奶牛乳房炎的流行与诊治

奶牛乳房炎是乳腺组织受到物理、化学、微生物刺激发生的炎性变化,其特点是乳中的体细胞增多,乳腺组织发生病理变化,乳的性状品质发生异常。1病因奶牛乳房炎是奶牛因受到不良饲养管理或产后抵抗力下降时,病原微生物通过乳汁、血液和淋巴液侵入乳腺组织而造成的。乳房炎主要是由多种非特     

施立安喷撒卧床对奶牛隐性乳房炎及体细胞影响的观察

奶牛乳房炎是影响奶牛奶产量和牛奶质量的最重要疾病之一,可给奶牛养殖业带来巨大经济损失,仅隐性乳房炎所造成的经济损失即占乳房炎全部损失的70%[1]。牛奶中的细胞统称为体细胞,当乳腺发生感染时,大量的嗜中性粒细胞进入乳腺组织,从而引起乳中体细胞计数(SCC)的增加。因此,随时监测乳汁中体细胞的数量,可以动态估测奶牛乳腺的健康状况。而隐性乳房炎监测是判定牛群隐性乳房炎的发病情况。一般来说,体细胞数量的高低与     

如何利用SHI报告控制奶牛乳房炎

乳房炎是乳腺受到物理、化学、微生物学等因素刺激而发生的一种炎性反应.它不仅影响奶牛产奶量,给奶农造成经济损失,而且还会影响乳品质,危及人类健康.其特点是乳中体细胞特别是白细胞增多,乳中体细胞通常由巨噬细胞、淋巴细胞和嗜中性白细胞等组成,当乳腺受机械损伤被感染后,体细胞数就会上升.一般来说,体细胞数超过正常范围(20万～30万个/mL)是乳房受到感染的前兆.目前,国际奶业已将体细胞数作为监测鲜奶质量的重要标准.要想有效地利用它来控制乳房炎,首先必须对影响体细胞数的因素有深刻了解.     

牛博士热线

乳房炎是奶牛最常见的疾病之一．也是对奶牛生产危害最大的疾病。乳房炎是乳腺组织受到物理、化学、微生物刺激所发生的一种炎性变化。其特点是乳中体细胞增多,乳腺组织发生病理变化。乳的性状品质发生异常。     

浅谈奶牛乳房炎的危害及其综合性防治措施

1奶牛乳房炎对养牛业的危害乳房炎是乳腺受到物理、化学、微生物学刺激所发生的一种炎性变化。其特点是乳中的体细胞,特别是白细胞增多及乳腺组织发生病理变化。奶牛乳房炎与子宫炎、蹄叶炎被列为世界乳牛业的三大疾病,乳房炎不仅影响产奶量,造成经济损失;而且影响乳的品质,危及人的健康。以上是产奶量降低的直接损失,如果治疗由于奶中大量体细胞和抗生素使鲜奶受到一定程度的污染,影响乳品质和风味,降低鲜奶收购价,甚至牛奶完全废弃;同时还会影响下胎次奶量,甚至终生奶量,严重时乳房萎缩、瞎奶头。致使奶牛饲养亏本,而不得不淘汰。其它损失…     

中西医结合治疗奶牛乳房炎

乳房炎是奶牛中常见的一种多发性疾病,是乳腺受到物理、化学、微生物刺激所发生的一种炎性反应,其特点是乳中的体细胞,特别是白细胞增多以及乳腺组织发生病理变化,中兽医称临床乳房炎为"乳痈",认为是由于饲养管理失宜,邪毒侵入乳房,与积乳互结,乳络受阻而致成病.     

如何利用DHI报告控制奶牛乳房炎

乳房炎是乳腺受到物理、化学、微生物学等因素刺激而发生的一种炎性反应。它不仅影响奶牛产奶量，给奶农造成经济损失，而且还会影响乳品质，危及人类健康。其特点是乳中体细胞特别是白细胞增多，乳中体细胞通常由巨噬细胞、淋巴细胞和嗜中性白细胞等组成，当乳腺受机械损伤被感染后，体细胞数就会上升。一般来说，体细胞数超过正常范围（20万～30万个／mL）是乳房受到感染的前兆。     

金大康乳安宝

奶牛乳房炎是奶牛最常见的一种乳腺疾病，是乳腺受到物理、化学、微生物刺激时所发生的一种炎性变化，其特点是乳中的体细胞增多及乳腺组织发生病理变化。多见于高产奶牛泌乳初期或产乳量较高时期。奶牛乳房炎是奶牛的常见病、多发病，是世界乳牛业的主要危害因素之一，它不仅降低产奶量造成经济损失，而且影响乳的品质。危害人类健康，在我国，乳房炎发病率达20％-70％，个别牛群的发病率更高，经济损失惊人。要减少奶牛乳房炎造成的损失，主要应从预防着手。为此。浙江金大康动物保健品有限公司研制了奶牛乳头消毒保护剂——乳安宝，并在奶牛养殖发展较快的内蒙古地区，与当地兽医技术人员进行了病因分析及临床试验。现将乳安宝的主要成分、作用机理、用法用最及使用效果等介绍如下。     

