共查询到20条相似文献,搜索用时 46 毫秒
1.
2.
3.
棉花黄萎病菌与抗黄萎病遗传育种研究进展 总被引:21,自引:1,他引:21
简要综述了棉花黄萎病菌及抗黄萎病遗传育种的研究进展。研究表明 ,各地的棉花黄萎病菌均存在致病力的分化 ,其致病机理是病菌侵入棉花后菌丝及孢子在导管内大量繁殖 ,同时刺激邻近的薄壁细胞产生胶状物质及侵填体而堵塞导管 ,使水分和养分运输发生困难 ,更重要的是病菌在棉株体内产生的糖蛋白毒素作用的结果。棉花抗黄萎病的遗传方式争论较大 ,但一般在温室由单一菌系接种鉴定时棉花黄萎病抗性表现为单基因遗传 ,而在田间病圃或用多菌系混合鉴定时 ,棉花黄萎病抗性表现为多基因遗传。由于陆地棉内缺乏高抗黄萎病资源 ,给棉花抗黄萎病育种带来一定困难 ,但 90年代以来 ,已育成 86 - 6、川 73 7、川 2 80 2、豫棉 1 9号、豫棉 2 1号等一些抗黄萎病的新品种。上述抗黄萎病品种在棉花黄萎病综合防治中起了重要作用 相似文献
4.
棉花黄萎病抗性的分子研究进展 总被引:8,自引:3,他引:8
本文综述了棉花黄萎病菌的分子鉴定,棉花黄萎病抗性的遗传基础,分子标记在棉花抗黄萎病方面的应用,棉花黄萎病抗性基因的克隆及转化等方面的研究进展。 相似文献
5.
Fusarium wilt and Verticillium wilt are important worldwide fungal diseases on cotton that cause damage to yield and quality.The pathogens survive in soil as microsclerotia for many years,and can be transmitted through seeds,soil,stream,and plant residues.And currently,no effective chemical control is available for those diseases.Production practices have established that planting wilt diseaseresistance varieties was one of the most effective and safe measures to control those diseases with low cost.However,screening for wilt-resistance germplasm resources is the basis for resistance breeding. 相似文献
6.
棉花抗黄萎病机制研究进展 总被引:15,自引:2,他引:13
棉花黄萎病是一种土传真菌维管束病害,严重影响棉花产量和纤维品质。常规的防治手段可以局部控制但不能有效防治,采用传统的抗病育种策略培育抗病品种成效缓慢,因此对其防治一直是棉花生产上的难题。目前越来越多的研究集中在棉花对黄萎病的抗病机制方面。本文结合其他植物抗病研究进展从抗病基因介导的信号路径、乙烯在棉花与黄萎病菌互作中的作用、棉花对黄萎病菌的生理生化抗性以及棉花组织结构与黄萎病菌的抗性等4个方面总结棉花抗黄萎病的机制,以望对棉花抗病分子育种提供借鉴。 相似文献
7.
8.
棉花黄萎病(Verticillium dahliae)是一种土传性真菌维管束病害,严重影响棉花的生产。本研究通过转录组数据分析筛选出一个与棉花黄萎病相关的氨基酸转运蛋白GhAAT基因,该基因在棉花根部响应黄萎病菌诱导表达。利用病毒诱导的基因沉默(virus-induced gene silencing, VIGS)技术研究其在棉花抗黄萎病中的功能。结果显示将该基因在棉花TM-1的叶片和根部沉默后,棉花对黄萎病抗性减弱,证明GhAAT基因参与调控了棉花抗黄萎病功能。发掘棉花抗黄萎病菌重要调控基因并揭示其分子机制对培育棉花抗病品种具有重要意义。 相似文献
9.
