共查询到19条相似文献,搜索用时 390 毫秒
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我国西北地区森林资源贫乏,其木材供应问题是实施西部大开发进程中的一个重要问题。本文论述了西部地区发展农业剩余物人造板的必要性和重要意义,提出农业剩余物是替代木材的潜在资源。 相似文献
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木质包装被广泛应用在国际贸易中,但实木包装材料存在携带森林病虫害的风险。近年来,该类病虫害在国际间传播扩散的速度和频率呈现快速上升的趋势,世界上很多国家都对进境货物木质包装采取了十分严格的检验检疫制度。我国森林资源相对匮乏,近年来木材供需矛盾也越来越激烈,使得实木在包装工业中的发展受到了限制。然而,经干燥、热压等深加工工艺生产的包装用定向刨花板(OSB),因在资源、结构和检验检疫方面的优势,近年来得到迅速发展,作为一种新型包装材料,其原料优势和优异的物理力学性能引起广泛关注,具有广阔的应用前景。 相似文献
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农业剩余物人造板天地宽 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
《林业机械与木工设备》2000,(7)
麦秸、稻草、玉米秸、棉秆、花生壳、亚麻屑、向日葵秆、烟秆、豆秸等纤维素含量接近于阔叶树村,少数接近于针叶树材。用这些农作物剩余物制造出的人造板,如麦秸均质板,其各项性能指标可以接近甚至达到木质人造板的质量水平。我国天然木材缺乏,但确是一个农业大国,每年大量种植粮食和经济作物,同时也产生了极其丰富的农作物剩余物,是制造非木质人造板原料的可靠来源。我国在发展农业剩余物人造板工业方面有着得天独厚的有利条件,主要表现在以下几个方面:①国家政策鼓励和支持发展农业剩余物人造板生产。从保护森林资源、综合利用农… 相似文献
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我国是少林国家,森林覆盖率、森林蓄积量都很低,人均木材消耗量、人均人造板占有量等与世界平均水平相比差距很大。利用农业剩余物生产人造板不仅能够代替木材,保护森林资源,而且对繁荣农村经济,加快农村脱贫致富的步伐也具有重要的意义。近十余年来,我国利用农业剩余物生产人造板 相似文献
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《林业机械与木工设备》2004,(8)
武汉现代工业技术研究院采用PE、PP、PVC废旧塑料和农作物秸秆纤维等材料制造新型环保工业用包装托盘的生产技术最近开发成功,并通过了湖北省科技厅鉴定。该技术不但可以生产包装用托盘,而且可以生产多种工业用材料,如包装箱、支撑架、防潮垫仓板、建筑用模板等制品。该项产品除具有硬度高、装饰性好、防潮防腐、虫不蛀、抗静电、阻燃等优点外,其使用寿命要比一般木质包装材料长5倍以上,与新塑料制成的包装材料使用寿命相同,但成本降低50%。传统工业用托盘大多采用木材制作,需消耗大量宝贵的木材。用废旧塑料和农作物秸秆等制造新型包装… 相似文献
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小径原木是当今世界上主要的木材资源之一,各国均在积极开发利用。文内着重介绍了林业发达国家在研究小径原木的材性特征和主要产品加工工艺特点等方面所取得的成果和经验。 相似文献
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中南地区木材工业的现状与科技需求 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
概述中南地区木材工业产业体系、原料保障体系规模和产业集群模式,指出存在的主要问题.从产业发展的角度,提出了该地区木材加工行业"十二五"期间的科技需求. 相似文献
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介绍了上海本材工业改革开放20年的现状、木制品需求和原料结构,分析了实施天然林资源保护工程对它的影响,提出了有关今后发展的一些设想。 相似文献
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Dick Sandberg Mojgan Vasiri Johann Trischler Micael Öhman 《Scandinavian Journal of Forest Research》2014,29(4):352-359
The forest and forest products form one of the most important basis for the transfer to a bio-based economy in Sweden. About 75% of the area covered by forest in Sweden is used industrially to produce raw material for the wood-refining industries. Every year, this cluster uses 75 million m3 of roundwood and has an export value of €12 billion. This review paper is devoted to the wood mechanical industry, i.e. the industry which turns the forest into sawn timber, packaging, construction wood, furniture and interior fittings. The sawmills consume about half of the volume of softwood which is felled, and about two-thirds of the sawn timber go to export without any further refining within the country. Nevertheless, in spite of the relatively low degree of refinement in the sawmill and the fact that the sawmills in general over time have a very low profitability, they are responsible for 70–80% of the forest owners' profits on the sale of timber. An increased upgrading of the sawn timber within the country is desirable from a national economic viewpoint – increased employment opportunities, increased export income, etc. It should then in the first place be for products with a higher added value, such as furniture and fittings. Today, the refinement value is 15–20 times higher for products from joinery and furniture industries compared to that of the sawn timber, and the added value of the wood within the building industry is only about 1.5 times. 相似文献
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我国制浆造纸木材纤维原料的现状及发展对策 总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5
我国制浆造纸植物纤维原料的基本特点是原料不足,草类原料多,木材原料少.木材供应的严重不足迫使我国造纸业长期以草浆作为主要的造纸原料,造成了目前我国造纸业的落后和被动局面.文中分析了我国制浆造纸木材纤维原料不足的现状,总结了需要迫切解决的一些问题,根据我国林业资源的情况,结合国际造纸工业的经验和发展趋势以及造纸业的经济规律要求,提出了解决我国制浆造纸木材纤维原料不足的主要途径,对未来我国林业和纸业共同繁荣的发展对策进行了初步探讨. 相似文献
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化学转化木材为热塑性材料 总被引:11,自引:1,他引:11
木材是不溶不熔的材料。近年来研究发现通过适当的化学改性反应特别是经典的纤维素酯化和醚化反应对木材进行化学改性,可使木材转化为可溶可熔的新型热塑性高分子材料。这些热塑性木材可单独或与合成高聚物共混热压加工成型为各种形状的类塑料产品,或利用其热熔性制造自粘合型纤维板、微粒板或木板材。这些新发现为扩大木材的加工方法、劣废木材资源更有效的综合利用及提高木材的应用价值开辟了全新的途径,故已成为近10多年来木材综合利用新技术研究开发的热点之一。本文综述了该领域的研究开发现状。 相似文献
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H. O. Fleischer 《Wood Science and Technology》1971,5(4):247-254
Summary Wood has continued to serve from the earliest days of history as an efficient and economical material for construction and for industry; so much so, in fact, that it has remained competitive even though research and technological improvements have been at a very low level. This is evident from the low efficiency being attained in the harvesting, processing, and use of forest products. Technological advances attainable through research and the implementation of its results can potentially add 3.1 billion cubic feet per year to the yield of products to be obtained from the present United States volume of forest products of about 12-/12 billion cubic feet annually. Such more complete use of our timber resources will aid greatly, and in fact is essential to meeting future needs for forest products. Many qualitative improvements are also attainable through research, to produce stronger, more durable, and more serviceable products. In competition with other materials of industry, that are not renewable and that are produced at a very high cost to society in terms of energy consumed and environmental degradation caused by their recovery and processing, wood is likely to assume a more prominent role in the future.The paper was presented to the 3rd Plenary Meeting of the International Academy of Wood Science, March 10–12, 1971, at Raleigh, N. C.Maintained at Madison, Wis., in cooperation with the University of Wisconsin. 相似文献