奶牛乳房炎的预防与治疗

乳房炎是乳腺受到物理、化学、微生物学刺激所发生的一种炎性变化,其特点是乳房中的体细胞,特别是白细胞增多以及乳腺组织发生病理变化,该病是奶牛养殖业中最普通、危害最大的疾病之一,不仅影响产奶量,造成经济损失,而且影响乳的质量,危害人体的健康。在中国奶牛乳房炎的发病率高达20%～70%,个别牛群发病率更高,造成重大经济损失。     

中药治疗奶牛隐性乳房炎疗效观察

<正>奶牛乳房炎(Mastitis)是由各种病因引起的乳房的炎症,又称为奶牛乳腺炎,中兽医又称为奶肿、奶黄及乳痈,是奶牛乳腺组织的炎症,其特点是乳中体细胞尤其是白细胞增多以及乳腺组织发生病理变化。隐性乳房炎是危害奶牛养殖业最常见的疾病之一,给奶牛业带来巨大的经济损失,其发病率高,但由于病理变化轻微,无明显的临床症状,常被人们所忽视,不仅影响产奶量,而且影响乳品质,威胁公共卫生安全。     

癸氧喹酯干混悬剂含量测定的改进

采用高效液相色谱法测定癸氧喹酯干混悬剂的含量,在2-250μg/mL范围内,峰面积的常用对数与进样量浓度的常用对数呈良好的线性关系,R^2=1(n=5),平均回收率为99.24%~99.51%,RSD在0.05%~0.28%。此方法分析时间短,样品前处理简便、定量结果准确,重现性好,结果满意,为其质量控制提供了依据。     

商会自治的基石——商会自治规范研究

在现代法律秩序中,商会自治规范是制定法的基础和必要的补充,甚至在某些方面替代了制定法;商会自治规范主要包括商会组织规范、行为规范、惩罚规范以及争端解决规范等;其效力仅及于其内部成员;商会自治规范和制定法之间存在冲突,但也存在整合的基础。     

猪毛色遗传的研究进展

本文概述了猪的毛色类型、猪的毛色遗传模式,着重综述了猪毛色基因分子基础的研究进展,指出存在问题并就未来发展方向做了思考。     

中华人民共和国农业部公告 第267号

为贯彻落实《兽药生产质量管理规范》(简称《兽药GMP》),进一步推动兽药GMP实施进程,我部制定了《兽药生产质量管理规范检查验收办法》,现予公告。本公告自2003年6月1日起施行。附件:兽药生产质量管理规范检查验收办法二○○三年四月十日第一章 总则 第一条 为推动《兽药生产质量管理规范》(以下简称兽药GMP)的实施,规范兽药GMP检查验收工作,制定本办法。 第二条 农业部负责全国兽药GMP管理和检查验收工作;负责制修订兽药GMP检查验收管理规定;负责兽药GMP检查员队伍建设和监督管理工作,负责国际兽药贸易中GMP互认工作。 …     

鸡败血支原体垂直传播模式及其阻断方法

以国际标准强毒Ｒ株人工感染非免疫产蛋鸡,定时扑杀,分别从鼻窦、眶下孔、气管、肺、气囊、卵巢和输卵管分离ＭＧ,并收集感染鸡所产蛋分离ＭＧ。结果表明,人工感染４８小时后上、下呼吸道及肺已被全面感染,９６小时气囊已被感染,１２０小时输卵管已能分离到ＭＧ,卵巢始终分离不到ＭＧ。人工感染鸡自１４４小时便能在其所产蛋中分离出ＭＧ。药物治疗能在７２小时内消除感染,油乳剂苗则需２４天后逐渐降低蛋内ＭＧ分离率,药物卵内注射、种蛋药浴、高温处理均能杀死卵内ＭＧ,但以研制的种蛋浸泡剂药浴效果为最好。     

Comparison of 2 methods of centesis of the bursa of the biceps brachii tendon of horses

