湖南长沙市病死畜禽无害化处理监管分析

为做好病死畜禽无害化处理工作,长沙市全面开展动物无害化处理体系建设,加强信息化监管平台建设,积极推动地方立法,严厉打击违法行为,探索建立病死动物无害化处理长效监管机制。本文通过概述长沙市病死畜禽无害化处理工作现状,分析了长沙市现有动物无害化处理体系建设情况,包括动物无害化处理中心、收集转运中心、收集暂存点和无害化处理点等。指出了当前存在的监管难度大,养殖保险未全覆盖,补助机制不完善,相关法律法规不健全等问题,由此提出加大财政支持力度,实现养殖保险全覆盖,完善无害化处理补助机制,推动出台相关法律法规,厘清责任分工等思考建议。     

会宁县病死动物无害化处理情况调研报告

为全面了解病死动物无害化处理现状,总结工作经验,及时发现问题,规范运行病死动物无害化处理工作程序,会宁县组织力量,专人负责,集中时间,以乡镇分所为依托,对病死动物无害化处理立法情况、监管情况、经费落实情况以及采用的主要方式、工艺和运转模式进行了调研。     

甘州区病死动物无害化处理现状及建议

通过对甘州区病死动物无害化处理的现状、存在的问题进行了阐述,提出了建立病死动物无害化处理机制及完善监管措施的建议,以供参考。     

病死动物无害化处理与资源化利用一体化运行新模式——关于长沙县病死动物无害化处理的调查

近年来,长沙县积极探索病死动物无害化处理与资源化利用一体化运行新模式,在县畜牧兽医部门的统一监管下,围绕病死动物无害化处理,将病死动物的收集、暂存、转运、无害化处理、残渣资源化利用以及保险理赔、无害化处理补贴等环节实行一体化管理,实现相互监管、共同促进,走出了一条病死动物无害化处理长效运行的新路子,为推进病死动物无害化处理和资源化利用提供了一些可资借鉴的经验和启示。     

病死动物无害化处理的思考

<正>病死动物及其产品无害化处理事关重大动物疫病防控,事关动物源性食品安全,事关人民群众身体健康。2013年上海黄浦江漂浮死猪事件,更是将病死动物无害化处理工作推到风口浪尖。重新审视当前畜牧业现代化发展现状,我国部分地区存在病死动物无害化处理难、畜牧业转型升级不够快等深层次问题,需要认真深入研究、切实加以解决,促进全国畜牧业持续健康发展,保障人民群众身体健康和生命安全。1病死动物无害化处理存在的问题1.1养殖场户病死动物无害化处理意识淡薄     

加强流程监管确保病死动物无害化处理无死角

畜禽养殖过程中,病死动物处理一直是制约畜禽养殖产业健康可持续发展的主要因素。常规病死动物处理主要采用掩埋、石灰消毒、焚烧等手段进行处理。由于一些养殖者缺乏病死动物无害化处理常识,为了减少成本,往往将病死动物不经处理,直接丢弃在江河路边,或者就近处理,很容易造成掩埋不深,消毒不严格,处理不彻底。还有不少违法养殖者和商贩,利用部门之间的监管漏洞,不对病死动物进行无害化处理,将病死动物上市销售,严重扰乱了动物市场秩序安全,给消费者身心健康带来巨大危害。因此,做好病死动物无害化处理流程监管工作,对提高病死动物处理效率,避免病死动物向市场流通有着很大帮助。笔者主要结合实际情况,就加强流程监管确保病死动物无害化处理无死角的措施开展论述。     

黑山县病死动物无害化处理模式的建立与应用

本文对2014年黑山县病死动物无害化处理基础设施的建设情况、保险公司联动情况及病死动物收集系统的组建、运行、监管等情况进行了详细的阐述,确立了黑山县病死动物无害化处理模式并取得了良好的应用效果,对全省病死动物无害化处理长效机制的建立起到了示范作用.     

