犬的嗅觉识别能力很强大

据国外媒体报道,法国科学家近日研究发现,犬能通过脸部识别,立即辨识出各种品种的同类。这足以说明,犬具有先天的社交本能,可以识别出潜在的伙伴。据了解,研究小组为一些犬类展示了人类和动物的照片,其中包括它们的同类,神奇的是,这些犬类动物都能够很好的将它们的同类分到一起。来自法国里昂国家兽医大学的博士多米尼     

动物中的秘闻趣事

通常情况下,人们认为动物(野生、家养)只是有生命、会行走的血肉之躯,它们没有什么情感。其实不然,最近动物科学家发现,动物不但有一定的感情,而且它们之间有许多秘闻趣事。您瞧: 【狼】狼习惯于群体生活。但狼凶残狡诈,每只狼都有统治其部落的欲望,于是权利之争在狼群中进行的非常激烈。经过反复地较量,产生出一对地位最     

缓和饲料紧缺的方法

一、加工节粮型饲料:1、向日葵渣,将向日葵花盘、秸秆、籽壳、油籽残渣等粉碎,可在猪饲料中掺入30%;2、锯末,经水解或催化处理,可喂牛、羊,成本可降低20%,3、松针叶,粉碎后可掺入饲料中可喂畜禽。二、扩种高产饲料作物:如种一亩紫花苜蓿,可生产比种小麦多6倍的蛋白质。南方则可适当扩种玉米和豆科植物。三、采用混合饲料:将动物毛、骨、皮、废料和谷糠、玉米粉、     

浅议必需微量元素在畜禽体内的作用

目前在动物及畜禽体内发现50多种微量元素。其中有15种是动物抗体必需的，它们在自然界中的含量属微量元素，在畜禽体内同其他营养物质一样，对动物体的生命活动的作用是显著而又非常重要的。     

微量元素碘对动物的营养作用

随着对生命科学研究的不断深入，人们发现众多微量元素在生命活动中发挥着极其重要的作用，它们已引起了人们的高度重视。动物体内所含元素中。含量小于0．01％的元素统称为微量元素。依据在动物体内的生物学作用，可将微量元素分为必需微量元素、可能必需微量元素与非必需微量元素。人们对微量元素的认识已有较长的过程。目前公认的必需微量元素有15种，其中碘是人们发现的动物第二种必需微量元素，虽然需要量很小，对机体的作用却是巨大的。早在公元1600年前人们对碘与甲状腺肿大的关系有了初步认识，但直到19世纪90年代人们才发现甲状腺内含有碘。并对其在动物营养中的作用进行了研究。20世纪人们对碘的代谢、生物学功能及其在畜牧生产中的应用效果进行了深入研究，并对其有了一定的了解。为了更好地在动物生产上发挥碘对动物的营养作用．现就微量元素碘对动物的营养作用综述如下。     

热应激对养猪生产的影响

应激反应是动物为了适应外界环境的变化,动员所有防御机能在克服应激时的一种本能反应,目的是保持动物正常的生长、发育和繁殖活动。夏季由于气温的升高,致使空气中的水蒸气含量、温度、湿度等发生巨大变化,会造成猪的热应激反应,不     

什么犬适用于导盲犬?

导盲犬是一种工作犬,其主要工作是代替视障人士的双眼,为他们领路。导盲犬的原理是利用动物有自我保护的本能,行走会避开障碍物,     

猪传染性胃肠炎的发生与防治

<正>猪传染性胃肠炎是一种由消化系统发生病变引起的疾病,它的主要症状为呕吐、水样腹泻和脱水等,猪感染后,会迅速消瘦,长膘速度慢。如果猪脱水情况严重,且长期得不到治疗,可能还会对它们的生命健康构成威胁。笔者将分析猪传染性胃肠炎的发生与防治措施,以求更好的解决这个问题,促进养猪业的发展壮大。1发病特点和临床表现猪传染性胃肠炎主要是针对猪这一群体发生的一种疾病,它的传染源主要是猪,但是携带病     

