绵阳南郊机场专用道边坡绿化技术及防护效益的研究

根据立地条件和生物生态学特征,选用狗牙根(Cynodon dactylon)、百喜草(Paspalum notatum)、高羊茅(Festuca arundinacea)、多年生黑麦草(Lolium perenne)、结缕草(Zoysia japonica)和白三叶(Trifoliumrepens)在绵阳南郊机场专用道边坡绿化中按不同组合实施混播建坪。通过对密度、高度、盖度、生物量以及防护效果的系统观测,结果表明,在当地立地条件下,最适合以狗牙根和百喜草为主混播建植公路边坡植被。     

洛湛铁路边坡稳定和绿化技术探讨

选用狗牙根Cynodon dactylon,百喜草Paspalam notatum,猫尾草Phleum pratense,高羊茅Festuca elata草种以达到稳定和绿化铁路边坡的目的.3-7月播种的草种能在短期内形成有效覆盖,当年覆盖率可达95%以上,狗牙根 百喜草混播及狗牙根 猫尾草混播革种生长好,绿期长,密度大对边坡的稳定防冲效果最佳.     

福厦高速公路边坡稳定和绿化技术研究

选用狗牙根、百喜草、宽叶雀稗草种以达到稳定和绿化高速公路边坡的目的。3－6月份播种的草种能在短期内形成有效覆盖，当年覆盖率可达95％，狗牙根＋百喜草混播组合草种生长好，绿期戊，密度大，对边坡的稳定和防冲效果最佳，可减少土壤侵蚀7200t/km^2。     

湖南地区常绿草坪混播组合筛选研究

根据立地条件和生物学特性,选择暖季型草坪草狗牙根和冷季型草坪草草地早熟禾的不同品种按照不同比例混播成24种草坪进行试验,并对不同混播组合进行了适应性和成坪品质的观察测定,成坪后用模糊数学综合评判法评定草坪质量。结果表明,24种不同混播草坪质量有所差异,初步确定在湖南地区用金字塔狗牙根3 g/m2+自由2号早熟禾10 g/m2的混播草坪全年综合质量表现最佳。     

长江1号苇状羊茅在边坡植被群落中的变化规律

通过对长江1号苇状羊茅与4种草种混播后的草坪观测,发现其与普通狗牙根组合对边坡植被覆盖度较好,达到95%。4种混播草坪的根系地下分布也以长江1号苇状羊茅+普通狗牙根组合根系之间的交错程度最致密,同时通过对4种混播草坪护坡效果及长江1号苇状羊茅的优势度测定,得出长江1号苇状羊茅适宜在四川地区用于边坡护理,长江1号苇状羊茅与狗牙根混播护坡固土效果较好。     

防护草坪质量评价及其混播组合优化研究

为优化筛选适合亚热带地区水土保持的草坪混播组合,对当地表现良好的草坪草进行混播建坪,分别在幼坪和成坪阶段观测相关指标,采用多项表观指标及模糊数学评价法,对各组合的坪用表现给予综合评价.结果表明,混播草坪在成坪速度、抗杂草能力以及抗病虫害等方面均体现出更广泛的适应性和混播草种间的互补性优势,适应当地气候条件的优化组合有3个,分别为:Z3(高羊茅40％+多年生黑麦草10％+狗牙根20％+白三叶10％+紫花苜蓿20％)、Z2(高羊茅40％+多年生黑麦草10％+狗牙根30％+白三叶20％)和Z1(狗牙根50％+高羊茅40％+多年生黑麦草10％),在五级评价体系中位居Ⅱ级和Ⅲ级.根据综合评价值的大小,筛选出用于水土保持的最优混播组合为:Z3,即高羊茅40％+多年生黑麦草10％+狗牙根20％+白三叶10％+紫花苜蓿20％.     

三种暖季型草坪秋季追播多年生黑麦草的效果比较

对杂交狗牙根、沟叶结缕草和钝叶草三种暖季型基础草坪秋冬季追播多年生黑麦草的效果进行了研究.结果表明,冬前钝叶草追播草坪在成坪速度和草坪质量方面都极显著差于杂交狗牙根与沟叶结缕草追播草坪;狗牙根追播草坪的成坪速度和草坪质量快于和优于沟叶结缕草追播草坪,或二者差异不显著.返青阶段,钝叶草返青推迟时间最短,但返青草坪质量最差;杂交狗牙根与沟叶结缕草草坪在这两方面均无显著差异.     

