花鲈对常用饲料原料中氨基酸和磷的利用率研究

试验以Cr2 O3为指示物 ,以 70 %基础饲料和 30 %的待测饲料原料组成试验饲料 ,在室内流水养殖系统中 ,采用虹吸法收集粪便 ,测定了花鲈对红鱼粉、豆粕、花生粕、菜籽粕、肉骨粉和棉籽粕中蛋白质、氨基酸的表观消化率和磷的利用率。在水温 2 5± 1℃的试验条件下 ,花鲈对鱼粉、豆粕、花生粕和菜籽粕的蛋白质的表观消化率都在 80 %以上。花鲈对原料氨基酸表观消化率的变化与对蛋白质表观消化率的变化相一致 ,除了赖氨酸、缬氨酸、蛋氨酸之外 ,对肉骨粉中表观氨基酸的消化率最低。对饼粕类原料中的含硫氨基酸 (如蛋氨酸 )的表观消化率低于其他氨基酸 ,对鱼粉中的组氨酸、对肉骨粉中的苏氨酸利用率最低。花鲈对鱼粉中磷的利用率最高为 85 5 2 % ,而对菜籽粕、肉骨粉和棉籽粕中磷的利用率很低 ,仅为 8 6 9%～ 2 4 82 %。     

团头鲂对7种饲料的蛋白质、氨基酸及磷的表观消化率

本实验以0.5%的三氧化二铬(Cr2O3)为指示剂,研究分别以鱼粉、肉骨粉、豆粕、花生粕、棉粕、酒精糟及其残液干燥物(DDGS)和菜粕作为蛋白饲料,将这7种饲料原料与基础日粮按照3:7的比例组成实验日粮,观测团头鲂(Megalalobrama amblycephala Yih)对这7种饲料的干物质、粗蛋白、氨基酸及总磷的表观消化率.实验鱼初始体质量为(296.54±1.71)g,分别投喂相应的实验饲料5周后采用自排法收集粪便.结果表明,7种饲料原料的干物质、蛋白质、总氨基酸以及总磷的表观消化率的范围分别为53.65%～77.48%、78.66%～93.63%、80.12%～94.83%、3.21%～48.02%.其中粗蛋白及总氨基酸的表观消化率均以菜粕最高;花生粕、豆粕与鱼粉相接近;肉骨粉最低.磷的表观消化率以DDGS最高,菜粕和肉骨粉最低,其他4种原料的磷的表观消化率范围为11.81%～29.10%.由此可见,菜粕、豆粕、花生粕可作为团头鲂优质的植物蛋白源,在实际生产配方中可部分替代鱼粉.DDGS蛋白消化率高于肉骨粉,且磷的表观消化率较高,也可作为一种优质的鱼用饲料原料.     

翘嘴红鲌鱼种对八种蛋白质饲料原料的消化率

本试验按照“70 %基础饲料 +30 %被测原料”的饲料配制方法 ,用三氧化二铬指标物 ,测定了翘嘴红鱼种 (体重 12 5± 1 5 g )对鱼粉、血粉、蚕蛹粉、酵母、豆粕、花生粕、菜籽粕、棉籽粕等 8种常用的饲料原料的干物质、蛋白质、粗脂肪的表观消化率。结果表明 :翘嘴红对 8种原料的干物质表观消化率和蛋白质表观消化率分别为 4 3 4 3%～ 86 90 %和 6 6 34%～ 95 18% ,对 5种原料的脂肪表观消化率为 6 6 6 9%～ 94 16 %。     

