乌珠穆沁草原饲养黑安格斯牛肌肉氨基酸组成及营养价值分析

试验旨在分析乌珠穆沁草原饲养的黑安格斯牛肌肉氨基酸组成及其营养价值,为该品种的饲养、杂交繁育及肉品质评价提供基础数据。采集7头体重为500 kg±38 kg黑安格斯肉牛的里脊、臀肉、肩肉、眼肉、上脑、胸肉和米龙等部位肉样,测定其氨基酸含量与组成,并用FAO/WHO氨基酸模式进行营养价值分析。结果显示样品中水分平均含量68.73%,低于国家标准;粗脂肪平均含量为30.56%。并检测出17种氨基酸,鲜味、甜味和苦味氨基酸含量丰富,其与总氨基酸(TAA)含量的比值分别为25.8%、32.7%和41.6%。必需氨基酸(EAA)含量、EAA/TAA、EAA/NEAA及EAA评分均超过FAO/WHO氨基酸模式。在所有测定样品中,眼肉、里脊和上脑氨基酸含量较高,氨基酸组成丰富。综上所述,乌珠穆沁草原饲养的黑安格斯牛肉氨基酸组成丰富,含量较高,能够满足人体营养需要,属于优质蛋白质。     

内蒙古寒冷草原繁育的黑安格斯牛肌肉中氨基酸分析

实验旨在分析在内蒙古寒冷草原条件下繁育的澳大利亚纯种黑安格斯牛肌肉中氨基酸含量及其分布特点,为评价该牛肉品质提供基础数据。采集平均体重(706±26 kg)、21月龄的7头黑安格斯肉牛的里脊、三角牛腩、上脑、脖肉、肩肉、后腱、前腱、胸肉、牛腩膜、米龙和外脊共11个部位试样,测定其氨基酸的组成与含量,并分析牛各部位中的分布规律。利用联合国粮农世界卫生组织(FAO/WHO)提出的氨基酸模式进行营养价值评价。结果显示:不同部位中水分、粗蛋白质和粗脂肪平均含量分别达64.72%、24.66%和12.43%;里脊和外脊分别以必需氨基酸和非必需氨基酸含量为最高,分别达43.22%和61.39%;里脊、外脊和三角牛腩分别以苦味、甜味和鲜味氨基酸含量为最高,分别达41.12%、36.92%和27.76%;3种呈味氨基酸在各部位样品中均有分布,且在脂肪沉积多的部位中呈高分布的趋势;必需氨基酸/总氨基酸、必需氨基酸/非必需氨基酸平均值分别为0.42和0.71,均高于理想蛋白质模式;各部位必需呈味氨基酸评分中,除苦味氨基酸中蛋氨酸+半胱氨酸外,其他必需呈味氨基酸评分均高于FAO/WHO氨基酸评分标准,其中赖氨酸含量最高,为标准评分模式的2倍。内蒙古寒冷草原繁育的黑安格斯牛肌肉中必需氨基酸含量丰富,苦味氨基酸含量高于甜味和鲜味氨基酸,在各部位分布状况良好。     

蜀宣花牛无角新类群胴体不同部位肌内脂肪酸组成成分分析及结构研究

为明确蜀宣花牛无角新类群胴体不同部位肌内脂肪酸组分和结构情况,选择10头体重为324.79 kg±43.51 kg的7～8月龄健康无角公犊牛作为试验动物开展育肥试验,试验期300 d,屠宰后45 min内采集里脊、外脊、眼肉、上脑、辣椒条、米龙、大黄瓜条、小黄瓜条、臀肉、牛霖、胸肉、腹肉和腱子肉共13个部位的组织样本,...     

秦川肉牛新品系公牛肉用性能研究

 选取发育正常、健康无病、经标准化育肥、年龄为24月龄的秦川肉牛新品系公牛5头进行屠宰及胴体分割,测定屠宰率、净肉率、胴体产肉率、肉骨比等产肉性能指标,并对里脊、西冷、眼肉、上脑、臀肉、胸肉、黄瓜条、牛腩、肋条肉、牛前10个部位取样进行水分、粗灰分、粗蛋白、粗脂肪、剪切力、失水率、系水力和熟肉率8项指标的测定。结果表明,秦川肉牛新品系公牛日增重、屠宰率、产肉率、胴体产肉率、肉骨比等生产性能较传统秦川牛均有较大幅度提高,经过标准化育肥,24月龄时已具备良好的肉用生产性能,达到国际优质肉牛品种标准;秦川肉牛新品系公牛胴体不同部位间肉品质差别较大,通过对其10个部位牛肉品质评定,西冷、上脑、里脊、眼肉为高档肉,肋条肉、臀肉、黄瓜条为中档肉,牛腩、胸肉、牛前为低档肉。     

