加强水保行政执法 依法保护治理成果

信阳市自成立水土保持监督执法机构以来,以加大水土保持法律法规宣传为主线,以加强水土保持监督执法体系建设为重点,以落实“三权一方案”为核心,以查处水土保持违法案件为突破口,加强了水土保持行政执法工作,有效地保护了治理成果。     

水土保持监督执法中存在的主要问题与对策

水土保持监督执法中仍存在法律意识不强、立法内容存在缺陷、方案实施不到位、行政干预严重、水土保持设施补偿费难征收、水土保持监督执法缺乏群众参与、执法人员素质欠缺、执法行为不规范等诸多问题。今后,要提高立法的质量,进一步完善水土保持法制体系;改革现行执法体制,赋予流域机构执法权能;以落实“三同时”制度为核心,加大执法力度;加强方案编制资质的审查和编制市场、送达制度的规范化管理;革新传统的地方干部考核制度,提高执法人员的素质;进一步做好城市水土保持工作;加强水土保持监督执法队伍建设,规范执法行为。     

长江流域水土保持监督执法存在的主要问题与对策

当前 ,长江流域在水土保持法的贯彻落实中 ,存在开发建设项目水土保持方案申报率低、实施不到位 ,水土保持设施补偿费征收困难 ,监督执法规范化水平不高等问题。今后要切实贯彻预防为主方针 ,加强以落实水土保持“三同时”制度为核心的监督检查 ,注重培训 ,不断提高执法水平 ,规范监督执法行为。     

完善开发建设项目水土保持监督机制的几点建议

以张掖市甘州区为例,对开发建设项目水土保持监督执法的现状及存在的问题进行了分析,从完善水土保持监督机制的角度,提出了强化宣传,提高认识;注重队伍建设,健全监督执法网络;落实各项制度,规范监督执法行为;加强部门协作,强化监督执法;创新监督方式,增强监督实效等5个方面的建议。     

夷陵区扎实开展水土保持监督执法工作

2012年以来,宜昌市夷陵区水土保持局以新水土保持法颁布实施一周年为契机,多措并举,扎实开展水土保持监督执法工作,取得阶段性成果,已完成对23家生产建设单位的监督检查,下达各类执法文书18份次,审批水土保持方案3件,征收水土保持补偿费20余万元。     

延庆县新农村建设中村庄水土保持的实践

在新农村建设中,延庆县水保部门抓住机遇,注入水保新理念,将村庄水土保持与新农村建设同步进行。从新农村建设中提出村庄水土保持影响范围和建设内容,通过综合治理建设生态新农村;提高水资源的利用率,解决农村生产生活用水,以产业发展为依托推动经济社会的可持续发展;以落实水土保持方案为核心,加大预防监督执法力度。针对水土保持现状,提出了村庄水土保持建设应当重视发展节水型和生态清洁型水土保持措施;注重挖掘现有水土保持成果潜力,培育发展区域主导产业;加强管护,提高投资效益,完善农村基础设施经营管理体制。     

襄汾县水土保持监督执法的主要做法及发展对策

襄汾县在水土保持监督执法工作中,狠抓规范化、标准化、制度化建设,把"两费"征收纳入政府行为,加大监督执法力度,强化监督执法意识,把好监督执法关口,开创了水土保持监督执法工作的新局面。介绍了主要做法和发展对策。     

房地产项目为何要编报水土保持方案——以信阳“GS星河湾”住宅小区项目为例

水土保持法已经明确了生产建设项目水土保持方案制度,并规定了方案编报范围、编报对象、编制机构及审批机构等内容,但在监督执法实践中还是出现了生产建设单位不愿编报水土保持方案等问题。以信阳GS置业有限公司"GS星河湾"住宅小区房地产开发项目为例,探讨基层监督执法中遇到的建设单位弄不清何为水土保持、水土流失,不了解编制水土保持方案的任务、目的和意义及不愿编报水土保持方案等问题,并介绍了成功执法的经验。     

浅议新邵县水土保持监督执法工作

新邵县水土保持监督执法工作取得一些成绩也存在一些问题，通过加大宣传力度、领导力度、执法队伍自身建设，严格依法行政，加强部门合作，新邵县水土保持监督执法工作逐步走向规范化、法制化，开创了水土保持监督执法工作新局面。     

龙南县监督执法出成效

江西省龙南县水保局以水土保持方案审批为切入点 ,以“三同时”制度的落实为重点 ,通过组建 1个水土保持生态环境监督支队和 4个中队、装备执法车辆、配齐勘测仪器、统一执法服装和健全水土保持预防监督执法 10项制度、完善执法纪律、规范执法程序等 ,有力地推进了水土保持预防     

河道堤防滩地的水土流失及其防治

平原地区河道堤防滩地的水土流失,直接淤积河床,影响行洪安全。堤防滩地的水土流失是自然因素和人为因素共同作用的结果,以新修堤防的水土流失最为严重,对其防治须实行工程措施、植物措施和人为预防相结合。     

防治水土流失 建设巴渝秀美山川

重庆地处长江上游、三峡库区,由于三峡库区水土流失严重、生态环境脆弱、自然灾害频繁,且三峡库区的水土保持和生态建设事关全市经济社会发展全局、事关三峡工程建成后的安全运行和库区的长治久安,因此是我市水土保持生态建设的重点。虽然,“长治”工程的有效实施,使我市的水土保持生态建设取得了较大的成绩,但离全面建设小康社会的要求尚有不少的差距,因此,我们要紧紧抓住国家实施可持续发展战略和西部大开发战略的历史机遇,进一步增强紧迫感、责任感和使命感,调动全社会各界力量,防治水土流失,改善生态环境,建设巴渝秀美山川。     