斗牛犬幼犬的好奇心问题

正和婴儿一样,斗牛犬幼犬对生活的环境充满了好奇心,它喜欢小心翼翼地探索,在探索过程中,它会做出很多傻事,让主人们头疼,下面和大家一起来探讨下斗牛犬幼犬的好奇心问题。当斗牛犬幼犬的感官和协调能力加强后,它们会开始探寻周围的环境和彼此间的关系。不久它们便学会怎样在周围的环境中生存和受益。它们也必须学会怎样与同胞共同生活在一起。刚开始时,一头幼犬的好奇心使它无所畏惧,它会大胆地离开犬窝,探索周围的领地,它会主动靠近其他动物,     

科学实验中动物致死方式的选择

在动物科学、动物医学或人类医学科研工作中,常常见到在实验过程或实验结束后,为节约成本等需要,会将实验动物致死,抱着对生命的敬畏,对动物选择适当的致死方式,使动物痛苦降低到最低程度,将成为每个科研人员必修的一课,这不但有利于科研结果得出正确的结论,也完全符合动物福利原则。     

癸氧喹酯干混悬剂含量测定的改进

采用高效液相色谱法测定癸氧喹酯干混悬剂的含量,在2-250μg/mL范围内,峰面积的常用对数与进样量浓度的常用对数呈良好的线性关系,R^2=1(n=5),平均回收率为99.24%~99.51%,RSD在0.05%~0.28%。此方法分析时间短,样品前处理简便、定量结果准确,重现性好,结果满意,为其质量控制提供了依据。     

商会自治的基石——商会自治规范研究

在现代法律秩序中,商会自治规范是制定法的基础和必要的补充,甚至在某些方面替代了制定法;商会自治规范主要包括商会组织规范、行为规范、惩罚规范以及争端解决规范等;其效力仅及于其内部成员;商会自治规范和制定法之间存在冲突,但也存在整合的基础。     

猪毛色遗传的研究进展

本文概述了猪的毛色类型、猪的毛色遗传模式,着重综述了猪毛色基因分子基础的研究进展,指出存在问题并就未来发展方向做了思考。     

中华人民共和国农业部公告 第267号

为贯彻落实《兽药生产质量管理规范》(简称《兽药GMP》),进一步推动兽药GMP实施进程,我部制定了《兽药生产质量管理规范检查验收办法》,现予公告。本公告自2003年6月1日起施行。附件:兽药生产质量管理规范检查验收办法二○○三年四月十日第一章 总则 第一条 为推动《兽药生产质量管理规范》(以下简称兽药GMP)的实施,规范兽药GMP检查验收工作,制定本办法。 第二条 农业部负责全国兽药GMP管理和检查验收工作;负责制修订兽药GMP检查验收管理规定;负责兽药GMP检查员队伍建设和监督管理工作,负责国际兽药贸易中GMP互认工作。 …     

鸡败血支原体垂直传播模式及其阻断方法

以国际标准强毒Ｒ株人工感染非免疫产蛋鸡,定时扑杀,分别从鼻窦、眶下孔、气管、肺、气囊、卵巢和输卵管分离ＭＧ,并收集感染鸡所产蛋分离ＭＧ。结果表明,人工感染４８小时后上、下呼吸道及肺已被全面感染,９６小时气囊已被感染,１２０小时输卵管已能分离到ＭＧ,卵巢始终分离不到ＭＧ。人工感染鸡自１４４小时便能在其所产蛋中分离出ＭＧ。药物治疗能在７２小时内消除感染,油乳剂苗则需２４天后逐渐降低蛋内ＭＧ分离率,药物卵内注射、种蛋药浴、高温处理均能杀死卵内ＭＧ,但以研制的种蛋浸泡剂药浴效果为最好。     

Comparison of 2 methods of centesis of the bursa of the biceps brachii tendon of horses