棉花对黄萎病的抗病机制研究进展 总被引:12,自引:0,他引:12
本文概述了棉花黄萎病抗性的遗传规律和特点,从寄主与病原菌识别的相互作用、组织抗性、生理生化抗性、生态抗性4个方面综述了棉花对黄萎病抗病机制的研究进展。指出真菌诱导子是寄主与病原菌识别和互作的关键因素,不同棉株的固有组织结构抗性和诱导组织结构抗性对黄萎病的抗病表现也不相同;在生理生化抗性上重点介绍了植物抗毒素、酶、糖类物质、激素与棉花抗病性的关系;阐述了棉花对黄萎病的生态抗性,即棉花根系分泌物和根系微生物与黄萎病抗性的相互作用。在这4种抗性中,生理生化抗性起主导作用,但离不开多种抗性机制的相互作用和协调。此外,作者对棉花抗黄萎病分子育种的进展作了概述,简要介绍了RFLP、RAPD、AFLP、SSR等分子标记技术和转基因技术在分子育种中的应用与所取得的进展。最后对棉花黄萎病抗性机制及棉花抗黄萎病分子育种研究的未来发展方向和重点作了展望。 相似文献
10.
11.
基于人工病圃筛选和分子标记辅助的棉花抗黄萎病育种方法研究与应用 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
以抗病性较强的中植372为研究对象,和陆地棉感病品种军棉1号配制组合构建F2作图群体,筛选到和黄萎病抗性紧密连锁的SSR标记NAU1269。选育过程中,以中植372为父本或者母本,通过人工黄萎病病圃对种间杂交、回交、加代选育以及再杂交的材料进行了抗病性筛选,同时每代育种材料均对黄萎病抗性紧密连锁的SSR标记NAU1269进行跟踪检测,筛选出与黄萎病抗病性状紧密连锁的亲本及其后代材料,进而培育出抗黄萎病、产量高、品质优良的中植棉2号、新植5号、中植棉6号、中植棉8号等10余个国审及省审抗(耐)黄萎病棉花新品种。对育成的品种进行检测发现,中植2棉号、中植6棉号、中植8棉号和新植5号均能够检测到与黄萎病抗性紧密连锁的SSR标记NAU1269和已报道的抗黄萎病的分子标记NAU828和NAU1225,而且这3个标记在各个品种材料之间呈共显性分离。结果表明,基于人工病圃筛选和分子标记辅助育种相结合是选育棉花抗黄萎病材料可行、高效的育种方法。 相似文献
12.
13.
陆地棉抗黄萎病种质创新与抗病基因挖掘 总被引:3,自引:1,他引:2
抗病种质在抗病育种中的地位不可替代。远缘杂交材料创新是陆地棉黄萎病抗性种质创制的重要基础;基因工程提供了创造变异的新技术,但由于抗病机制复杂,导入一、两个主基因的效果还不明显;采用分子生物学技术揭示棉花对黄萎病的抗性机制,发掘棉花抗病基因和病程相关基因,有助于剖析棉花-黄萎病菌互作机制。本文概述了陆地棉抗黄萎病种质创制、抗病品种选育的成就,介绍了棉花黄萎病抗性机理与功能基因发掘等方面的最新进展,为抗病分子设计育种提供理论支持。 相似文献
14.
棉花黄萎病是制约棉花产业健康发展的一种重要病害,在生产上未发现有效的根治办法,使用现代基因工程技术,从基因库中挖掘抗黄萎病相关基因,为棉花抗黄萎病育种工作的提供理论基础。本研究根据在GenBank中检索到抗黄萎病基因SDAHP(GU479467,1,3-脱氧-阿拉伯庚酮糖-7-磷酸合成酶),从陆地棉基因组数据库中检索到3个同源基因(NM_016893351.1,XM_016849738.1和XM_0168151150.1),根据3个同源基因核苷酸序列设计引物,以陆地棉cDNA为模板进行克隆,获得3个目的基因,依次命名为GhDAHP-1、GhDAHP-2和GhDAHP-3。利用ProtParam和Prot Scale等在线软件对目的基因进行生物信息学分析;RT-PCR分析黄萎病菌诱导后目的基因在陆地棉叶片中的表达量。结果表明:GhDAHP-1序列全长1983 bp,氨基酸总数为539,分子质量约59.45378 kD,理论等电点pI为8.7;GhDAHP-2序列全长1832 bp,氨基酸总数516,分子质量约57.02998 kD,理论等电点pI为7.68;GhDAHP-3序列全长1652 bp,氨基酸总数517,分子质量约56.95491 kD,理论等电点pI为8.52。系统进化树分析,GhDAHP与雷蒙德氏棉(Gossypium raimindii)、木本棉(Gossypium arboreum)的亲缘关系最近。棉花叶片在黄萎病菌的处理下,GhDAHP基因表达量呈现先升高后降低的趋势,推测受到黄萎病诱导后,GhDAHP基因可能参与了黄萎病菌侵染的防卫过程。 相似文献
15.