宁波市镇海区病死动物无害化处理模式及成效调查

正近年来,宁波市镇海区有关部门十分重视病死动物的无害化处理工作,把病死动物的无害化处理作为重大动物疫病防控工作的重中之重,切实抓紧抓好。病死动物无害化收集点自2013年8月试运行以来,已处理病死动物180 t,构建了病死动物无害化处理长效管理机制,从源头上遏制病死动物流向市场,动作迅速、模式创新,成效显著。1主要做法1.1领导重视,特事特办为进一步加强对病死动物无害化处理工作的监管,规范病死动物无害化处     

湖南省病死动物无害化处理工作调研

为了解湖南省各地动物实际饲养数量、动物死亡率、病死动物无害化处理的方式、方法、成本和无害化处理设施设备建设等情况,对湖南省部分市、县及乡镇动物防疫站、规模养殖场病死动物无害化处理情况进行调研后,提出做好病死动物无害化处理工作的建议。     

动物无害化处理场的动物卫生监督管理规范

病死畜禽无害化处理不彻底,将导致疫病传播、环境卫生污染,危及食品安全和人体健康,并可能引发严重的公共卫生安全事件。截止目前:黑龙江省共有16家病死畜禽无害化处理场,作者根据动物卫生监督机构的监管职能,研究分析对病死畜禽无害化处理场的监管工作,起草拟定病死畜禽无害化处理场的动物卫生监督管理规范。     

癸氧喹酯干混悬剂含量测定的改进

采用高效液相色谱法测定癸氧喹酯干混悬剂的含量,在2-250μg/mL范围内,峰面积的常用对数与进样量浓度的常用对数呈良好的线性关系,R^2=1(n=5),平均回收率为99.24%~99.51%,RSD在0.05%~0.28%。此方法分析时间短,样品前处理简便、定量结果准确,重现性好,结果满意,为其质量控制提供了依据。     

商会自治的基石——商会自治规范研究

在现代法律秩序中,商会自治规范是制定法的基础和必要的补充,甚至在某些方面替代了制定法;商会自治规范主要包括商会组织规范、行为规范、惩罚规范以及争端解决规范等;其效力仅及于其内部成员;商会自治规范和制定法之间存在冲突,但也存在整合的基础。     

猪毛色遗传的研究进展

本文概述了猪的毛色类型、猪的毛色遗传模式,着重综述了猪毛色基因分子基础的研究进展,指出存在问题并就未来发展方向做了思考。     

中华人民共和国农业部公告 第267号

为贯彻落实《兽药生产质量管理规范》(简称《兽药GMP》),进一步推动兽药GMP实施进程,我部制定了《兽药生产质量管理规范检查验收办法》,现予公告。本公告自2003年6月1日起施行。附件:兽药生产质量管理规范检查验收办法二○○三年四月十日第一章 总则 第一条 为推动《兽药生产质量管理规范》(以下简称兽药GMP)的实施,规范兽药GMP检查验收工作,制定本办法。 第二条 农业部负责全国兽药GMP管理和检查验收工作;负责制修订兽药GMP检查验收管理规定;负责兽药GMP检查员队伍建设和监督管理工作,负责国际兽药贸易中GMP互认工作。 …     

鸡败血支原体垂直传播模式及其阻断方法

以国际标准强毒Ｒ株人工感染非免疫产蛋鸡,定时扑杀,分别从鼻窦、眶下孔、气管、肺、气囊、卵巢和输卵管分离ＭＧ,并收集感染鸡所产蛋分离ＭＧ。结果表明,人工感染４８小时后上、下呼吸道及肺已被全面感染,９６小时气囊已被感染,１２０小时输卵管已能分离到ＭＧ,卵巢始终分离不到ＭＧ。人工感染鸡自１４４小时便能在其所产蛋中分离出ＭＧ。药物治疗能在７２小时内消除感染,油乳剂苗则需２４天后逐渐降低蛋内ＭＧ分离率,药物卵内注射、种蛋药浴、高温处理均能杀死卵内ＭＧ,但以研制的种蛋浸泡剂药浴效果为最好。     

Comparison of 2 methods of centesis of the bursa of the biceps brachii tendon of horses