REASONS FOR PERFORMING STUDY: Centesis of the bicipital bursa using an 8.9 cm long spinal needle has been reported but the alternative of employing a 3.8 cm long hypodermic needle requires validation. OBJECTIVE: To compare the efficacy of 2 different methods of centesis of the bicipital bursa and to evaluate the usefulness of ultrasonographic imaging to determine the location of solution administered when centesis of the bursa is attempted. METHODS: For Trial 1, 6 clinicians, who had no previous experience of centesis of the bicipital bursa, attempted to inject a solution composed of an aqueous radiopaque contrast medium and physiological saline solution (PSS) into the bicipital bursae of 2/12 horses using the previously described distal approach to inject one bursa and a proximal approach to inject the contralateral bursa. The bicipital tendon and bursa were examined ultrasonographically before and after injection; and both shoulders were examined radiographically to identify the location of the medium. In Trial 2, another 6 clinicians, also with no previous experience of centesis, repeated Trial 1, using 6 horses, but the radiopaque contrast medium was mixed with air instead of PSS. RESULTS: Accuracy of centesis using the proximal approach was 39% and that of the distal approach 28%. Ultrasonographic examination of the shoulder allowed the location of solution and air to be accurately predicted in all 12 shoulders examined. CONCLUSIONS: Clinicians who have had no previous experience performing centesis of the bicipital bursa are unlikely to be successful in centesis using either approach. Radiographic examination after injecting a radiopaque contrast medium may be necessary to assess the success of centesis especially if bursal fluid is not obtained during centesis. Injecting air along with the radiopaque contrast medium provides more accurate ultrasonographic confirmation of centesis and better radiographic definition than does injection without air.     

不同样本商品蜂蜜中硒含量的测定

用硝酸和高氯酸消化蜂蜜,使硒游离出来,在微酸性环境下,硒和2,3-二氨基萘(DAN)生成有较强荧光的物质,用环己烷萃取,在激发波长378nm,荧光波长518nm处测定其荧光强度。蜂蜜中硒含量范围:0.10～0.82μg/g。表明:蜂蜜应视为天然富硒营养品。     

乳酸杆菌益生作用机制的研究进展

乳酸杆菌作为益生菌广泛用于人和动物。本文综述了乳酸杆菌改善宿主健康的机制。乳酸杆菌可通过产生抗菌物质如乳酸、过氧化氢、细菌素,或者通过竞争营养或肠道黏附位点来抑制致病菌;通过诱导黏附素的分泌或阻止细胞凋亡而增强肠道的屏障功能,从而保护肠道。文章重点讨论了乳酸杆菌表面成分（表面蛋白、脂磷壁酸和肽聚糖）与肠道受体（Ｃ型凝集素受体、Ｔｏｌｌ样受体和 Ｎｏｄ样受体）,阐述了他们结合后启动免疫调节信号,调控肠道免疫功能以发挥改善健康作用的机制。     

Effects of size of ingestively masticated fragments of plant tissues on kinetics of digestion of NDF

Ingestively masticated fragments were collected and sized via sieving. Different sizes of esophageal masticate and ruminal digesta fragments, and ground fragments of larger masticated pieces were incubated in vitro, and undigested NDF remaining at intervals of up to 168 h of incubation was determined. The ruminal age-dependent time delay (tau) for onset of digestion of NDF was positively correlated (P < 0.004) with the mean sieve aperture estimated to retain 50% of the fragments between successive sieve apertures (MRA). Degradation rate of potentially degradable NDF (PDF) and level of indigestible NDF were not related (P > 0.10) to MRA of masticated and ground fragments. Estimates of tau were positively related to MRA, with slopes of bermudagrass < corn silage < ruminal fragments of corn silage. It was concluded that fragment size-, and consequently, ruminal age-dependent onset of PDF degradation of a mixture of different fragment sizes results in an age-dependent rate of degradation of the more rapidly degrading of two subentities of PDF. Models are proposed that assume a tau before onset of simultaneous degradation of PDF from two pools characterized as having gamma-modeled age-dependency and age-constant rates. The ruminal age-dependent pool seems to be associated with the faster-degrading pool, and its rate parameter increases with range in MRA in the population of fragments. Conceptually, the ruminal age-dependent rate parameter for PDF degradation seems to represent a composite of several effects: 1) effects of the size-dependent tau; 2) range in MRA of the population of ingestively masticated fragments; and 3) subentities of PDF that degrade via more rapid age-dependent rates compared with subentities of PDF that degrade via age-constant rates. The estimated fractional rates of ruminative comminution of ingestively masticated fragments (0.060 to 0.075/h) were of a magnitude similar to the mean fractional rates of PDF digestion (0.030 to 0.085/h), which implies that ruminative comminution may be first-limiting to fractional rate of PDF digestion. The in vivo roles of ingestive and ruminative mastication of fragments on PDF degradation must be considered in any kinetic system for estimating PDF digestion in the rumen. These results and others in the literature suggest that the rate of surface area exposure rather than intrinsic chemical attributes of PDF may be first-limiting to degradation rate of PDF in vivo.