中华绒螯蟹对11种饲料原料蛋白质和氨基酸的表观消化率

以氧化钇(Y2O3)作为指示剂,按照"70%基础饲料+30%试验原料"的原则配制饲料,测定了体重(97.34±7.36) g的中华绒螯蟹对不同饲料原料蛋白质和氨基酸的表观消化率.试验选取鱼粉、血粉、肉骨粉、乌贼内脏粉、虾壳粉、啤酒酵母、豆粕、棉籽粕、菜籽粕、花生粕、玉米蛋白粉共11种商品蛋白质饲料原料.试验结果表明,中华绒螯蟹对不同饲料蛋白源的粗蛋白表观消化率为40.62%～89.75%,其中,鱼粉和血粉组的粗蛋白表观消化率分别为86.07%和89.75%,显著高于其他原料组;而菜籽粕(42.41%)和玉米蛋白粉组(40.62%)的粗蛋白消化率则明显低于其他饲料蛋白源(P＜0.05).其他蛋白源的消化率大小顺序依次为:豆粕(77.94%)＞啤酒酵母(76.90%)＞虾壳粉(74.02%)＞肉骨粉(73.78%)＞棉籽粕(71.63%)＞花生粕(65.90%)＞乌贼内脏粉(63.51%).在动物性蛋白源中,中华绒螯蟹对血粉和鱼粉的氨基酸消化率较高,二者的总氨基酸消化率均高于90%,试验结果还显示,蟹对乌贼内脏粉的氨基酸消化率最低,仅为63.51%;单细胞蛋白源啤酒酵母的总氨基酸消化率(86.77%)高于其他植物性蛋白源;在植物性蛋白源中,对棉籽粕的总氨基酸消化率最高(85.37%),其次是豆粕(79.41%).本研究结果对评价不同饲料蛋白源的营养价值,以及开发中华绒螯蟹氨基酸营养平衡的人工配合饲料提供了参考和依据.     

红鳍东方鲀对8种饲料原料的表观消化率

本研究旨在探讨红鳍东方鲀(Takifugu rubripes)幼鱼对红鱼粉、白鱼粉、豆粕、菜粕、花生粕、棉粕、玉米酒糟蛋白(DDGS)和肉骨粉中干物质、粗蛋白、粗脂肪、氨基酸、总能和总磷的表观消化率。实验饲料由70%的基础饲料和30%的待测饲料原料组成,并添加0.1%的三氧化二钇(Y2O3)作为外源添加剂,选取平均体重为37.90 g的红鳍东方鲀幼鱼,随机分成8组,每组3个重复,每个重复30尾鱼,按照不同处理分别投喂相应饲料,采用虹吸法收集粪便。结果显示,白鱼粉、红鱼粉和豆粕的干物质表观消化率分别为70.54%、69.02%和60.37%,显著高于菜粕、棉粕及DDGS(P<0.05);粗蛋白的表观消化率为50.91%~92.78%,肉骨粉粗蛋白表观消化率最低(50.91%),显著低于白鱼粉、红鱼粉、豆粕、菜粕、花生粕和DDGS(P<0.05),各待测饲料原料中总氨基酸表观消化率的变化趋势与粗蛋白的表观消化率基本一致;粗脂肪的表观消化率为70.6%~94.19%,白鱼粉粗脂肪表观消化率最高(94.19%),显著高于棉粕和肉骨粉(P<0.05);能量的表观消化率为30.58%~90.01%,白鱼粉、红鱼粉、豆粕和花生粕总能的表观消化率最高(76.26%~90.01%)(P<0.05);磷的表观消化率为9.13%~68.14%,白鱼粉和红鱼粉的总磷表观消化率最高(分别为66.98%和68.14%)(P<0.05)。白鱼粉、红鱼粉的各种营养成分的表观消化率均较佳,肉骨粉及棉粕各种营养成分的表观消化率相对较差;豆粕及花生粕的粗蛋白消化率及必需氨基酸的消化率优于其他植物蛋白,菜粕次之。     

花鱼骨 鱼种对11种蛋白质饲料原料的消化率

为获得花(鱼骨)对常用蛋白源的可消化性数据,按照"70%基础饲料+30%被测原料"的饲料配制方法,用三氧化二铬指标物,测定了花(鱼骨)鱼种对白鱼粉、褐鱼粉、四海豆粕、加佳豆粕、血粉、蚕蛹粉、啤酒酵母、菜籽粕、棉籽粕、花生粕、玉米蛋白粉等11种蛋白原料干物质和粗蛋白的表观消化率.结果表明:花(鱼骨)对11种原料的干物质和蛋白质表观消化率分别为54.84%～86.96%和69.17%～96.77%.其中自鱼粉、褐鱼粉、血粉以及豆粕、啤酒酵母等的干物质消化率较高,白鱼粉、褐鱼粉及豆粕、花生粕等的蛋白质消化率较高.     