草铵膦在杂交狗牙根交播黑麦草草坪建植中的应用研究

研究了不同剂量草铵膦对杂交狗牙根(Cynodon dactylon)交播多年生黑麦草(Lolium perenne)草坪的质量调控效果。结果表明:低剂量草铵膦处理(225,450 g/hm2)对杂交狗牙根草坪的色泽没有显著的影响,但能够显著抑制杂交狗牙根的生长,而中、高剂量处理则对杂交狗牙根草坪的色泽有显著的负面影响;所有草铵膦处理对多年生黑麦草的萌发没有影响,且能够显著改善交播草坪的冬季色泽,450g/hm2剂量处理的冬季色泽均能维持在90%;低剂量草铵膦处理(225,450 g/hm2)对杂交狗牙根草坪的春季返青没有显著的影响,但中、高剂量的草铵膦处理则对杂交狗牙根的春季返青造成了严重的负面影响,显著延迟了杂交狗牙根的春季返青进程。试验表明450 g/hm2的草铵膦处理是交播草坪最适宜的应用剂量。     

铜尾矿对五种牧草生长情况的影响

通过盆栽实验,分析了铜尾矿对五种牧草生长发育和重金属抗性的影响。结果表明,百喜草、狗牙根、苇状羊茅能在铜尾矿上正常生长,实验草种的优劣势比较结果依次为:百喜草1.00>狗牙根0.98>苇状羊茅0.85>黑麦草0.73>苏丹草0.55。百喜草、狗牙根、苇状羊茅被认为是铜尾矿植被恢复与重建的优良先锋草种,并具有较强的重金属抗性。     

使它隆对几种草坪草生理特性的影响

通过对狗牙根Cynodon dactylon,杂交狗牙根C.dactylon ×C. transvaalensis品种Tifgreen(328)、Tifway(419)、Tifdwaf以及海雀稗Paspalum vaginatum,两耳草P.conjugatum,百喜草P.notatum,地毯草Axonopus compressus,类地毯草A.affinis,金叶钝叶草Stenotaphrum secundatum,竹节草Chrysopogon aciculatus,假俭草Eremochloa ophiuroides,匍匐剪股颖粤选1号Agrostis stolonifera cv. Yuexuan No.1新品系叶面喷施使它隆溶液,测定了部分生理指标.结果表明,使它隆对百喜草安全,0.1%使它隆溶液可用于狗牙根、海雀稗、两耳草、金叶钝叶草及假俭草草坪;高浓度使它隆总体上使草坪草叶片叶绿素含量降低、膜透性增加、可溶性糖和可溶性蛋白含量增加.     

癸氧喹酯干混悬剂含量测定的改进

采用高效液相色谱法测定癸氧喹酯干混悬剂的含量,在2-250μg/mL范围内,峰面积的常用对数与进样量浓度的常用对数呈良好的线性关系,R^2=1(n=5),平均回收率为99.24%~99.51%,RSD在0.05%~0.28%。此方法分析时间短,样品前处理简便、定量结果准确,重现性好,结果满意,为其质量控制提供了依据。     

商会自治的基石——商会自治规范研究

在现代法律秩序中,商会自治规范是制定法的基础和必要的补充,甚至在某些方面替代了制定法;商会自治规范主要包括商会组织规范、行为规范、惩罚规范以及争端解决规范等;其效力仅及于其内部成员;商会自治规范和制定法之间存在冲突,但也存在整合的基础。     

猪毛色遗传的研究进展

本文概述了猪的毛色类型、猪的毛色遗传模式,着重综述了猪毛色基因分子基础的研究进展,指出存在问题并就未来发展方向做了思考。     

中华人民共和国农业部公告 第267号

为贯彻落实《兽药生产质量管理规范》(简称《兽药GMP》),进一步推动兽药GMP实施进程,我部制定了《兽药生产质量管理规范检查验收办法》,现予公告。本公告自2003年6月1日起施行。附件:兽药生产质量管理规范检查验收办法二○○三年四月十日第一章 总则 第一条 为推动《兽药生产质量管理规范》(以下简称兽药GMP)的实施,规范兽药GMP检查验收工作,制定本办法。 第二条 农业部负责全国兽药GMP管理和检查验收工作;负责制修订兽药GMP检查验收管理规定;负责兽药GMP检查员队伍建设和监督管理工作,负责国际兽药贸易中GMP互认工作。 …     

鸡败血支原体垂直传播模式及其阻断方法

以国际标准强毒Ｒ株人工感染非免疫产蛋鸡,定时扑杀,分别从鼻窦、眶下孔、气管、肺、气囊、卵巢和输卵管分离ＭＧ,并收集感染鸡所产蛋分离ＭＧ。结果表明,人工感染４８小时后上、下呼吸道及肺已被全面感染,９６小时气囊已被感染,１２０小时输卵管已能分离到ＭＧ,卵巢始终分离不到ＭＧ。人工感染鸡自１４４小时便能在其所产蛋中分离出ＭＧ。药物治疗能在７２小时内消除感染,油乳剂苗则需２４天后逐渐降低蛋内ＭＧ分离率,药物卵内注射、种蛋药浴、高温处理均能杀死卵内ＭＧ,但以研制的种蛋浸泡剂药浴效果为最好。     

Comparison of 2 methods of centesis of the bursa of the biceps brachii tendon of horses