16.
Creation of a New Resistant Germplasm to Verticillium Wilt by Distant Hybridization in Upland Cotton 总被引:1,自引:1,他引:0
To create new germplasm lines resistant to Verticillium wilt in upland cotton, 65 distant hybridization germplasm lines (DHGLs) in upland cotton genetic background were cultivated by interspecific hybridization between Gossypium hirsutum and wild species including G. anomalum, G. armourianum, G. aridum, G. raimondii, G. mustelinum, interspecific F1 backcrossing with G. hirsutum for four generations, and selfing for four generations, followed by a conventional breeding program. The results of agronomic trait identification during 2011-2012 indicated that average plant heights of DHGLs were closely similar to commercial cultivars of upland cotton, while average fruit branches, fruit nodes, bolls of DHGLs individual plant were lower than those in commercial cultivars of upland cotton. Average single boll weight and lint percentage of DHGLs were lower than commercial cultivars of upland cotton. Fiber length, strength, fineness and maturity of DHGLs were reasonably collocated. Fiber of most lines was suitable for spinning extra high count yarn, but the main fiber quality indices of commercial cultivars of upland cotton were not well coordinated. Identification of resistance to Verticillium wilt in defoliation disease nursery during 2012-2013 indicated that five DHGLs resistant to Verticillium wilt . Suyuan 040, Suyuan 045 and Suyuan 061 were highly resistant to Verticillium wilt with a disease index of 8.33, 4.35 and 7.79, respectively. Suyuan 030 and Suyuan 034 were resistant to Verticillium wilt with a disease index of 12.35 and 13.70, respectively. The genetic relationship of new germplasm lines resistant to Verticillium wilt were traced and showed that Suyuan 040 and Suyuan 045 were DHGLs of G. raimondii, Suyuan 061 was DHGL of G.mustelinum, Suyuan 030 and Suyuan 034 were DHGLs of G. aridum. 相似文献
17.
Y. Q. Wang D. J. Chen D. M. Wang Q. S. Huang Z. P. Yao F. J. Liu X. W. Wei R. J. Li Z. N. Zhang Y. R. Sun 《Plant Breeding》2004,123(5):454-459
Currently there are no adequate control measures for the cotton fungal diseases Verticillium wilt and Fusarium wilt, which are important factors limiting yield under certain conditions. In this study the gene encoding a Gastrodia anti‐fungal protein was introduced into three cultivars of coloured cotton using the method of pollen‐tube pathway transformation, with the purpose of obtaining transgenic plants with improved resistance to wilt. Of the 121 herbicide‐resistant cotton plants two, LB‐5‐8 and ZB‐1‐49, were scored as transgenic based on Southern blot, RT‐PCR analysis and in vitro anti‐fungal activity assay. Field analysis demonstrated that the transgenic lines LB‐5‐8 and ZB‐1‐49 possess an increased resistance to wilt. After 2 years of breeding, the progeny of LB‐5‐8 and ZB‐1‐49 lines still showed a stable and strong resistance to Verticillium wilt. Lines with high levels of resistance to Verticillium wilt obtained from the present study may be widely planted and help to reduce the future impact of cotton wilt on cotton production resulting in increased yields. 相似文献
18.
19.
20.
为了解决黄萎病对棉花的危害,利用基因工程技术培育抗病棉花品种是当前育种的主要目标。从棉花中克隆了一个黄萎病抗性基因GhCOI1,其编码冠菌素不敏感因子。GhCOI1基因序列全长2 213 bp,编码一个600氨基酸的多肽,分子量为68 k Da,等电点p I是7.06。GhCOI1含有典型的F-box和LRR结构域。组织表达分析表明,该基因在根器官优势表达,并且其表达受到大丽轮枝菌浸染诱导。利用病毒诱导基因沉默(Virus-induced gene silencing,VIGS)技术,抑制了GhCOI1基因在棉花植株中的表达;通过大丽轮枝菌接菌分析表明,GhCOI1基因沉默能够引起植株的抗性下降,发病加重。研究结果表明GhCOI1参与棉花对大丽轮枝菌抗性调控,因此,其可以作为棉花抗病育种的候选基因。 相似文献