共查询到19条相似文献,搜索用时 234 毫秒
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木寡糖是一种植物源寡糖,对动物体的生理功能多且显著,而其是否作为寡糖素诱发植物防卫尚不明确。本文分析了不同浓度木寡糖诱导拟南芥植株对不同营养型病原的抗性。结果表明,木寡糖能诱发拟南芥对半活体病原细菌丁香假单胞菌番茄致病变种、活体病原烟草花叶病毒和死体病原真菌核盘菌的抗性,且具有剂量依赖效应,随着木寡糖浓度的提高到100 μg/mL,对Pst DC3000和TMV诱导抗病效果逐渐增强;当木寡糖浓度提高到50 μg/mL,对核盘菌的诱导抗病效果不再升高;说明木寡糖是一种新的可诱发拟南芥广谱抗病性的寡糖素。本研究为进一步解析木寡糖诱发植物免疫的信号传导和开发新的病害控制策略提供了依据。 相似文献
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细菌鞭毛素对植物免疫防卫反应及其信号机制的激发 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
细菌鞭毛素(flagellin)是一类可以诱导寄主植物细胞发生防卫反应的病原物相关分子模式(PAMP)因子,其活性位点是被称为flg22的N 末端保守的22个氨基酸多肽,植物体内与其结合的模式识别受体是FLS2。flg22可以诱导植物细胞发生活性氧(ROS)的猝发、细胞培养介质碱化、一氧化氮(NO)的产生,胼胝质沉积以及MAPK级联反应、防卫基因表达等多种防卫反应。本文结合本室有关水稻白叶枯病菌的研究结果,综述近年来国内外在鞭毛素诱导植物防卫反应研究领域的最新研究进展。 相似文献
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植物诱导防御是当前国际生物防治学的热点内容,研究发现寡糖类物质是一类有效的诱导子,对于植物具有免疫调节作用,可以增强植物应对病虫害的能力。利用其进行植物病虫害防治是植物保护的新途径。本文将对目前应用较为广泛的寡糖诱导子来源和实际应用情况,以及寡糖诱抗机理研究中寡糖识别机制的研究进展进行综述。 相似文献
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我国植物免疫诱导技术的研究现状与趋势分析 总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5
植物免疫诱导技术是近年来发展十分快速的新领域,本文从具有植物免疫诱导作用的蛋白质、壳寡糖和微生物诱导菌等方面介绍了我国植物免疫诱导技术的研究现状,阐述了植物免疫诱导剂的作用机理及诱导和提高植物免疫抗病的作用,分析了植物免疫诱导剂蛋白质生物农药、壳寡糖生物农药及微生物诱抗剂的发展趋势及应用前景。 相似文献
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植物在与病原微生物共同进化的过程中,发展了一系列拮抗病原物侵染的复杂的防御反应体系。在植物与病原互作中,有大量的基因诱导表达,它们编码的蛋白质参与植物对病原物的防卫生反应,这类基因称之为防卫相关基因(defense related genes),或简称为防卫基因(defense genes)。根据防卫基因表达产物及其功能,可大致分为次生物质合成基因、水解酶和病程相关基因、细胞壁修饰有关基因和清除活性氧的细胞内防卫酶系统基因四大类。从1902年人们发现病原物侵染而引起植物过敏反应起,人们对防卫反应进行了广泛深入的研究,到目前为止,防卫基因仍然是植保和遗传学家们研究的前沿和重点。 相似文献
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Robert A. Andersson Motomu Akita Minna Pirhonen Elin Gammelgård Jari P.T. Valkonen 《Journal of General Plant Pathology》2005,71(1):23-28
Vascular plants have various inducible resistance mechanisms as defense against pathogens. Mosses, small nonvascular plants (subkingdom Bryophyta), have been little studied in regard to their pathogens or modes of defense. Data here show that Erwinia carotovora, a bacterial plant pathogen that causes softrot in many dicotyledonous plants, can also cause soft rot symptoms in the moss Physcomitrella patens. Infection of moss by E. carotovora required pathogenicity factors similar to those required to infect vascular plants and, again as in vascular plants, salicylic acid (SA) induced moss to inhibit tissue maceration by Erwinia. These data reveal that SA-dependent defense pathways may have evolved before differentiation of vascular and nonvascular plants. 相似文献
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在与寄主植物长期共同进化的过程中,为了更好地适应和利用寄主,植食性昆虫进化出了多种取食方式。同时,为了应对植食性昆虫的取食,植物进化出了多种防御策略,包括直接防御和间接防御。在整个昆虫-植物互作过程中,昆虫唾液起着重要作用。一方面,昆虫唾液中一些组分可以被植物识别并诱导植物防御反应;另一方面,昆虫通过分泌唾液到植物中调控寄主防御反应。该文从昆虫-植物互作的角度出发介绍植食性昆虫唾液的成分与功能,着重对昆虫唾液激发子和效应子的研究进展进行了综述,并对未来唾液的研究及其在害虫防治中的应用进行展望。 相似文献
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Vincentius A. Halim Astrid Hunger Violetta Macioszek Peter Landgraf Thorsten Nürnberger Dierk Scheel Sabine Rosahl 《Physiological and Molecular Plant Pathology》2004,64(6):311-318
