保水剂（CBFF+CRF+W）。采用称重法测定辣椒产量,于收获期取果实及叶片鲜样用于果实品质和生理生化指标测定,植株各部位干样用于微量元素测定。【结果】1）两年内喷施铜基叶面肥和土施控释肥均能提高辣椒产量,其中叶面喷施铜基叶面肥+土施控释肥+保水剂（CBFF+CRF+W）组合对辣椒产量的提高幅度最大,与CKW+CRF+W相比2011年增产24.1%,2012年增产29.0%。2）相同的土壤施肥条件下,与喷清水相比,喷施铜基叶面肥能够显著提高辣椒植株体内的铜浓度。其中,土施控释肥加保水剂基础上喷施铜基叶面肥处理的辣椒果实中铜浓度比叶面喷清水显著提高了103.9%;土施控释肥条件下,叶面喷施铜基叶面肥较喷清水处理下的果实铜浓度增加了41.5%。3）喷施铜基叶面肥后,辣椒叶片的超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）和过氧化物酶（POD）活性升高,而过氧化氢酶（CAT）活性下降。CBFF+CRF+W处理下的辣椒叶片SOD活性较CKW+CRF+W处理显著提高了26.6%,CBFF+CRF+W组合的叶片的POD活性和CAT活性与CKW+CRF差异显著。4）与喷清水处理相比,无论在土壤施用控释肥还是土壤施用控释肥+保水剂的条件下,叶面喷施铜基叶面肥均使辣椒果实可溶性蛋白和维生素C的含量显著提高,其增加幅度在12.8%~178.4%。【结论】综合考虑几种肥料组合,叶面喷施铜基叶面肥和土施控释肥可在一定程度上调控植株微量元素的积累,改善辣椒营养品质,提高辣椒产量。     

喷施稀土肥对辣椒产量和氮磷钾含量的影响

适量的喷施稀土元素,可以显著提高辣椒叶片中氮、磷、钾等营养元素的含量,促进养分向生长旺盛的部位转移,其中磷素受到的影响最为显著。喷施稀土元素能显著增加辣椒的单株果数,而对辣椒单果重影响不显著。辣椒产量与稀土微肥喷施浓度呈抛物线相关,理论上当稀土肥浓度为372.3mg L-1时,辣椒达最高产量31.81 t hm-1。     

硅、钙对花生新品种郑农花9号的生育及产量的影响

以花生品种郑农花9号为材料进行硅、钙基肥试验,基施硅钙镁肥、高效硅肥、钙肥,探讨硅、钙元素对花生生长及产量的影响。结果表明:3种肥料均可使花生茎秆粗壮、生长旺盛、抗逆性增强,病害发生率降低;硅钙镁肥使花生出苗期提前2 d,出苗率、单株结果数优于钙肥和高效硅肥。所有处理荚果产量增产41.7～717.0kg/hm2,增产幅度0.85%～14.7%。钙肥对花生产量构成因素的影响最大,第一对侧枝的平均长度最长,单株饱果数平均11.15个,平均百果重273.25 g、百仁重117.25 g,出米率和单株饱果数都是最高,钙肥的平均单产为5 386.01 kg,其3个处理增产极显著,硅钙镁肥的平均单产为5 260.95 kg,其两个处理增产极显著,高效硅肥的平均单产为5 190.08 kg。含钙的肥料组合较之无钙的肥料对产量及其构成因素的影响显著,更为可靠。     