阉牛不同部位肉品质比较

试验旨在分析阉牛不同部位肉品质。试验屠宰6头年龄、体重相近的阉牛，分别采集上脑、眼肉、外脊、里脊、大黄瓜条、胸肉、冈下肌肉样，测定营养指标、理化特性与氨基酸组成。结果显示，上脑脂肪（EE）含量最高，冈下肌次之，大黄瓜条最低；上脑蛋白质含量（CP）极显著低于其他部位（P<0.01）。冈下肌pH45 min值最高，大黄瓜条最低。大黄瓜条熟肉率均显著低于其他部位（P<0.05）。上脑亮度（L*值）均显著高于其他部位（P<0.05），冈下肌、上脑红度（a*值）均显著高于外脊、眼肉（P<0.05）。冈下肌必需氨基酸（EAA）含量均显著低于里脊（P<0.05）；冈下肌的EAA含量极显著低于眼肉（P<0.01）。里脊的必需氨基酸/总氨基酸（EAA/TAA）、必需氨基酸/非必需氨基酸（EAA/NEAA）极显著高于冈下肌（P<0.01），显著高于胸肉（P<0.05）。7个部位呈味氨基酸间存在显著差异（P<0.05）；除缬氨酸（Val）、蛋氨酸+胱氨酸（Met+Cys）外，其他必需氨基酸评分均超出FAO/WHO标准；眼肉Val评分、异亮氨酸（Ile）评...     

西藏苏格绵羊不同部位肉品质特征与主要营养成分分析

为了研究西藏苏格绵羊不同部位肉品质特征与主要营养成分,试验选择成年苏格绵羊羯羊10只,屠宰后分别取后腿米龙、前腿牡蛎、背最长肌进行品质特征及主要营养成分分析。结果表明:苏格绵羊后腿米龙总氨基酸含量最高;背最长肌色泽最佳,剪切力值最低且弹性、黏聚性最高,咀嚼性最低,必需氨基酸/总氨基酸(EAA/TAA)为48.26%,EAA/非必需氨基酸(NEAA)为74.89%,超出了FAO/WHO模式标准,总脂肪酸、饱和脂肪酸、不饱和脂肪酸含量最高。说明苏格绵羊不同部位肉品质特征及主要营养成分含量存在差异,其中背最长肌的品质最佳,营养价值最高。     

不同粗饲料处理对秦川肉牛产肉性能影响的研究

[方法]为研究不同粗饲料处理对秦川肉牛新品系产肉性能的影响.[目的]选取20头14月龄体重无显著性差异的秦川肉牛新品系公牛,随机分为4组,每组5头,按饲喂粗饲料种类分为:苜蓿组(A组:苜蓿+青贮+精料)、桑叶组(B组:桑叶+青贮+精)、麦草组(C组:麦草+青贮+精料)、对照组(D组:青贮+精料).整个试验分为三个阶段,育肥前期1～60 d、中期61～120 d、后期121～180 d.试验结束后,进行屠宰及胴体分割,测定宰前活重、胴体重、净肉重以及骨重.计算出屠宰率、净肉率、胴体产肉率、肉骨比等产肉性能指标,并对牛柳、西冷、眼肉、上脑、牛腱、米龙、膝圆、臀肉、胸肉、黄瓜条、牛腩、牛前、牛前柳13个部位进行称量.[结果]表明:苜蓿和桑叶作为优质干草对于提高秦川肉牛的产肉性能效果比较明显,而桑叶效果更好.桑叶可以明显地提高眼肉和米龙的产量,而苜蓿对于高档牛肉产量的提高比较明显.[结论]在肉牛育肥过程中,适量的加入苜蓿或者桑叶可以提高秦川肉牛产肉性能以及高档牛肉的产量.     