两种水温条件下团头鲂对7种蛋白源饲料表观消化率的比较

采用由30%待测蛋白源饲料原料和70%基础饲料组成的试验饲料,以三氧化二钇(Y_2O_3)作外源指示剂,添加量为0.05%,以平均体重(34.38±1.06)g的团头鲂(Megalobrama amblycephala)幼鱼作研究对象,在30℃和25℃两种水温条件下比较研究其对鱼粉(FM)、豆粕(SBM)、菜粕(RSM)、棉粕(CSM)、酵母浸粉(YEF)、肉骨粉(MBM)和花生粕(PNM)7种蛋白源饲料原料的干物质(DM)、粗蛋白(CP)、总能(GE)、总氨基酸(TAA)及必需氨基酸(EAA)的表观消化率。结果显示:水温30℃时,酵母浸粉的干物质、总能、粗蛋白和必需氨基酸的表观消化率最高;水温25℃时,原料干物质和总能的表观消化率最高的为鱼粉,粗蛋白、必需氨基酸和总氨基酸的表观消化率最高的为豆粕。在两个水温下,原料干物质、粗蛋白、总氨基酸和必需氨基酸的表观消化率最低的均是肉骨粉,总能的表观消化率最低的是棉粕。在30℃时团头鲂对蛋白源饲料原料各营养成分的表观消化率高于25℃时,且酵母浸粉在两个水温下各营养成分的消化率差异显著(P0.05)。在30℃时,酵母浸粉的各养分表观消化率较高,但其氨基酸平衡性较差,需适量添加蛋氨酸,满足团头鲂对氨基酸的需求;在25℃时,豆粕和鱼粉各养分表观消化率较高,可作为团头鲂饲料的优质蛋白源饲料原料。肉骨粉在两个水温下均表现出最低表观消化率,需搭配其他饲料适量使用。     

单一饲料饲养草鱼的效果及其营养价值评价

用秘鲁鱼粉、大豆粕、生大豆粉、棉籽粕、芝麻粕、菜籽饼、米糠饼、米糠、小麦麸和混合麸等 10种常用饲料原料在水族箱中分别饲喂草鱼 12周 ,通过试验鱼的生长、存活、摄食率和饲料转化率及鱼体组成等的变化 ,评价了饲料原料的饲用价值 ,结果认为 :秘鲁鱼粉和大豆粕是草鱼饲料良好的动植物蛋白源 ,但生大豆不宜使用 ;棉、菜籽饼 (粕 )可在草鱼饲料中占主体地位 ,其中棉籽饼 (粕 )不必限量 ,菜籽饼 (粕 )在一龄草鱼种饲料的配比量应慎重 ;米糠是最好的能量饲料源 ;所有单一饲料都不宜长期单独饲喂。     

单一饲料养草鱼的效果及其营养价值评价

用秘鱼鱼粉、大豆粕、生大豆粉、棉籽粕、芝麻粕、菜籽饼、米糠饼、米糠、小麦麸和混合等１０种常用饲料原烊水族箱中分别饲喂草鱼１２周,通过试验鱼的生长、存活、摄食率一饲料转化率及鱼体组成等的变化,评价了饲料原料的饲用价值,结果认为：秘鲁鱼粉和大豆粕是草鱼饲料良好的动植物蛋原,但生大豆不宜使用;棉、菜籽饼（粕）可在草鱼饲料中占主体地位,其中棉籽饼（粕）不必限量,菜籽饼（粕）在一龄草鱼种饲料的配比量应慎重;     

中华绒螫蟹对11种饲料原料蛋白质和氨基酸的表观消化率

以氧化钇（Y2O3）作为指示剂，按照“70％基础饲料＋30％试验原料”的原则配制饲料，测定了体重（97．34±7．36）g的中华绒螯蟹对不同饲料原料蛋白质和氨基酸的表观消化率。试验选取鱼粉、血粉、肉骨粉、乌贼内脏粉、虾壳粉、啤酒酵母、豆粕、棉籽粕、菜籽粕、花生粕、玉米蛋白粉共11种商品蛋白质饲料原料。试验结果表明，中华绒螯蟹对不同饲料蛋白源的粗蛋白表观消化率为40．62％～89．75％，其中，鱼粉和血粉组的粗蛋白表观消化率分别为86．07％和89．75％，显著高于其他原料组；而菜籽粕（42．41％）和玉米蛋白粉组（40．62％）的粗蛋白消化率则明显低于其他饲料蛋白源（P〈0．05）。其他蛋白源的消化率大小顺序依次为：豆粕（77．94％）〉啤酒酵母（76．90％）〉虾壳粉（74．02％）〉肉骨粉（73．78％）〉棉籽粕（71．63％）〉花生粕（65．90％）〉乌贼内脏粉（63．51％）。在动物性蛋白源中，中华绒螯蟹对血粉和鱼粉的氨基酸消化率较高，二者的总氨基酸消化率均高于90％，试验结果还显示，蟹对乌贼内脏粉的氨基酸消化率最低，仅为63．51％；单细胞蛋白源啤酒酵母的总氨基酸消化率（86．77％）高于其他植物性蛋白源；在植物性蛋白源中，对棉籽粕的总氨基酸消化率最高（85．37％），其次是豆粕（79．41％）。本研究结果对评价不同饲料蛋白源的营养价值，以及开发中华绒螯蟹氨基酸营养平衡的人工配合饲料提供了参考和依据。     