有机物料对辣椒生长及水库淤积物的改良效应

为探讨水库淤积物农业资源化利用途径,采用网室盆栽试验,研究了外施不同有机物料对水库淤积物为生长基质的辣椒生长的影响及对水库淤积物化学性状的改良效应。结果表明,施用商品有机肥、花生麸、鸡粪和蘑菇渣均明显提高辣椒产量,且不同程度地促进辣椒植株对氮、钾养分吸收,增加辣椒果实可溶性糖和维生素C含量。其中,施用蘑菇渣处理辣椒产量最高。外施不同有机物料均显著增加水库淤积物的有机质、碱解氮和全氮含量,有机物料对水库淤积物速效磷、速效钾、全磷和全钾含量的影响因种类不同而存在一定差异。施用鸡粪和蘑菇渣可显著提高水库淤积物pH,商品有机肥和花生麸处理对水库淤积物pH无显著影响。不同有机物料中,以施用蘑菇渣的水库淤积物交换性钙、交换性镁和阳离子代换量最高。施用不同有机物料均提高了水库淤积物综合肥力系数,改善了淤积物肥力状况,其中施用蘑菇渣处理的水库淤积物综合肥力指数最高。综合考虑辣椒产量、养分吸收、果实品质及水库淤积物化学性状和肥力状况等指标,4种有机物料中以蘑菇渣对辣椒生长和水库淤积物的改良效果最佳。     

海南有机肥替代氮肥对辣椒生长和品质的影响

过量施用氮肥会提高蔬菜中硝酸盐和亚硝酸盐含量,且易造成环境污染。以优化施肥配方为基础,设置对照(100%化肥),另外3个处理分别为20%、40%、60%有机肥替代化肥,4个处理的氮肥用量相同,研究有机肥部分替代氮肥对辣椒生长、品质和土壤性状影响。结果表明,不同处理的辣椒产量无显著差异。有机肥替代氮肥可显著提高辣椒果实中Vc含量,降低亚硝酸盐含量。40%和60%处理有机肥叶片、茎秆生物量以及株高、冠幅等指标在后期显著低于化肥和20%替代处理。有机肥替代氮肥显著提升了土壤pH值和有机质含量。可见,有机肥替代氮肥不会造成海南辣椒前期生长、产量、外观品质下降,且有助于酸性土壤改良,其合理的替代比例是20%。     

Effects of biochar and fertilizer sources on nitrogen uptake by chilli pepper plants under Mediterranean climate

This study determined N uptake by serrano chilli pepper for two years and evaluated the effects of biochar amendment or organic N (org-N) fertilizer on N use under a Mediterranean climate. A field experiment was conducted using microplots from 2016 to 2017 in California, USA. Treatments included biochar amendment rates [0 (control), 10, 30 and 50 tons (t) ha⁻¹] biochar, all with 100% inorganic N fertilizer (165 kg N ha⁻¹), and org-N fertilizer applications at 50%, 75% and 100% of the total available N supply. Pepper yield, vegetative biomass, N uptake, ammonia (NH₃) volatilization and changes in soil organic carbon (SOC), and nitrate were determined. Pepper yield was highest in the 50% org-N and lowest in the 50 t ha⁻¹ biochar treatment during the first year. There were no differences in fruit yield among the organic treatments during the second year, and all were higher than that from the control. The 100% org-N treatment had less NH₃ volatilization than all other treatments during the first year. The two-year results showed that chilli pepper plants sequestered 4.6‒6.1 kg N to produce one ton fresh pepper fruits. During the first year, the 50% org-N treatment resulted in the highest N productivity or yield with lowest projected N fertilizer application requirements as compared to other treatments although there were no differences among all treatments in the second year. Thus, a combination of inorganic and org-N fertilizers can be an effective strategy to improve soil N productivity in long-term management.     