去势对西门塔尔牛不同部位牛肉品质的影响

试验旨在研究去势对西门塔尔牛胴体不同部位牛肉品质的影响。试验选取50头健康、16月龄的西门塔尔公牛,经药物驱虫后,依据体重进行单因素配对试验设计。结果显示,未去势组的pH为辣椒条 >腹肉 >臀肉 >外脊 >米龙,辣椒条的pH比外脊和米龙高3.88%和5.35%(P<0.01),比臀肉高2.29%(P<0.05);腹肉和臀肉的pH分别比米龙高3.30%和2.99%,差异极显著(P<0.01);去势组的pH为腹肉 >辣椒条 >外脊 >臀肉 >米龙,腹肉的pH比米龙高4.33%(P<0.01),比臀肉高2.36%(P<0.05);辣椒条的pH比米龙高3.37%,差异显著(P<0.05)。未去势组的脂肪含量为腹肉 >外脊 >臀肉 >辣椒条 >米龙,各部位间的脂肪含量差异均不显著(P>0.05);去势组的脂肪含量为腹肉 >臀肉 >外脊 >辣椒条 >米龙,腹肉的脂肪含量比外脊、辣椒条和米龙高82.81%、132.59%和196.02%,差异显著(P<0.05)。未去势组的灰分含量为米龙>外脊 >臀肉 >腹肉 >辣椒条,米龙的灰分含量比辣椒条高21.90%,差异显著(P<0.05);去势组的灰分含量为辣椒条≥外脊 >米龙 >臀肉 >腹肉,辣椒条和外脊的灰分含量分别比腹肉高30.60%和30.60%,差异极显著(P<0.01)。去势组和未去势组胴体各部位的剪切力、蒸煮损失、蛋白质含量、失水率、肌红蛋白和干物质含量的组内统计差异相似。结果表明去势对胴体各部位的脂肪沉积能力有调节作用,对除米龙外其他部位pH有影响,对胴体各部位灰分含量有影响;去势对胴体各部位的剪切力、蒸煮损失、蛋白质含量、持水性、肉色和干物质含量的影响无明显差异。     

贵州关岭黄牛不同部位肌肉中营养成分含量及品质分析

为了探究贵州关岭黄牛不同部位肌肉的营养成分和氨基酸含量差异，试验选取20头24～28月龄贵州关岭黄牛为试验对象，屠宰后采集眼肌肉、上脑、牛腩、脊肋排、里脊、臀肉测定pH值、滴水损失率、剪切力、肉色[亮度(L^*)值、红色(a^*)值、黄色(b^*)值]及水分、脂肪、蛋白质含量和氨基酸组成。结果表明：关岭黄牛肉样pH值均小于7,呈酸性；滴水损失率大小表现为臀肉>上脑>眼肌肉>牛腩>里脊>脊肋排；臀肉剪切力显著高于其他部位(P<0.05),上脑剪切力最低；牛腩的L^*值、a^*值和b^*值最优；眼肌肉、上脑、臀肉中水分含量差异不显著(P>0.05),但显著高于牛腩、脊肋排和里脊(P<0.05);臀肉中蛋白质含量显著高于其他部位(P<0.05),脂肪含量显著低于其他部位(P<0.05);脊肋排中蛋白质含量相对较低、脂肪含量相对较高；各部位共检出16种氨基酸，其中必需氨基酸7种；谷氨酸含量最高，赖氨酸、天冬氨酸、精氨...     

全舍饲条件下安格斯肉牛生长性能及血液生化指标的比较研究

[目的]验通过研究引种黑安格斯、红安格斯母牛生长性能和血液生化指标的变化,明确引种安格斯肉牛在石河子地区的健康状况和适应情况,选择更适合本区气候的肉牛品种,进而为品种引进和当地肉牛品种改良提供理论依据。[方法]试验从1000头澳大利亚引进的纯种安格斯母牛中挑选出15月龄左右、体况良好、体重相近的100头(黑、红各半),进行为期3个月的舍饲后,对其生长性能及血清生化指标进行测定和统计分析。[结果]表明在石河子地区全舍饲管理下,黑安格斯母牛的体高、体斜长、胸围、胸深、胸宽和体重与红安格斯母牛相比差异极显著(P0.01),十字部高差异显著(0.01P0.05);两种引进牛血清中TP、ALB含量差异显著(0.01P0.05);血清中BUN、GLU、TG、LDL-C、HDLC、LDL-C差异不显著(P0.05);[结论]综上所述,澳大利亚黑安格斯、红安格斯母牛均能适应石河子地区全舍饲的饲养管理模式,且黑色安格斯母牛表现出更好的适应性。     