The Phytophthora-derived oligopeptide elicitor, Pep-13, originally identified as an inducer of plant defense in the nonhost–pathogen interaction of parsley and Phytophthora sojae, triggers defense responses in potato. In cultured potato cells, Pep-13 treatment results in an oxidative burst and activation of defense genes. Infiltration of Pep-13 into leaves of potato plants induces the accumulation of hydrogen peroxide, defense gene expression and the accumulation of jasmonic and salicylic acids. Derivatives of Pep-13 show similar elicitor activity in parsley and potato, suggesting a receptor-mediated induction of defense response in potato similar to that observed in parsley. However, unlike in parsley, infiltration of Pep-13 into leaves leads to the development of hypersensitive response-like cell death in potato. Interestingly, Pep-13-induced necrosis formation, hydrogen peroxide formation and accumulation of jasmonic acid, but not activation of a subset of defense genes, is dependent on salicylic acid, as shown by infiltration of Pep-13 into leaves of potato plants unable to accumulate salicylic acid. Thus, in a host plant of Phytophthora infestans, Pep-13 is able to elicit salicylic acid-dependent and -independent defense responses. 相似文献
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Faustino Verônica Aparecida de Almeida Barros Rafael da Silva Júnior Neilier Rodrigues Barbosa Samuel Lessa Vital Camilo Elber da Silva Felipe Lopes Cabrera Yaremis Beatriz Meriño Campos Wellington Garcia de Oliveira Ramos Humberto Josué de Almeida Oliveira Maria Goreti 《Phytoparasitica》2021,49(4):491-500
Phytoparasitica - Soybean plants are exposed to multiple stresses during development. Co-occurring stresses can activate common defense pathways on plants, increasing end products concentrations,... 相似文献
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褐飞虱与白背飞虱为害诱导水稻防御反应的比较 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
为探究2种稻飞虱——褐飞虱Nilaparvata lugens(St?l)和白背飞虱Sogatella furcifera(Horváth)诱导的水稻防御反应差异,于室内测定了水稻在分别受褐飞虱或白背飞虱产卵雌成虫为害时,其茉莉酸、水杨酸、乙烯、H_2O_2以及挥发物含量的变化。结果表明,尽管褐飞虱和白背飞虱产卵雌成虫的为害均可以诱导水稻茉莉酸、水杨酸、乙烯和H_2O_2等防御相关信号分子以及一些水稻挥发物含量的增加,但是二者的诱导作用存在差异。水稻在受白背飞虱产卵雌成虫为害时,茉莉酸的含量在3 h时就显著升高,12 h时含量达到最高;而受褐飞虱产卵雌成虫为害时,6 h时茉莉酸含量才显著升高,72 h时含量达最高;并且在2种稻飞虱为害的3~48 h内,白背飞虱为害诱导的茉莉酸含量始终显著高于褐飞虱为害诱导的。水稻受白背飞虱产卵雌成虫为害24 h后诱导的水杨酸含量、为害48 h后诱导的乙烯含量、为害72 h后诱导的H_2O_2含量及为害24 h后诱导的挥发物释放量分别是褐飞虱产卵雌成虫为害诱导的1.28、1.45、4.10和1.77倍。表明水稻能识别褐飞虱和白背飞虱的为害,从而做出针对害虫种类特异性的防御反应;并且水稻对白背飞虱产卵雌成虫为害所做出的防御反应比对褐飞虱的更强烈。 相似文献
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Organic agriculture does not rely on synthetic chemical fungicides. An alternative pest management strategy to chemical fungicides is the use of bioactive natural compounds. Hordenine [4-(2-dimethylaminoethyl)] is a phenethylamine alkaloid found in barley. Although hordenine has various pharmacological effects, including antibiotic activity against microorganisms, no studies have been carried out to investigate the inhibitory effects of hordenine on phytopathogenic fungal infection in host plants. Both grape downy mildew and strawberry anthracnose were suppressed by hordenine treatment. Hordenine had no effect on mycelial growth of phytopathogenic fungi, whereas plant defense response through the jasmonate-dependent defense pathway was enhanced in hordenine-treated plants. The concern over environmental pollution has led to the introduction of new pesticides, including bioactive natural compound based pesticide. Hordenine may be used in organic agriculture as an innovative elicitor of plant defense response to downy mildew and anthracnose. 相似文献
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茉莉酸(JA)广泛存在于植物体中,是植物防御反应的一种重要信号分子。根据目前的研究对茉莉酸的合成途径、茉莉酸诱导的直接和间接防御反应以及外源茉莉酸处理对害虫的控制作用进行概括和总结,并对茉莉酸的应用前景进行展望。 相似文献