REASONS FOR PERFORMING STUDY: Centesis of the bicipital bursa using an 8.9 cm long spinal needle has been reported but the alternative of employing a 3.8 cm long hypodermic needle requires validation. OBJECTIVE: To compare the efficacy of 2 different methods of centesis of the bicipital bursa and to evaluate the usefulness of ultrasonographic imaging to determine the location of solution administered when centesis of the bursa is attempted. METHODS: For Trial 1, 6 clinicians, who had no previous experience of centesis of the bicipital bursa, attempted to inject a solution composed of an aqueous radiopaque contrast medium and physiological saline solution (PSS) into the bicipital bursae of 2/12 horses using the previously described distal approach to inject one bursa and a proximal approach to inject the contralateral bursa. The bicipital tendon and bursa were examined ultrasonographically before and after injection; and both shoulders were examined radiographically to identify the location of the medium. In Trial 2, another 6 clinicians, also with no previous experience of centesis, repeated Trial 1, using 6 horses, but the radiopaque contrast medium was mixed with air instead of PSS. RESULTS: Accuracy of centesis using the proximal approach was 39% and that of the distal approach 28%. Ultrasonographic examination of the shoulder allowed the location of solution and air to be accurately predicted in all 12 shoulders examined. CONCLUSIONS: Clinicians who have had no previous experience performing centesis of the bicipital bursa are unlikely to be successful in centesis using either approach. Radiographic examination after injecting a radiopaque contrast medium may be necessary to assess the success of centesis especially if bursal fluid is not obtained during centesis. Injecting air along with the radiopaque contrast medium provides more accurate ultrasonographic confirmation of centesis and better radiographic definition than does injection without air.     

不同样本商品蜂蜜中硒含量的测定

用硝酸和高氯酸消化蜂蜜,使硒游离出来,在微酸性环境下,硒和2,3-二氨基萘(DAN)生成有较强荧光的物质,用环己烷萃取,在激发波长378nm,荧光波长518nm处测定其荧光强度。蜂蜜中硒含量范围:0.10～0.82μg/g。表明:蜂蜜应视为天然富硒营养品。     

乳酸杆菌益生作用机制的研究进展

乳酸杆菌作为益生菌广泛用于人和动物。本文综述了乳酸杆菌改善宿主健康的机制。乳酸杆菌可通过产生抗菌物质如乳酸、过氧化氢、细菌素,或者通过竞争营养或肠道黏附位点来抑制致病菌;通过诱导黏附素的分泌或阻止细胞凋亡而增强肠道的屏障功能,从而保护肠道。文章重点讨论了乳酸杆菌表面成分（表面蛋白、脂磷壁酸和肽聚糖）与肠道受体（Ｃ型凝集素受体、Ｔｏｌｌ样受体和 Ｎｏｄ样受体）,阐述了他们结合后启动免疫调节信号,调控肠道免疫功能以发挥改善健康作用的机制。     

Effects of size of ingestively masticated fragments of plant tissues on kinetics of digestion of NDF

Ingestively masticated fragments were collected and sized via sieving. Different sizes of esophageal masticate and ruminal digesta fragments, and ground fragments of larger masticated pieces were incubated in vitro, and undigested NDF remaining at intervals of up to 168 h of incubation was determined. The ruminal age-dependent time delay (tau) for onset of digestion of NDF was positively correlated (P < 0.004) with the mean sieve aperture estimated to retain 50% of the fragments between successive sieve apertures (MRA). Degradation rate of potentially degradable NDF (PDF) and level of indigestible NDF were not related (P > 0.10) to MRA of masticated and ground fragments. Estimates of tau were positively related to MRA, with slopes of bermudagrass < corn silage < ruminal fragments of corn silage. It was concluded that fragment size-, and consequently, ruminal age-dependent onset of PDF degradation of a mixture of different fragment sizes results in an age-dependent rate of degradation of the more rapidly degrading of two subentities of PDF. Models are proposed that assume a tau before onset of simultaneous degradation of PDF from two pools characterized as having gamma-modeled age-dependency and age-constant rates. The ruminal age-dependent pool seems to be associated with the faster-degrading pool, and its rate parameter increases with range in MRA in the population of fragments. Conceptually, the ruminal age-dependent rate parameter for PDF degradation seems to represent a composite of several effects: 1) effects of the size-dependent tau; 2) range in MRA of the population of ingestively masticated fragments; and 3) subentities of PDF that degrade via more rapid age-dependent rates compared with subentities of PDF that degrade via age-constant rates. The estimated fractional rates of ruminative comminution of ingestively masticated fragments (0.060 to 0.075/h) were of a magnitude similar to the mean fractional rates of PDF digestion (0.030 to 0.085/h), which implies that ruminative comminution may be first-limiting to fractional rate of PDF digestion. The in vivo roles of ingestive and ruminative mastication of fragments on PDF degradation must be considered in any kinetic system for estimating PDF digestion in the rumen. These results and others in the literature suggest that the rate of surface area exposure rather than intrinsic chemical attributes of PDF may be first-limiting to degradation rate of PDF in vivo.