Apparent digestibility coefficients of selected protein feed ingredients for loach Misgurnus anguillicaudatus

Apparent digestibility coefficients of dry matter, crude protein, lipid and energy, and amino acids availability in white fish meal, brown fish meal, meat meal, fermented soybean meal, soybean meal and rapeseed meal were determined for loach (Misgurnus anguillicaudatus) (12.05 ± 0.21 g), using a reference diet with 5 g kg^?1 chromic oxide and test diets that contained 700 g kg^?1 reference diet, by weight, and 300 g kg^?1 of the test feed ingredients. The juvenile loach was held in 300‐l tanks at a density of 30 fish per tank. White fish meal, brown fish meal, meat meal and fermented soybean meal had highest apparent digestibility coefficients (ADCs) of dry matter, crude protein and gross energy among ingredients tested, ranged from 50.4% to 60.9% for dry matter, from 64.6% to 88.4% for crude protein and from 57.9% to 79.0% for gross energy. The apparent digestibility coefficients of dry matter ranged from 61.0% to 66.9% for animal products and 50.4% to 60.7% for plant products. For crude protein, apparent digestibility coefficients of protein exceeding 80% were observed for white fish meal, brown fish meal, meat meal and fermented soybean meal, and the apparent digestibility coefficients of protein in rapeseed meal were the lowest among all the treatments. Lipids from both animal and plant feedstuffs were poorly digested by loach, ranging from 64.0% to 77.6%. The apparent digestibility coefficients of energy were similar to those of dry matter and protein, and the highest and lowest ADCs of energy were found in WFM and RM, respectively. The loach used dietary phosphorus from the animal feedstuffs more efficiently than from plant feedstuffs (soybean meal and rapeseed meal), with ADC‐values ranging from 42.3% to 53.1% and from 25.1% to 32.7%, respectively. For the animal products, the availabilities of amino acids in white fish meal and brown fish meal were higher than that in meat meal, expect for Met, Asp, Pro, Gly, and Cys. Among all the plant products, the availabilities of amino acids in fermented soybean meal were higher than in soybean meal and rapeseed meal, and thus had a greater potential to be used as a dietary replacement of fish meal in loach diets.     

Apparent digestibility coefficients of selected feed ingredients for juvenile snakehead,Ophiocephalus argus

Apparent digestibility coefficients (ADCs) of dry matter, crude protein, crude lipid, gross energy, phosphorus and amino acids in Peruvian fish meal, poultry by‐product meal, meat and bone meal, spray‐dried blood meal, hydrolysed feather meal, corn gluten meal, soybean meal, peanut meal, cottonseed meal and rapeseed meal were determined for juvenile snakehead (Ophiocephalus argus) with initial mean body weight of 78.1 g. A reference diet and test diets that consisted of a 70 : 30 mixture of the reference diet to test ingredient were used with 5 g kg^?1 Cr₂O₃ as an external indicator. Fish meal, poultry by‐product meal and corn gluten meal had higher ADCs of dry matter, crude protein, and gross energy among ingredients tested. Dry matter ADCs ranged 61.9–81.5% for animal ingredients and corn gluten meal and ranged 52.2–68.0% for soybean meal, peanut meal, cottonseed meal and rapeseed meal. Energy ADCs of ingredients followed similar trends to differences in dry matter digestibility. Protein ADCs of animal and plant ingredients ranged 73.6–92.8% and 75.3–85.6%, respectively. Amino acid ADCs generally reflected protein digestibility. Lipid ADCs were relatively high for the ingredients tested. Phosphorus ADCs of animal and plant ingredients ranged 39.5–65.2% and 38.7–57.1%, respectively.     