REASONS FOR PERFORMING STUDY: Centesis of the bicipital bursa using an 8.9 cm long spinal needle has been reported but the alternative of employing a 3.8 cm long hypodermic needle requires validation. OBJECTIVE: To compare the efficacy of 2 different methods of centesis of the bicipital bursa and to evaluate the usefulness of ultrasonographic imaging to determine the location of solution administered when centesis of the bursa is attempted. METHODS: For Trial 1, 6 clinicians, who had no previous experience of centesis of the bicipital bursa, attempted to inject a solution composed of an aqueous radiopaque contrast medium and physiological saline solution (PSS) into the bicipital bursae of 2/12 horses using the previously described distal approach to inject one bursa and a proximal approach to inject the contralateral bursa. The bicipital tendon and bursa were examined ultrasonographically before and after injection; and both shoulders were examined radiographically to identify the location of the medium. In Trial 2, another 6 clinicians, also with no previous experience of centesis, repeated Trial 1, using 6 horses, but the radiopaque contrast medium was mixed with air instead of PSS. RESULTS: Accuracy of centesis using the proximal approach was 39% and that of the distal approach 28%. Ultrasonographic examination of the shoulder allowed the location of solution and air to be accurately predicted in all 12 shoulders examined. CONCLUSIONS: Clinicians who have had no previous experience performing centesis of the bicipital bursa are unlikely to be successful in centesis using either approach. Radiographic examination after injecting a radiopaque contrast medium may be necessary to assess the success of centesis especially if bursal fluid is not obtained during centesis. Injecting air along with the radiopaque contrast medium provides more accurate ultrasonographic confirmation of centesis and better radiographic definition than does injection without air.     

不同样本商品蜂蜜中硒含量的测定

用硝酸和高氯酸消化蜂蜜,使硒游离出来,在微酸性环境下,硒和2,3-二氨基萘(DAN)生成有较强荧光的物质,用环己烷萃取,在激发波长378nm,荧光波长518nm处测定其荧光强度。蜂蜜中硒含量范围:0.10～0.82μg/g。表明:蜂蜜应视为天然富硒营养品。     

乳酸杆菌益生作用机制的研究进展

乳酸杆菌作为益生菌广泛用于人和动物。本文综述了乳酸杆菌改善宿主健康的机制。乳酸杆菌可通过产生抗菌物质如乳酸、过氧化氢、细菌素,或者通过竞争营养或肠道黏附位点来抑制致病菌;通过诱导黏附素的分泌或阻止细胞凋亡而增强肠道的屏障功能,从而保护肠道。文章重点讨论了乳酸杆菌表面成分（表面蛋白、脂磷壁酸和肽聚糖）与肠道受体（Ｃ型凝集素受体、Ｔｏｌｌ样受体和 Ｎｏｄ样受体）,阐述了他们结合后启动免疫调节信号,调控肠道免疫功能以发挥改善健康作用的机制。     

Effects of size of ingestively masticated fragments of plant tissues on kinetics of digestion of NDF

Ingestively masticated fragments were collected and sized via sieving. Different sizes of esophageal masticate and ruminal digesta fragments, and ground fragments of larger masticated pieces were incubated in vitro, and undigested NDF remaining at intervals of up to 168 h of incubation was determined. The ruminal age-dependent time delay (tau) for onset of digestion of NDF was positively correlated (P < 0.004) with the mean sieve aperture estimated to retain 50% of the fragments between successive sieve apertures (MRA). Degradation rate of potentially degradable NDF (PDF) and level of indigestible NDF were not related (P > 0.10) to MRA of masticated and ground fragments. Estimates of tau were positively related to MRA, with slopes of bermudagrass < corn silage < ruminal fragments of corn silage. It was concluded that fragment size-, and consequently, ruminal age-dependent onset of PDF degradation of a mixture of different fragment sizes results in an age-dependent rate of degradation of the more rapidly degrading of two subentities of PDF. Models are proposed that assume a tau before onset of simultaneous degradation of PDF from two pools characterized as having gamma-modeled age-dependency and age-constant rates. The ruminal age-dependent pool seems to be associated with the faster-degrading pool, and its rate parameter increases with range in MRA in the population of fragments. Conceptually, the ruminal age-dependent rate parameter for PDF degradation seems to represent a composite of several effects: 1) effects of the size-dependent tau; 2) range in MRA of the population of ingestively masticated fragments; and 3) subentities of PDF that degrade via more rapid age-dependent rates compared with subentities of PDF that degrade via age-constant rates. The estimated fractional rates of ruminative comminution of ingestively masticated fragments (0.060 to 0.075/h) were of a magnitude similar to the mean fractional rates of PDF digestion (0.030 to 0.085/h), which implies that ruminative comminution may be first-limiting to fractional rate of PDF digestion. The in vivo roles of ingestive and ruminative mastication of fragments on PDF degradation must be considered in any kinetic system for estimating PDF digestion in the rumen. These results and others in the literature suggest that the rate of surface area exposure rather than intrinsic chemical attributes of PDF may be first-limiting to degradation rate of PDF in vivo.