氮磷与硅钙肥配施对辣椒产量和品质的影响

【目的】长期高纯度化肥施用导致作物其他养分供应的不平衡,中微量元素已成为越来越多作物产量和品质限制因子。本文旨在通过开展硅钙肥、氮肥和磷肥配施对辣椒产量和品质的影响研究,确定硅钙肥、氮肥和磷肥在干辣椒中最佳配施方案。【方法】借助于DPS软件,采用三因素二次饱和D-最优设计方法分析研究了氮磷与硅钙肥配施对辣椒产量和品质的影响,整个研究过程分为回归建模、模型解析和模型决策三个步骤,首先,根据2013年获得的辣椒产量和品质数据,进行优化多项式回归分析,得出辣椒产量、品质分别与硅钙肥、氮肥、磷肥之间的回归方程。其次,对两个方程进行F检验,对回归系数进行t检验,确定模型可行性,模型分析包括因子主效应分析、单因子效应分析和因子互作效应分析。最后进行模型决策,通过计算机模拟运算,提出辣椒高产与优质的施肥方案。【结果】通过对模型进行检验分析得出:硅钙肥、氮肥、磷肥对辣椒的产量和品质均有显著的影响,并且因素间存在显著的互作效应。以硅钙肥、氮肥交互效应为例,在编码范围内,辣椒的产量较好的互作空间是中等的硅钙肥配较高氮肥水平;辣椒的品质较好的互作空间是较高的硅钙肥水平配中等的氮肥施用水平。三因素对产量的影响顺序为:氮肥磷肥硅钙肥,而对品质影响则相反。在本研究区地力水平下,辣椒的产量和品质会随着硅钙肥、氮肥、磷肥的用量增加而升高;当用量过高,产量和品质反而会下降。通过计算机模拟运算,产量在4500~6000 kg/hm2之间,品质综合得分95分以上时,施肥方案为硅钙肥304.76~398.24 kg/hm2,氮肥220.05~263.26 kg/hm2,磷肥44.80~64.50 kg/hm2。经边际效应分析,在经济效益和产量达到最大,即分别为80548.64元/hm2和5916.23kg/hm2时,硅钙肥、氮肥、磷肥最佳施用量组合为332.66、250.58、57.75 kg/hm2,配施比例为1:0.75:0.17。【结论】硅钙肥、氮肥、磷肥具有提高辣椒产量和品质,调节辣椒营养元素吸收等功能,但应适量施用,过多施用反而会造成产量降低、品质下降等现象的产生。本文构建的模型可以详细地解释三种肥料对辣椒产量和品质的影响,通过模型模拟可以得到三种肥料之间的联系。     

Effects of organic fertilizers on yam productivity and some soil properties of a nutrient-depleted tropical Alfisol

Field experiments were conducted at Owo, southwest Nigeria to select organic fertilizer treatments most suitable for sustaining high soil fertility and yam productivity on a nutrient-depleted tropical Alfisol. Eight organic fertilizer treatments were applied at 20 t ha^?1 with a reference treatment inorganic fertilizer (NPK 15–15–15) at 400 kg ha^?1 and natural soil fertility (control), laid out in a randomized complete block design with three replications. Results showed that organic fertilizers significantly increased (p = 0.05) tuber weight and growth of yam, soil and leaf N, P, K, Ca and Mg, soil pH and organic C concentrations compared with the NSF (control). The oil palm bunch ash + poultry manure treatment increased tuber weight, vine length, number of leaves and leaf area of yam by 66, 25, 21 and 52%, respectively, compared with inorganic fertilizer (NPK) and 37, 22, 19 and 44%, respectively, compared with poultry manure alone. Sole or mixed forms of organic fertilizers showed significant improvement in soil physical conditions compared with IF (NPK) and NSF (control). Synergistic use of oil palm bunch ash + poultry manure at 10 t ha^?1 each was most effective for sustainable management of soils and for improving agronomic productivity of yam.     