REASONS FOR PERFORMING STUDY: Centesis of the bicipital bursa using an 8.9 cm long spinal needle has been reported but the alternative of employing a 3.8 cm long hypodermic needle requires validation. OBJECTIVE: To compare the efficacy of 2 different methods of centesis of the bicipital bursa and to evaluate the usefulness of ultrasonographic imaging to determine the location of solution administered when centesis of the bursa is attempted. METHODS: For Trial 1, 6 clinicians, who had no previous experience of centesis of the bicipital bursa, attempted to inject a solution composed of an aqueous radiopaque contrast medium and physiological saline solution (PSS) into the bicipital bursae of 2/12 horses using the previously described distal approach to inject one bursa and a proximal approach to inject the contralateral bursa. The bicipital tendon and bursa were examined ultrasonographically before and after injection; and both shoulders were examined radiographically to identify the location of the medium. In Trial 2, another 6 clinicians, also with no previous experience of centesis, repeated Trial 1, using 6 horses, but the radiopaque contrast medium was mixed with air instead of PSS. RESULTS: Accuracy of centesis using the proximal approach was 39% and that of the distal approach 28%. Ultrasonographic examination of the shoulder allowed the location of solution and air to be accurately predicted in all 12 shoulders examined. CONCLUSIONS: Clinicians who have had no previous experience performing centesis of the bicipital bursa are unlikely to be successful in centesis using either approach. Radiographic examination after injecting a radiopaque contrast medium may be necessary to assess the success of centesis especially if bursal fluid is not obtained during centesis. Injecting air along with the radiopaque contrast medium provides more accurate ultrasonographic confirmation of centesis and better radiographic definition than does injection without air.     

不同样本商品蜂蜜中硒含量的测定

用硝酸和高氯酸消化蜂蜜,使硒游离出来,在微酸性环境下,硒和2,3-二氨基萘(DAN)生成有较强荧光的物质,用环己烷萃取,在激发波长378nm,荧光波长518nm处测定其荧光强度。蜂蜜中硒含量范围:0.10～0.82μg/g。表明:蜂蜜应视为天然富硒营养品。     

乳酸杆菌益生作用机制的研究进展

乳酸杆菌作为益生菌广泛用于人和动物。本文综述了乳酸杆菌改善宿主健康的机制。乳酸杆菌可通过产生抗菌物质如乳酸、过氧化氢、细菌素,或者通过竞争营养或肠道黏附位点来抑制致病菌;通过诱导黏附素的分泌或阻止细胞凋亡而增强肠道的屏障功能,从而保护肠道。文章重点讨论了乳酸杆菌表面成分（表面蛋白、脂磷壁酸和肽聚糖）与肠道受体（Ｃ型凝集素受体、Ｔｏｌｌ样受体和 Ｎｏｄ样受体）,阐述了他们结合后启动免疫调节信号,调控肠道免疫功能以发挥改善健康作用的机制。     

Effects of size of ingestively masticated fragments of plant tissues on kinetics of digestion of NDF

Ingestively masticated fragments were collected and sized via sieving. Different sizes of esophageal masticate and ruminal digesta fragments, and ground fragments of larger masticated pieces were incubated in vitro, and undigested NDF remaining at intervals of up to 168 h of incubation was determined. The ruminal age-dependent time delay (tau) for onset of digestion of NDF was positively correlated (P < 0.004) with the mean sieve aperture estimated to retain 50% of the fragments between successive sieve apertures (MRA). Degradation rate of potentially degradable NDF (PDF) and level of indigestible NDF were not related (P > 0.10) to MRA of masticated and ground fragments. Estimates of tau were positively related to MRA, with slopes of bermudagrass < corn silage < ruminal fragments of corn silage. It was concluded that fragment size-, and consequently, ruminal age-dependent onset of PDF degradation of a mixture of different fragment sizes results in an age-dependent rate of degradation of the more rapidly degrading of two subentities of PDF. Models are proposed that assume a tau before onset of simultaneous degradation of PDF from two pools characterized as having gamma-modeled age-dependency and age-constant rates. The ruminal age-dependent pool seems to be associated with the faster-degrading pool, and its rate parameter increases with range in MRA in the population of fragments. Conceptually, the ruminal age-dependent rate parameter for PDF degradation seems to represent a composite of several effects: 1) effects of the size-dependent tau; 2) range in MRA of the population of ingestively masticated fragments; and 3) subentities of PDF that degrade via more rapid age-dependent rates compared with subentities of PDF that degrade via age-constant rates. The estimated fractional rates of ruminative comminution of ingestively masticated fragments (0.060 to 0.075/h) were of a magnitude similar to the mean fractional rates of PDF digestion (0.030 to 0.085/h), which implies that ruminative comminution may be first-limiting to fractional rate of PDF digestion. The in vivo roles of ingestive and ruminative mastication of fragments on PDF degradation must be considered in any kinetic system for estimating PDF digestion in the rumen. These results and others in the literature suggest that the rate of surface area exposure rather than intrinsic chemical attributes of PDF may be first-limiting to degradation rate of PDF in vivo.