Analysis of Intramuscular Fatty Acids Composition of Black Angus Beef Raised in Ujinmqin Grassland

Intramuscular fatty acids content and composition of Australian imported Black Angus beef raised in Ujinmqin grassland were analysised in this experiment to provide basic data for future breeding,crossbreeding,and meat quality evaluation.Target samples were taken of tenderloin,nates,shoulder clod,ribloin,highrib,brisket and topside from seven Black Angus beef which were Australian imported and raised in Ujinmqin grassland,with mean weights of (500±38)kg.The high efficient fatty acids extraction method and gas chromatograph (GC) were used to determine the content and composition of intramuscular fatty acids.Then the resuls were compared with FAO/WHO recommended values.The results showed that,the SFA content in target samples of Black Angus beef followed from high to low as:tenderloin,highrib,ribloin,shoulder clod,brisket,nates,topside.Moreover,majorities of intramuscular fatty acids composition were palmitic acid and stearic acid.The most highest content in MUFA was oleic acid;large amount of linoleic acid and linolenic acid were found in PUFA;The highest ratio of P/S and M/S were shown in nates,and the ratio of n-3/n-6 was 0.85.It was concluded that the meat of Australian imported Black Angus beef raised in Ujinmqin grassland had good flavor and high nutritive value.     

Amino Acids Composition and Nutrient Value Analysis of Muscle in Black Angus Raised in Ujinmqin grassland

This experiment was aimed to analyze the amino acids composition and nutrient value of Black Angus raised in Ujinmqin grassland and provide basic data for feeding,cross breeding,and meat quality evaluation.Highrib,tenderloin,ribeye,nates meat,topside,shoulder clod and brisket samples were collected from seven Australian imported Black Angus raised in Ujinmqin grassland with 500 kg?38 kg body weight.The content and composition of amino acids were determined and then nutritent value were analyzed using FAO/WHO amino acids pattern.The results showed that the moisture and crude fat of samples were 68.73% and 30.56%.There were total 17 kinds of amino acids were determined in the samples and UAA,SAA and BAA were abundant.The ratios of these three abundant amino acids to total amino acid (TAA) were 25.8%,32.7% and 41.6%,respectively.The EAA content,EAA/TAA,EAA/NEAA and the EAA scores were all higher than FAO/WHO amino acids pattern.The amino acids content of ribeye,tenderloin and highrib were higher than that of other parts of muscle.In conclusion,the meat of Black Angus raised in Ujinmqin grassland had abundant composition and high content of amino acids,which were able to provide enough nutrient elements for human beings.     

中草药饲料添加剂对延边黄牛肉品质与风味物质的影响

【目的】试验旨在研究中草药饲料添加剂对延边黄牛不同部位牛肉营养成分、重金属及抗生素残留、风味物质含量的影响。【方法】选用100头健康且体重相近的27月龄延边黄牛,随机分为2组,每组50头。对照组饲喂基础饲粮,试验组在基础饲粮中添加0.2%中草药饲料添加剂。预试期10 d,正试期90 d。试验结束后,每组随机选择10头牛进行屠宰,取胸肉、眼肉、西冷、上脑和里脊5个部位肌肉样,测定牛肉中常规营养成分、剪切力、肉色、氨基酸、脂肪酸、重金属、抗生素、风味物质等指标。【结果】与对照组相比,饲粮中添加中草药饲料添加剂对牛肉常规营养成分粗蛋白质、粗脂肪、粗纤维、钙和磷含量均无显著影响(P>0.05),可以增加牛肉中总氨基酸含量及鲜味氨基酸、甜味氨基酸和苦味氨基酸的总含量,并提高牛肉中棕榈油酸和亚麻酸含量,但差异均不显著(P>0.05);试验组延边黄牛胸肉剪切力显著降低(P<0.05),眼肉和里脊部位的红度值显著提高(P<0.05),西冷、眼肉和胸肉中氮氧化合物和无机硫化物类等芳香化合物的含量均显著降低(P<0.05)。试验组与对照组牛肉中均未检测到重金属和抗生素残留。【...     