不同用量专用生物炭基肥对贵州朝天椒提质增效的影响

为探究生物炭基肥对贵州黄壤朝天椒的施用效果,采用大田试验,以自制生物炭基肥为供试材料,研究不同生物炭基肥施用量[1 758(BCF1)、2 167.5(BCF2)、2 550(BCF3)、2 932.5(BCF4)和3 315 kg·hm^-2(BCF5)]对贵州朝天椒产量、品质、养分积累、肥料利用率和经济效益的影响。结果表明,与习惯施肥(FP)处理相比,施用生物炭基肥可以显著提高朝天椒产量,其中鲜椒增产12.0%~32.8%、干椒增产12.6%~31.6%,且以BCF2处理效果最佳;施用生物炭基肥对朝天椒的硝酸盐和Vc含量影响显著,其中硝酸盐含量降低了3.9%~14.4%、Vc含量提高了1.0%~19.3%,但对还原糖和游离氨基酸含量无影响;与FP处理相比,施用生物炭基肥使氮、磷、钾肥的农学效率分别提高了4.97~13.93、8.49~26.41 kg·kg^-1,BCF1、BCF2 和 BCF3 处理的钾肥农学效率提高了3.12~8.32 kg·kg^-1,以BCF1处理为最高,氮、磷、钾肥的表观利用率分别提高了24.11~43.90、2.63~7.76、7.50~44.60个百分点,其中BCF2处理的氮肥表观利用率和钾肥表观利用率最高,分别为55.0%和74.1%,BCF1和BCF2处理的磷肥表观利用率最高,均为10.3%;与FP处理相比,施用生物炭基肥后的朝天椒纯收入提高了19.4%~74.8%,以BCF2效果最佳。综上,本试验条件下生物炭基肥施用量为2 167.5 kg·hm^-2时朝天椒生物效应和经济效益最好,可作为贵州朝天椒种植的最佳施用量。本研究结果为生物炭基肥在贵州黄壤朝天椒高产栽培技术中的应用提供了理论依据。     

Linking sorghum nutrition and production with arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi and alternative soil amendments

Mounting fertilizer costs are disproportionally affecting farmers in developing countries. Alternative soil fertility amendments [worm compost, pyrolyzed carbon (biochar)] and arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi have the potential to reduce these costs while promoting soil health. Our greenhouse study investigated the role of mycorrhizal associations and alternative fertility amendments on the productivity and plant nutrition of grain sorghum. We assessed sorghum (Sorghum bicolor cv. Macia) grown with ten different treatments (combinations of biochar, worm compost, and commercial N and P fertilizers) plus a non‐amended control. An amendment blend containing worm compost, biochar, and 50% of the typically recommended commercial fertilizer rate produced similar plant biomass and protein, similar total tissue mineral contents (Ca, Fe, K, Mg, P, and Zn), and supported ≈ 60% more mycorrhizal fungi in the host plant's roots, compared to sorghum grown with the recommended rate of commercial fertilizer (N and P). Our results indicate the potential of biochar and worm compost to enhance the benefits of mycorrhizal fungi for grain sorghum production and plant nutrition while reducing commercial fertilizer applications.     

Response of Pepper Plants to Different Rates of Mineral Fertilizers After Soil Biofumigation and Solarization

ABSTRACT

A greenhouse experiment was conducted to examine the effect of using three different rates (zero, low-input, and high-input) of a mineral fertilizer (nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P), potassium (K), calcium (Ca), and magnesium (Mg)) on growth and yield of pepper cultivated in a soil after biofumigation (with horse manure at the rate of 4 kg· m^{? 2}) and solarization. Several physiological traits related with pepper plant development (leaf mineral concentration, net photosynthesis rate, transpiration, leaf sugar, and chlorophyll concentration) and fruit yield were determined. In T-1, chlorophyll was significantly lower and sugar concentration was significantly higher than in those where mineral fertilizers had been added (T-2 and T-3). There were no significant differences in photosynthetic rate among treatments. Increasing mineral fertilizer rates increased vegetative growth at the expense of fruit yield. Leaf nutrient concentrations most affected by the treatments were the N-fractions, and changes in the other parameters measured are discussed on the basis of these differences.     

不同有机肥对花生营养吸收、土壤酶活性及速效养分的影响

通过盆栽试验,研究等养分投入条件下,施用化肥与不同有机肥(猪粪、牛粪、鸡粪、麸酸有机无机复混肥)对花生营养吸收、土壤酶活性及速效养分的影响。结果表明,与化肥相比,施用有机肥脲酶活性提高6.2%～22.1%,磷酸酶活性提高7.9%～27.9%,过氧化氢酶活性提高45.1%～65.2%,分别以猪粪、鸡粪、麸酸有机无机复混肥最高,而转化酶活性各处理表现不一。施用有机肥较化肥促进了N、P、K养分向花生果仁转移累积,果仁吸N量、吸P量、吸K量、吸S量分别较化肥提高22.7%～78.0%、47.1%～74.5%、65.2%～91.6%、5.6%～61.2%,其NPK养分总吸收量以麸酸有机无机复混肥最高。施肥均提高了种植花生后的土壤N、P、K速效养分含量,施用麸酸有机无机复混肥还明显改善了土壤S素营养。     