十一种青鱼饲料原料营养价值的评定

测定了青鱼对秘鲁鱼粉等饲料营养成分的表观消化率,并首次测定了青鱼对饲料能量消化率。根据测定结果评价了这些饲料作为青鱼饲料原料的营养价值。     

兰州鲇对4种饲料原料的离体消化率和酶解能力

采用离体消化法,测定了离体状态下兰州鲇(Silurus lanzhouensis)(278.6±26.7)g的胃、肠道及肝胰脏对鱼粉、豆粕、菜粕和棉粕等4种饲料原料的消化率和酶解速度。结果显示:离体状态下兰州鲇消化道各部位的消化能力和酶解能力依次为前肠、中肠、肝胰脏、后肠和胃。离体状态下,胃、肠道及肝胰脏对鱼粉的干物质和粗蛋白的消化率最高,其次为豆粕、菜粕和棉粕(P<0.05);对鱼粉的酶解速度最高,其次为豆粕、菜粕和棉粕。结果表明,兰州鲇前肠和中肠消化能力较强,饲料的消化主要集中在这两个部位;在离体状态下,鱼粉的蛋白易于被各部位酶解产生氨基酸,比其他3种饲料更易被兰州鲇吸收。     

Apparent digestibility coefficients of selected feed ingredients for juvenile hybrid tilapia,Oreochromis niloticus×Oreochromis aureus

The apparent digestibility coefficients (ADCs) of dry matter, crude protein, crude lipid, gross energy, phosphorus and amino acids in local fish meal (LFM), Peruvian fish meal (PFM), poultry by‐product meal (PMM), meat and bone meal (MBM), tilapia by‐product meal (TM), fermented soybean meal (FSBM), soybean meal (SBM), peanut meal, canola meal (CM), cottonseed meal (CSM) and de‐gossypoled cottonseed meal were determined for juvenile hybrid tilapia (7.18 ± 0.2 g, mean ± SD). A reference diet (RF) and test diets (consisting of 70% RF and 30% of the feedstuff) were used with 0.5% chromic oxide as an external digestibility marker. The juvenile hybrid tilapias were stocked in 500‐L fibreglass tanks at a density of 20 fish per tank. Faeces were collected from triplicate groups of fish using a faecal collection column attached to the fish‐rearing tank. The results indicated that the ADCs of dry matter for juvenile hybrid tilapia ranged 71.88–89.53% for animal products and 65.89–79.98% for plant products. For crude protein, apparent digestibility coefficients of protein (ADCp) exceeding 90% were observed for FSBM, SBM and PFM, and ADCp of MBM was the lowest among all the treatments. Apparent digestibility coefficients of lipid in all the treatments were above 90%; the results indicate that lipids from both animal and plant sources were well digested by hybrid tilapia. The ADCs of phosphorus of animal and plant feedstuffs ranged between 58.04–74.44% and 52.65–64.23% respectively. The lowest ADC of phosphorus was observed in CSM among plant ingredients and in MBM among animal ingredients. The ADCs of energy were similar to those of dry matter and protein; the highest and lowest ADCs of energy were found in PFM and CM respectively. In general, the amino acid availability coefficients tended to reflect the ADCp among highly digestible ingredients. For the animal products, the availabilities of amino acids in PFM, LFM and PMM were generally higher than that in TM and MBM; among all the plant products, the availabilities of amino acids in FSBM and SBM were higher than in CM. These results indicated that juvenile hybrid tilapia is able to utilize different feedstuffs efficiently.     

Apparent digestibility of selected ingredients in diets for white shrimp Penaeus setiferus L.

A study was conducted to determine apparent digestibility coefficients for dry matter (ADMD), crude protein (ACPD) and gross energy (AED) of selected ingredients in diets for juvenile Penaeus setiferus . Ingredients tested were corn grain, cottonseed meal, crab meal, grain sorghum, meat and bone meal, menhaden fish meal, rice bran, rice grain, shrimp meal, soybean meal, squid liver powder, wheat flour, wheat gluten, wheat middlings and wheat shorts. ADMD coefficients of test ingredients ranged from 22% to 100% and appeared to be related to the fibre, ash and starch content of the ingredient. ACPD coefficients ranged from 58% to 100%. Plant protein supplements (soybean meal and cottonseed meal) were utilized as efficiently as, or better than, animal protein supplements (squid liver powder, menhaden fish meal, meat and bone meal, shrimp meal and crab meal). ACPD coefficients for meat and bone meal, shrimp meal and crab meal (58–59%) were significantly lower than those for menhaden fish meal (76%) and squid liver powder (82%). AED coefficients (44–100%) varied significantly among plant products of similar proximate composition. Corn grain and wheat flour were better utilized by P. setiferus than other high-starch energy supplements. Wheat gluten exhibited the highest ADMD, ACPD and AED coefficients of all ingredients tested.     