Breed effects on growth performance, carcass characteristics, fatty acid composition, and palatability attributes in finishing steers

Crossbred steers (n = 136) were used to assess breed differences in growth performance, carcass characteristics, fatty acid composition (total lipids and phospholipids), and palatability attributes of longissimus muscle. A multiple regression model was applied to crossbreeding data to estimate genetic differences between Simmental and Red Angus at the same level of backfat finish (10 mm). Simmental spent 71 more (P < 0.001) days on feed to acquire the same degree of backfat thickness as Red Angus, had heavier (P < 0.001) slaughter weights, larger (P = 0.002) longissimus muscle area, and increased (P = 0.023) lean yield. Average daily gain did not differ (P = 0.297) between breeds. Simmental were less (P = 0.012) efficient in converting feed to gain than Red Angus. Generally, there were few breed differences in palatability attributes for longissimus and semitendinosus muscles, with the exception of increased (P < 0.05) beef flavor scores for Simmental beef vs Red Angus beef across both muscles. For total lipids, concentrations of myristoleic acid (14:1), palmitoleic acid (16:1), and vaccenic acid (18:1n-7), along with n-6 to n-3 fatty acid (n-6:n-3) ratio, were greater (P < 0.05) in Simmental than Red Angus. In contrast, concentrations of margaric acid (17:0), eicosapentaenoic acid (20:5n-3), and total n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (n-3 PUFA) were greater (P < 0.05) in Red Angus than Simmental. For phospholipids, Simmental had lower (P < 0.05) amounts of 20:5n-3, docosahexaenoic acid (22:6n-3), and n-3 PUFA, with a greater (P = 0.017) n-6:n-3 ratio. Activity of delta9-desaturase enzyme in the conversion of palmitic acid (16:0) to 16:1 was greater (P = 0.001) in total lipids from Simmental as compared with Red Angus. A genetic basis for fatty acid differences is suggested, although the biological and practical significance needs to be demonstrated.     

日粮中脂肪酸对羊牛猪肉中长链多不饱和脂肪酸和共轭亚油酸的影响

随着消费者健康意识的提高,越来越多的研究关注提高家养动物肉产品中多不饱和脂肪酸(PUFA)含量,尤其是n-3长链脂肪酸和共轭亚油酸(CLA)在羊、牛、猪肉肌内脂中的含量。研究结果表明通过添加鱼油或鱼粉能提高动物肉中n-3长链脂肪酸含量。富含亚麻油酸(LNA)的日粮能提高肉中LNA、二十碳五烯酸(EPA)和二十二碳五烯酸(DPA)水平,但大部分对肌肉中二十二碳六烯酸(DHA)水平没有影响。然而,在日粮中添加鱼油或鱼粉大部分能提高动物肌肉中DHA含量。大部分研究中提高n-3脂肪酸含量的同时n-6脂肪酸含量下降,这主要归因于试验组日粮中n-6脂肪酸降低。这样刚好可以使肉中两者比例更合理,但对多不饱和脂肪酸与饱和脂肪酸比例没什么影响。饲喂反刍动物富含n-3脂肪酸日粮(亚麻籽或加草料)、鱼油或富含LA的浓缩料可提高肌肉中c9t11CLA含量。牛肉、羊肉中c9t11CLA在总脂中含量介于0.2~1.0 g/100 g,不随营养因素提高到更高。相对应的,在单胃动物日粮中添加混合CLA油则显著提高CLA含量。     

Effect of fish meal supplementation on plasma and endometrial fatty acid composition in nonlactating beef cows

Seven nonlactating mature Angus cows (4 to 10 yr old) were used to examine the effects of fish meal supplementation on plasma and endometrial fatty acid composition. Cows were fed a corn silage-based diet supplemented with either fish meal, a rich source of the n-3 fatty acids, eicosapentaenoate and docosahexaenoate (n = 3; 5.1% of dietary DM), or corn gluten meal (n = 4; 8.5% of dietary DM) for approximately 64 d. Cows were given 25 mg of PGF2alpha (i.m.) on d 11 and 25 of supplementation to synchronize estrous cycles. On d 18 postestrus of the second estrous cycle, cows were slaughtered, and caruncular endometrium was dissected from uteri immediately after slaughter. Jugular blood samples were collected immediately before supplementation was initiated (d 0) and at 7-d intervals for 35 d of the study. Plasma eicosapentaenoic and docosahexaenoic acids did not differ between treatment groups on d 0 (P > 0.10); however, these fatty acids were greater in cows supplemented with fish meal over the first 35 d of supplementation compared with cows supplemented with corn gluten meal (P < 0.05). Endometrial docosahexaenoic acid did not differ (P = 0.12), whereas eicosapentaenoic acid was greater (P < 0.05) in cows supplemented with fish meal than in cows supplemented with corn gluten meal. These results indicate that dietary fish meal alters plasma and endometrial n-3 fatty acid composition in beef cows.     