论水土、水土生态与水土生态保持

在论述水土在陆地生态系统中的地位和作用的基础上,提出了水土生态的概念,认为植被与水土不可分割的整体观念是水土生态的重要特征。同时,对水土生态保持的含义作了新的定义,并将水土生态保持划分为四大类型,即生态型、自然型、生产型、建设型。从水土生态的高度,从源头上、要素的联系中去认识和防治水土流失,是一种主动的、有机的、整体的水土保持观念,是水土保持认识观的深化和发展,将使水土生态保持事业进入一个崭新的时代。     

Charge characteristics and exchangeable cation status of Korean Ultisols and Alfisols and Thai Ultisols and Oxisols

The charge characteristics of A₁ or Ap and B₂ horizon samples of total 23 Ultisols, Alfisols and Oxisols in Korea and Thailand were studied by measuring the retention of NH₄⁺ and NO₃^? at different pH values (4–8) and NH₄NO₃ concentrations (0.1–0.005 m ). The magnitude of their negative charge (σ^?; meq/100g) was dependent on pH and NH₄NO₃ concentration (C; m ) as represented by a regression equation: log σ^?=apH +blogC +c. The values of the coefficient a (0.04–0.226), b (0.03–0.264) and c (–0.676–1.262) were correlated with the kinds of the soil and horizon and with the region where the soil exists. The retention of NO₃^? was less than 1 and 2–3 meq/100 g for the A₁ or Ap and B₂ horizon samples, respectively. The sum of exchangeable base and Al (‘effective’ CEC) was close to and higher than the magnitude of permanent charge (=σ^? measured at pH = 4.3 and at C = 0.005 m ) for one-third and two-thirds of samples, respectively. A σ^? value of 16 meq/100 g clay at pH = 7 and C = 0.01 m was found appropriate to separate the B₂ horizons of Thai Ultisols and Oxisols from those of Korean Ultisols and Alfisols. Korean Alfisols and Ultisols and Thai Ultisols were distinguished from each other on the status of exchangeable base and Al     

水土保持监督管理程序与时效图文解析

水土保持法律规范和相关行政法律规范,共同构成了水土保持监督管理法律体系,其内容庞杂,相互交叉、融合,程序复杂。通过一组网络图及其简要注释,直观地表述了水土保持监督管理工作的相关程序、时效、逻辑关系和法律依据;通过对网络图呈现的逻辑问题所反映出的法律缺陷进行分析,提出应当按照立法法的有关规定,对现行法律特别是水土保持法律法规进行必要的修改,以适应不断发展的水土保持监督管理工作需要的建议。     

我国滑坡、崩塌的区域特征、成因分析及其防御

论述了我国滑坡、崩塌的区域分布特征,滑坡和崩塌的危害程度,滑坡和崩塌类型和成因分析,并且提出了灾害的防御措施,以期达到环境保护成为社会发展过程中的一个重要组成部分。     

Study on Soil and Pine-Seedling Zn and Mn and Predicting-Model Design

Soils were collected from 2-year (2-y) and 3-year (3-y) old red-pine seedling plots in two tree nurseries, Hayward in the north and Wilson in the southwestern part of Wisconsin State respectively, and equilibrated with 0.01 M Ca(NO₃)₂ for soil solution Zn and Mn (solu-Zn and Mn), and with 0.01 M Ca(NO₃)2+0.005 M EDTA for soil adsorbed Zn and Mn (ad-Zn and Mn). Buffering capacity of soil Zn and Mn (b-Zn and Mn) was obtained from the ratio of ad-Zn and Mn to the solu-Zn and Mn. The concerned traces in pine seedling needles (ndls), stems(sts) and roots (rts) were simultaneously measured.     

城镇开发区建设中的人为水土流失及防治措施

简析了婺源县城镇开发区建设过程中造成水土流失的状况、危害、原因后,提出了其防治措施,并阐明开展城市（镇）水土保持的紧迫性。     

Sodium and potassium effects on cation concentration and yield of lucerne and phalaris grown separately and together

Abstract

Lucerne (Medicago sativa L.) and phalaris (Phalaris aquatica L.) were grown separately and together in a pot trial on a yellow‐brown pumice soil with three rates of sodium (Na) and two rates of potassium (K) in factorial combination. Lucerne alone had a low Na concentration but growing phalaris as a companion grass produced herbage with a Na concentration adequate for stock. Na application increased the Na concentration in phalaris and the mixture of phalaris and lucerne much more than in lucerne alone; had little effect on K concentration; slightly reduced Mg concentration; and greatly reduced Ca concentration but not as much in lucerne as in phalaris or the mixture with lucerne. K application increased K concentration and reduced Na, Ca and Mg concentrations throughout. Yield of phalaris grown alone and in combination with lucerne was increased significantly by Na application when K concentration in the plants was low. Yield of lucerne was not affected by Na application and it is concluded that Na did not substitute for K in this species. It is concluded that field trials are warranted to investigate the possibility of growing a special purpose mixture of lucerne and phalaris on New Zealand yellow‐brown pumice soils to provide feed that has adequate Na for grazing animals.