葫芦岛市羊布鲁氏菌病感染情况的调查

布鲁氏菌病（简称布病）,是一种由布鲁氏菌引起的严重危害人民健康和畜牧业发展的人畜共患传染病,至今,布病仍是世界范围内严重流行的人畜共患传染病,是《中华人民共和国传染病防治法》37种传染病中的乙类传染病,被列为《中华人民共和国动物防疫法》中的二类动物疫病。     

景泰县羊布鲁氏菌病的防控措施

<正>布鲁氏菌病是由布鲁氏菌引起的人畜共患传染病,世界动物卫生组织(OIE)将其列为B类动物疫病,我国2008年修订的《一、二、三类动物疫病病种名录》将该病列为二类动物疫病,同时该病也是《中华人民共和国传染病防治法》规定的35种法定传染病中的乙类传染病、我国《职业病防治法》中规定的细菌性职业病之一。本病分布很广,流行历史较久,危害严重,不仅感染各种家畜,而且易传染人。它的发生不仅影响人体健康和畜牧业健康发     

浅析布鲁氏菌病疫情上升的原因与防控建议

<正>布鲁氏菌病(brucellosis)(简称布病)是由布鲁氏菌引起的羊、牛、猪、犬及人等均可发生的人畜共患慢性传染病,可引起患病动物不孕、流产和死胎。世界动物卫生组织(0IE)将其列为多物种动物疫病,《中华人民共和国动物防疫法》将其列为二类动物疫病,是目前世界上流行最广,危害最大的人畜共患病之一。进入21世纪,布病在世界范围内呈现回升趋势,我国布病疫情在人畜间也呈现出逐年持续上升的态势。这一     

甘肃省家畜布鲁氏菌病监测情况及防控对策探讨

布鲁氏菌病（以下简称布病）,是由布鲁氏菌属细菌引起的人畜共患的传染病.多种动物和人对布鲁氏菌易感.动物中牛、羊的易感性较强.世界动物卫生组织（OIE）将其列为B类动物疫病,我国将其列为二类动物疫病.近几年,我国个别地方布病疫情出现反弹,已严重影响着畜牧业的发展和人民群众的身体健康,已成为重大的公共卫生问题.     

博爱县布病畜间的综合防控

正布鲁氏菌病(也叫布氏杆菌病,以下简称布病)是由布鲁氏菌属细菌引起的一种变态反应性人畜共患传染病。在临床上,家畜常表现为流产和跛行,人常表现为波浪热和关节疼。因其传染性强、易反复等特点,我国农业农村部将其列为畜间二类动物疫病,世界动物卫生组织将其列为法定报告动物疫病。在人间,布病被《传染病防控法》列为乙类传染病。近五年来,河南省博爱县通过采取综合防控措施,人间及畜间布病疫情经历由高起到低落过程,     

奶牛“两病”阳性畜处理中存在的问题及解决对策

奶牛两病是指奶牛结核病和奶牛布鲁氏菌病。结核病是一种由结核杆菌引起的传染病,引起人类结核病的主要是人型和牛型结核杆菌。而牛型结核杆菌能使牛、羊患结核病,并且对动物的毒性要比人型结核杆菌强。布鲁氏菌病是由布氏菌属细菌引起的主要侵害人和动物生殖系统的人畜共患传染病。世界动物卫生组织将“两病”列为B类动物疫病,我国则将该两病列为二类动物疫病,都是人畜共患传染病。     

昌吉市某牛场奶牛布鲁氏杆菌病的调查

奶牛布鲁氏杆菌病,简称布病,又叫布氏杆菌病。世界动物卫生组织列为B类动物疫病,我国将其列为二类动物疫病。奶牛布鲁氏杆菌病是由布鲁氏菌引起的人、畜共患传染病,严重危害奶牛业持续发     

山羊布鲁氏菌病诊治

正布鲁氏菌病是由布鲁氏菌属细菌引起的,以感染家畜为主的人兽共患传染病,世界动物卫生组织(OIE)将其列为B类动物疫病,我国将其列为二类动物疫病。山羊布鲁氏菌病是由马耳他布鲁氏菌引起的一种慢性传染病。1流行特点     