Effects of conventional and grass-feeding systems on the nutrient composition of beef

The objectives of this study were to determine the nutrient composition of grass-fed beef in the United States for inclusion in the USDA National Nutrient Database for Standard Reference, and to compare the fatty acid composition of grass-fed and conventionally fed (control) beef. Ground beef (GB) and strip steaks (SS) were collected on 3 separate occasions from 15 grass-fed beef producers that represented 13 different states, whereas control beef samples were collected from 3 regions (Ohio, South Dakota, and Texas) of the United States on 3 separate occasions. Concentrations of minerals, choline, vitamin B(12), and thiamine were determined for grass-fed beef samples. Grass-fed GB samples had less Mg, P, and K (P < 0.05), and more Na, Zn, and vitamin B(12) (P < 0.05) than SS samples. Fat color, marbling, and pH were assessed for grass-fed and control SS. Subjective evaluation of the SS indicated that grass-fed beef had fat that was more yellow in color than control beef. Percentages of total fat, total cholesterol, and fatty acids along with trans fatty acids and CLA were determined for grass-fed and control SS and GB. Grass-fed SS had less total fat than control SS (P = 0.001), but both grass-fed and control SS were considered lean, because their total fat content was 4.3% or less. For both GB and SS, grass-fed beef had significantly less (P = 0.001 and P = 0.023, respectively) content of MUFA and a greater content of SFA, n-3 fatty acids, CLA, and trans-vaccenic acid than did the control samples. Concentrations of PUFA, trans fatty acids, n-6 fatty acids, and cholesterol did not differ between grass-fed and control ground beef. Trans-vaccenic acid (trans-11 18:1) made up the greatest concentration of the total trans fats in grass-fed beef, whereas CLA accounted for approximately 15% of the total trans fats. Although the fatty acid composition of grass-fed and conventionally fed beef was different, conclusions on the possible effects of these differences on human health cannot be made without further investigation.     

Search for an index for the taste of Japanese Black cattle beef by panel testing and chemical composition analysis

To search for an index for chemical composition related to superior taste in Japanese Black beef, we conducted panel tests and analyzed the chemical composition of seven beef brands. Thirty‐five sirloin beefs from five heifers were used in this study, sold under seven beef brands graded as more than A4 on the Japanese Meat Grade scale. The chemical composition analyses assessed both raw and roasted meat, the latter of which was roasted under the same conditions as those used for the panel test. Results of the panel test and chemical composition analyses revealed that fatty acid composition, sugar content, adenosine triphosphage (ATP)‐related compounds, amino acid composition and odor composition in the sirloin meat differed among beef brands. Furthermore, the correlations of chemical compositions between roasted and raw meat were significantly high. Sugar content and ATP‐related compounds in roasted meat were significantly correlated with the item ‘overall evaluation’ of the panel test. ATP‐related compounds, such as inosinic acid, carnosine and taurine, in roasted and raw meat were correlated significantly with the item ‘umami intensity’ of the panel test. These results suggest that the composition of these components is important for an index related to the overall evaluation of beef.     

三种杂交牛产肉性能研究

试验旨在研究相同营养水平日粮对不同杂交肉牛生产性能及肉品质的影响.以10月龄10头西杂、10头夏杂、6头安杂牛为试验材料,以美国NRC肉用小公牛营养需要为饲养标准,进行255 d强度育肥试验,试验后进行屠宰及肉质分析.测定三种杂交牛的日增重、胴体重、屠宰率、牛肉脂肪酸、粗蛋白质、氨基酸等含量,并进行差异比较.结果发现各分析指标在各组间虽有差异,但均未达显著水平,综合分析后认为安格斯杂交牛的育肥效果最好,其次是西门塔尔杂交牛,最后是夏洛来杂交牛.