Biochar combined with magnesium fertilizer improves cabbage (Brassica oleraceae L.) yield by modulating physicochemical characteristics and the bacterial community in acidic soil

Biochar and magnesium (Mg) fertilizers have gained increasing attention in agriculture for their potential benefits. However, their combined effects on vegetable growth in southern acidic soils have not been fully elucidated. To address this issue, a study was conducted with six treatments all of which included a baseline amount of compound fertilizer (CK), an increased amount of compound fertilizer (F), Mg fertilizer (M), biochar (BC), biochar combined with Mg (BCM) and an increased amount of compound F with Mg (FM), to investigate their synergistic effects on soil physicochemical properties, enzyme activity, microorganisms and cabbage yield. The results of the study showed that compared with CK, the M, BC and BCM treatments all increased soil organic matter (SOM), exchangeable magnesium (Ex-Mg), acid phosphatase (ACP) and yield, while the F treatment led to a 5% decrease in SOM. The BCM treatment significantly increased SOM, Ex-Mg, ACP by 14%, 40%, and 25%, respectively. The most abundant phyla in BCM processing were Proteobacteria (21%), Chloroflexi (19%) and Actinomycetes (17%); the most abundant genera were Bacillus (8%). Further, the effect of BCM on crop growth promotion was better than that of FM, and the economic analysis showed that compared with FM, the benefit of BCM increased by 14%. Through structural equation modelling analysis, the synergistic increase in yield was because of the increase in soil TP, Ex-Mg, NO₃⁻–N and β-GC caused by BCM, improving soil nutrients and microbial communities, thereby promoting cabbage growth. Therefore, the combined application of biochar and Mg in acidic soil could significantly improve soil fertility and crop productivity, while also reducing the need for costly chemical fertilizers, thereby offering a promising and cost-effective approach for sustainable agriculture.     

有机肥替代20%化肥提高黑钙土养分有效性及玉米产量

  【目的】  化肥减量并配施有机肥是减少肥料损失、提高化肥利用率的有效途径。研究在秸秆条带还田下化肥减量配施不同有机肥对东北地区黑钙土速效养分和玉米产量的影响,以实现玉米高效和可持续生产。  【方法】  于2018和2019年,连续两年在农安试验基地黑钙土上进行玉米田间试验。本试验在秸秆条状还田下,共设置4个处理,即当地常量施肥 (T1)、化肥减量20% (T2)、化肥减量20%配施鸡粪2988 kg/hm2 (T3) 和化肥减量20%配施牛粪5098 kg/hm2 (T4),T1、T3和T4处理的总氮投入量相同。在玉米拔节期和收获期,分别测定土壤pH、有机碳和速效氮磷钾含量,在收获期测产。  【结果】  与T1处理相比,T2处理连续两年玉米产量均未显著降低,土壤有机碳和速效氮磷钾含量与常量施肥处理大体接近;T3和T4处理显著增加了土壤有机碳和速效养分含量。其中,T3处理2018年土壤有机碳、碱解氮、速效磷、速效钾含量分别较T1增加了15.20%、12.20%、16.70%、7.75%,2019年分别增加了13.0%、18.5%、34.2%、18.5%。玉米产量连续两年均以T4处理效果最优,2018和2019年分别较T1增产5.6%和20.8%,T3处理的增产幅度分别为3.75%和15.40%。  【结论】  在秸秆条状还田下,化肥减量配施有机肥可以增加土壤中有机碳和速效氮、磷、钾含量,可实现玉米增产增收。在黑钙土上配施鸡粪的效果优于牛粪。