近年我国禽类高致病性禽流感流行情况及防控建议

高致病性禽流感(Highlypathogenicavian influenza,HPAI)是由部分H5或H7亚型禽流感病毒(Avianinfluenzavirus,AIV)引起多种禽类急性感染和死亡的一种烈性传染病,被世界动物卫生组织(OIE)列为法定报告动物疫病,在我国被列为一类动物疫病,是26种人畜共患传染病之一,是引发公共卫生事件最常见的一类传染病。在国务院发布的《国家中长期动物疫病防治规划(2012~2020年)》中,将其列为优先防治和重点防范5种一类动物疫病之一,不仅给养禽行业带来了严重的经济损失,而且也对人类健康,甚至生命安全带来了严重威胁。     

严防严控羊布鲁氏菌病策略

<正>羊布鲁氏菌病是由布鲁氏菌属细菌侵入机体,引起的一种传染-变态反应为主要特征的人兽共患传染病,在世界范围内广泛流行,世界动物卫生组织(OIE)将其列为B类动物疫病,《中华人民共和国动物防疫法》将其列为二类动物疫病。据对我国牧区及养殖场(户)流行病学调查,羊布鲁氏菌血清阳性率3.25%~3.49%,羊流产胎儿分离出布鲁氏菌菌株2.43%。羊布鲁氏菌病给人类造成的严重危害不可小     

癸氧喹酯干混悬剂含量测定的改进

采用高效液相色谱法测定癸氧喹酯干混悬剂的含量,在2-250μg/mL范围内,峰面积的常用对数与进样量浓度的常用对数呈良好的线性关系,R^2=1(n=5),平均回收率为99.24%~99.51%,RSD在0.05%~0.28%。此方法分析时间短,样品前处理简便、定量结果准确,重现性好,结果满意,为其质量控制提供了依据。     

商会自治的基石——商会自治规范研究

在现代法律秩序中,商会自治规范是制定法的基础和必要的补充,甚至在某些方面替代了制定法;商会自治规范主要包括商会组织规范、行为规范、惩罚规范以及争端解决规范等;其效力仅及于其内部成员;商会自治规范和制定法之间存在冲突,但也存在整合的基础。     

猪毛色遗传的研究进展

本文概述了猪的毛色类型、猪的毛色遗传模式,着重综述了猪毛色基因分子基础的研究进展,指出存在问题并就未来发展方向做了思考。     

中华人民共和国农业部公告 第267号

为贯彻落实《兽药生产质量管理规范》(简称《兽药GMP》),进一步推动兽药GMP实施进程,我部制定了《兽药生产质量管理规范检查验收办法》,现予公告。本公告自2003年6月1日起施行。附件:兽药生产质量管理规范检查验收办法二○○三年四月十日第一章 总则 第一条 为推动《兽药生产质量管理规范》(以下简称兽药GMP)的实施,规范兽药GMP检查验收工作,制定本办法。 第二条 农业部负责全国兽药GMP管理和检查验收工作;负责制修订兽药GMP检查验收管理规定;负责兽药GMP检查员队伍建设和监督管理工作,负责国际兽药贸易中GMP互认工作。 …     

鸡败血支原体垂直传播模式及其阻断方法

以国际标准强毒Ｒ株人工感染非免疫产蛋鸡,定时扑杀,分别从鼻窦、眶下孔、气管、肺、气囊、卵巢和输卵管分离ＭＧ,并收集感染鸡所产蛋分离ＭＧ。结果表明,人工感染４８小时后上、下呼吸道及肺已被全面感染,９６小时气囊已被感染,１２０小时输卵管已能分离到ＭＧ,卵巢始终分离不到ＭＧ。人工感染鸡自１４４小时便能在其所产蛋中分离出ＭＧ。药物治疗能在７２小时内消除感染,油乳剂苗则需２４天后逐渐降低蛋内ＭＧ分离率,药物卵内注射、种蛋药浴、高温处理均能杀死卵内ＭＧ,但以研制的种蛋浸泡剂药浴效果为最好。     

Comparison of 2 methods of centesis of the bursa of the biceps brachii tendon of horses