Utilization of Animal-Protein and Plant-Protein Supplements by Red Swamp Crayfish Procambarus clarkii Fed Formulated Diets1

A study was conducted to evaluate alternative protein supplements that could be used to reduce the cost of formulated crayfish diets. Red swamp crayfish Procambarus clarkii were held in the laboratory for 9 wk and fed 30% crude protein diets containing isonitrogenous mixtures of plant and animal protein in a 65:35 ratio. Combinations tested were: soybean meal/menhaden fish meal (SOY/FSH); cottonseed meal/menhaden fish meal (COT/FSH); soybean meal/meat and bone meal (SOY/MB); cottonseed mealheat and bone meal (COT/MB); soybean meal/meat and bone meal/ blood meal (SOYIMB-B); and cottonseed meal/meat and bone meal/blood meal (COTIMB-B). Comparison of crayfish weight gain, feed efficiency ratio, apparent net protein and energy retention, and body composition indicated that SOY/FSH was the best protein combination tested. Weight gain was reduced when cottonseed meal replaced soybean meal in diets that contained either fish meal or meat and bone meal. Feed consumption of crayfish fed SOY/MB-B and COT/MB-B was lower than that of crayfish fed other diets containing the same plant-protein supplement and weight gain was lower in crayfish fed blood meal in all but one case. Differences in amino acid composition and amino acid availability of protein supplements, inhibitory effects of gossypol in cottonseed meal, and reduced consumption of diets containing blood meal could have contributed to diet effects. Results suggest that soybean meal is a better dietary protein source for crayfish than cottonseed meal, menhaden fish meal is better than meat and bone meal, and both fish meal and meat and bone meal are superior to a 60:40 meat and bone meal/blood meal mixture. However, cottonseed meal, meat and bone meal, and meat and bone meal/blood meal mixtures could be useful as lower-cost alternatives to soybean meal and fish meal in diets for pond-raised crayfish, since the apparent lower protein (amino acid) quality of these ingredients would be unlikely to depress growth of crayfish that have access to natural food in ponds.     

Apparent digestibility coefficients of four feed ingredients for Synechogobius hasta

Apparent digestibility coefficients (ADCs) of dry matter, crude protein, lipid, energy, phosphorus and amino acids in white fish meal, soybean meal, rapeseed meal and peanut meal were determined for Synechogobius hasta (28.65 ± 0.43 g, mean ± SD), using a reference diet with chromic oxide indicator and test diets that contained 70% reference diet, by weight, and 30% of feed ingredients. The juvenile S. hasta were held in 300 L tanks at a density of 30 fish per tank respectively. Faeces were collected from three replicate groups of fish by siphoning. The ADCs of dry matter and energy were the highest in white fish meal and the lowest in rapeseed meal ( P <0.05). Crude protein ADC was the lowest in rapeseed meal ( P <0.05) and showed no significant differences among other treatments ( P >0.05). The highest phosphorus ADC was observed in white fish meal and differences were not marked for other treatments ( P >0.05). Lipid ADC were above 90% and showed no significant differences among the treatments ( P >0.05). Amino acid availability values for the test ingredients followed similar trend to values of protein digestibility. All amino acids were more available from fish meal than from plant protein ingredients. Among three plant meals, the availability of amino acids was higher in peanut meal and lower in rapeseed meal.     

Evaluation of Meat and Bone Meal in Practical Diets Fed to Juvenile Hybrid Striped Bass Morone chrysops×M. saxatilis

Juvenile hybrid striped bass ( Morone chrysops × M. saxatilis ) were fed one of eight diets to evaluate meat and bone meal as a source of crude protein and essential amino acids. Diets contained either 0, 15, 20, 25, 30, 35, 40 or 45% meat and bone meal substituted for an isonitrogenous amount of soybean meal and fish meal. All diets were fed for 7 wk, followed by a 2-wk digestibility trial. Mean consumption, weight gain, and feed conversion ratio were not significantly affected by addition of meat and bone meal into diets. Intraperitoneal and liver lipid concentrations were not significantly affected by meat and bone meal. Fillet proximate composition was not significantly different among treatments. Apparent crude protein, phosphorus, and amino acid availabilities were significantly lower in fish fed 45% meat and bone meal compared to fish fed 30% and lower concentrations and generally lower in fish fed greater than 30% meat and bone meal. Based on these data, it appears meat and bone meal can be used as the primary source of crude protein and essential amino acids in practical growout diets for hybrid striped bass, comprising as much as 45% of the diet. Nutrient availability values were lower in fish fed greater than 30% meat and bone meal and may restrict usage in some applications.