共查询到19条相似文献,搜索用时 258 毫秒
1.
2.
Koeun Han Hee-Jin Jeong Joohee Sung YoungSoo Keum Jeong-Han Kim Jin-Kyung Kwon Byung-Dong Kim 孔秋生 《辣椒杂志》2013,11(1):38-47
辣椒由于含有生物碱化合物辣椒素和辣椒素类物质(capsaicinoids)而具有独特的辣味。虽然辣椒素类物质已被证实对人体健康有药理和生理作用,但由于具有辛辣味,使得辣椒素类物质的应用受到限制。在无辣味的辣椒中发现的辣椒素酯类物质(capsinoids)与辣椒素类物质具有非常相近的结构和相似的生物效应。以前的研究表明,p-AMT基因突变与辣椒素酯类物质的产生相关,然而,辣椒素酯类物质的合成途径尚未被完全阐明。在本研究中,我们对F6重组自交系群体进行了遗传分析,以确定辣椒素酯类物质的合成机制。在这个群体中,辣椒素酯类物质的产生与否表现出了与具有Pun1位点的基因型植株的共分离。此外,我们筛选了辣椒素酯类物质的合成模式,以及在p-AMT突变系中Pun1位点与辣椒素酯类物质合成的相关性。在辣椒种质中,我们筛选到p-AMT基因中PLP结合结构域中的氨基酸取代突变体。隐性pun1基因存在时不合成辣椒素酯类物质,同时还发现p-AMT突变型和辣椒素酯类物质的含量之间并无关系。由此认为Pun1基因不仅负责辣椒素类物质合成,同时也控制着辣椒素酯类物质的合成。 相似文献
3.
4.
5.
辣椒素类物质研究进展 总被引:10,自引:1,他引:9
本文介绍了辣椒素类物质的种类及其特性,并就国内外在辣椒素类物质方面的研究进展,如辣椒素类物质的代谢,不同辣椒品种和不同生长期间辣椒素物质含量的变化等进行了综述.亦简述了辣椒素类产品今后的发展方向. 相似文献
6.
7.
辣椒素是一种仅在辣椒属植物中合成的十分重要的次生代谢产物,其生物合成受遗传和环境的双重影响。辣椒中辣椒素含量的高低决定辣度的大小。辣椒素类物质是由香草基胺与C9-C11支链脂肪酸合成,前者来源苯丙氨基酸途径,后者来源于缬氨酸或亮氨酸。参与辣椒素合成途径中目前已知的酶有:苯丙氨酸裂解酶(PAL)、肉桂酸水解酶(Ca4H)、对香豆酸水解酶(C3H)、咖啡酸转甲氧基酶(COMT)、氨基转移酶(pAMT)、支链氨基酸转移酶(BCAT)、β-酮脂酰-ACP合酶(KAS)、酰基运载蛋白(ACL)、酰基-ACP-硫酯酶(FAT)、去饱和酶、酰基CoA合成酶(ACS)和辣椒素合成酶(capsaicin synthase,CS)等。目前,参与辣椒素类物质生物合成的PAL、Ca4H、COMT、pAMT、KAS、ACL、FAT、ACS和CS基因已经克隆出来,相应功能也做了初步的研究。综述了辣椒素生物合成相关基因的克隆和特性研究的最新进展,并探讨了辣椒素基因研究存在的问题和今后研究的方向。 相似文献
8.
9.
10.
辣椒素类物质代谢生理研究进展 总被引:6,自引:1,他引:5
本文对辣椒素类物质的生理作用、结构与性质,辣椒素在辣椒果实中的合成途径、分布及积累特点,以及通过细胞组织培养研究和生产辣椒素进行了讨论。 相似文献
11.
12.
常温贮藏条件下两种包装对干椒品质的影响研究 总被引:1,自引:1,他引:0
研究了常用的两种包装材料在常温贮藏条件下,干椒外观品质和干椒色泽、辣(气)味、脆度、水分含量、辣椒素含量、含油率等指标的变化规律。结果表明:采用编织袋常温贮藏干椒,贮藏时间短于6个月,且品质变化快;而采用塑料袋常温贮藏干椒,贮藏时间可达12个月,且品质变化慢。采用编织袋和塑料袋常温贮藏干椒,都会引起干椒辣椒素和含油率的下降,但采用编织袋贮藏的干椒下降幅度比塑料袋大。采用编织袋常温贮藏的干椒,水分含量变化幅度大,明显高于采用塑料袋常温贮藏的干椒,且干椒霉变速度快。 相似文献
13.
14.
15.
16.
This study was conducted to determine the effects of genetic and environmental factors on onion pungency, estimated as pyruvic acid levels. Genetically identical clones were grown at three different field locations and in a greenhouse. Onion pungency was significantly influenced by clone type, location, and their interaction. Genetic differences were the major determining factor of onion pungency (81.3% of total variation). Location, including all environmental factors, and the clone × location interaction comprised 11.4% and 7.3% of the total variation, respectively. The magnitude of the pungency difference among field-grown onions was about 1.5 μmol/ml. The pungency levels were not positively correlated with soil sulfur nutrition levels, which ranged from 16 to 97 ppm. Within clones, onion pungency levels were loosely inversely correlated with increasing bulb weight. The clones proved to have the most uniform pungency (8% CV), followed by hybrids (10.6% CV) and open-pollinated cultivars (21.3% CV). We have demonstrated that genetic factors were determinant of onion pungency. Environmental factors influenced pungency to a lesser degree. Therefore, choosing cultivars with low pungency, ideal growing environments and proper sulfur nutrition control, are key factor in producing sweet onions. 相似文献
17.
Sérgio D. Lannes Fernando L. Finger Adilson R. Schuelter Vicente W.D. Casali 《Scientia Horticulturae》2007
Total fresh and dry weight of Capsicum chinense fruit accessions were inversely correlated with accumulation of dry matter, and fruits with a higher percentage of dry matter accumulated proportionally more total soluble solids. Based on regression analysis, a 1% increase in fruit dry weight was associated with a 0.28% improvement in total soluble content, up to a maximum total soluble solid content of 10.25%. Regardless of shape, larger fruits had thicker pericarps, and were therefore more suitable for open air fresh markets. Smaller fruits had thinner pericarps and higher concentrations of total soluble solids and were more appropriate for dehydration and paprika production. Dry fruits with color intensities greater than 200 ASTA units, as required for paprika production, were found in 18.4% of the analyzed accessions. A large number of accessions, close to 27%, had total capsaicinoid concentrations less than or equal to 1.9 mg g−1 dry weight, and can be considered as sweet or light pungent fruits. A small percentage of accessions (2.5%) were classified as extremely hot fruits. 相似文献
18.