REASONS FOR PERFORMING STUDY: Centesis of the bicipital bursa using an 8.9 cm long spinal needle has been reported but the alternative of employing a 3.8 cm long hypodermic needle requires validation. OBJECTIVE: To compare the efficacy of 2 different methods of centesis of the bicipital bursa and to evaluate the usefulness of ultrasonographic imaging to determine the location of solution administered when centesis of the bursa is attempted. METHODS: For Trial 1, 6 clinicians, who had no previous experience of centesis of the bicipital bursa, attempted to inject a solution composed of an aqueous radiopaque contrast medium and physiological saline solution (PSS) into the bicipital bursae of 2/12 horses using the previously described distal approach to inject one bursa and a proximal approach to inject the contralateral bursa. The bicipital tendon and bursa were examined ultrasonographically before and after injection; and both shoulders were examined radiographically to identify the location of the medium. In Trial 2, another 6 clinicians, also with no previous experience of centesis, repeated Trial 1, using 6 horses, but the radiopaque contrast medium was mixed with air instead of PSS. RESULTS: Accuracy of centesis using the proximal approach was 39% and that of the distal approach 28%. Ultrasonographic examination of the shoulder allowed the location of solution and air to be accurately predicted in all 12 shoulders examined. CONCLUSIONS: Clinicians who have had no previous experience performing centesis of the bicipital bursa are unlikely to be successful in centesis using either approach. Radiographic examination after injecting a radiopaque contrast medium may be necessary to assess the success of centesis especially if bursal fluid is not obtained during centesis. Injecting air along with the radiopaque contrast medium provides more accurate ultrasonographic confirmation of centesis and better radiographic definition than does injection without air.     

不同样本商品蜂蜜中硒含量的测定

用硝酸和高氯酸消化蜂蜜,使硒游离出来,在微酸性环境下,硒和2,3-二氨基萘(DAN)生成有较强荧光的物质,用环己烷萃取,在激发波长378nm,荧光波长518nm处测定其荧光强度。蜂蜜中硒含量范围:0.10～0.82μg/g。表明:蜂蜜应视为天然富硒营养品。     

乳酸杆菌益生作用机制的研究进展

乳酸杆菌作为益生菌广泛用于人和动物。本文综述了乳酸杆菌改善宿主健康的机制。乳酸杆菌可通过产生抗菌物质如乳酸、过氧化氢、细菌素,或者通过竞争营养或肠道黏附位点来抑制致病菌;通过诱导黏附素的分泌或阻止细胞凋亡而增强肠道的屏障功能,从而保护肠道。文章重点讨论了乳酸杆菌表面成分（表面蛋白、脂磷壁酸和肽聚糖）与肠道受体（Ｃ型凝集素受体、Ｔｏｌｌ样受体和 Ｎｏｄ样受体）,阐述了他们结合后启动免疫调节信号,调控肠道免疫功能以发挥改善健康作用的机制。     

Effects of size of ingestively masticated fragments of plant tissues on kinetics of digestion of NDF

Ingestively masticated fragments were collected and sized via sieving. Different sizes of esophageal masticate and ruminal digesta fragments, and ground fragments of larger masticated pieces were incubated in vitro, and undigested NDF remaining at intervals of up to 168 h of incubation was determined. The ruminal age-dependent time delay (tau) for onset of digestion of NDF was positively correlated (P < 0.004) with the mean sieve aperture estimated to retain 50% of the fragments between successive sieve apertures (MRA). Degradation rate of potentially degradable NDF (PDF) and level of indigestible NDF were not related (P > 0.10) to MRA of masticated and ground fragments. Estimates of tau were positively related to MRA, with slopes of bermudagrass < corn silage < ruminal fragments of corn silage. It was concluded that fragment size-, and consequently, ruminal age-dependent onset of PDF degradation of a mixture of different fragment sizes results in an age-dependent rate of degradation of the more rapidly degrading of two subentities of PDF. Models are proposed that assume a tau before onset of simultaneous degradation of PDF from two pools characterized as having gamma-modeled age-dependency and age-constant rates. The ruminal age-dependent pool seems to be associated with the faster-degrading pool, and its rate parameter increases with range in MRA in the population of fragments. Conceptually, the ruminal age-dependent rate parameter for PDF degradation seems to represent a composite of several effects: 1) effects of the size-dependent tau; 2) range in MRA of the population of ingestively masticated fragments; and 3) subentities of PDF that degrade via more rapid age-dependent rates compared with subentities of PDF that degrade via age-constant rates. The estimated fractional rates of ruminative comminution of ingestively masticated fragments (0.060 to 0.075/h) were of a magnitude similar to the mean fractional rates of PDF digestion (0.030 to 0.085/h), which implies that ruminative comminution may be first-limiting to fractional rate of PDF digestion. The in vivo roles of ingestive and ruminative mastication of fragments on PDF degradation must be considered in any kinetic system for estimating PDF digestion in the rumen. These results and others in the literature suggest that the rate of surface area exposure rather than intrinsic chemical attributes of PDF may be first-limiting to degradation rate of PDF in vivo.