玉米宽窄行单株错位定植综合栽培技术

经过连续5年的大面积推广实践,提出了玉米宽窄行双行单株错位定植高产综合配套栽培技术。实行玉米单株定植,适当提高了密度,提高了光能利用率和肥料利用率,充分发挥了玉米的单株生产能力,增加了玉米的茎秆粗度、单株叶面积和根系,增强了玉米抗旱抗倒伏的能力     

对山丹县提高种子管理水平的思考

<正>近年来,山丹县种子管理局以科学发展观为指导,切实加强了自身建设,强化了单位内部管理,加快了新品种的引进、试验示范和推广步伐,建立了标准化种子基地,加强了种子市场管理,加大了项目建设力度,有效地推动了种子产业化的发展,为农业增效、农民增收发挥了积极的作用。     

河北省“粮食丰产科技工程”课题实施效果评价

河北省“粮食丰产科技工程”课题在组织实施过程中,注重技术创新和管理机制创新,在充分考虑河北省不同生态类型区特点的基础上,通过有效的技术集成与示范推广,取得了显著的实施效果。①实现了项目区小麦、玉米的增产增收,带动了河北省粮食生产的全面提升;②节水节本成效显著,促进了河北省粮食生产的可持续发展;③彻底改变了项目区传统落后的种植习惯,极大地提高了农民的科技意识和科技文化素质;④锻炼和培养了农业科技队伍,带动了相关学科的发展。     

大豆与水稻轮作对土壤理化特性和水稻产量的影响

经过3年大豆与水稻轮作种植,培肥了土壤,增加了稻谷产量。种植大豆使土壤增加了有机质,提高了土壤肥力,增加了土壤的氮源,对土壤环境的改善起到了重要作用,同时,还富集了土壤养分。     

浅析庭院果树园艺的价值及栽培技术特点

在经济发展不断增速的背景下,人们对生活水平有了更高的要求。我国作为农业大国,近年来果品产量有了明显的提高,庭院果园成为了主要的发展趋势,不仅实现了种植者经济效益的提升,而且改善了人们的家居环境。针对庭院果树园艺的价值进行了分析,并研究了栽培技术的特点,从而为庭院果树园艺的推广创造有利条件。     

我国棉种产业化现状与前景展望

回顾了我国棉种产业的发展阶段,分析了棉种产业化实施的历史背景,从总体上和产业体系的五个方面分别归纳总结了我国棉种产业化取得的巨大成就,指出了我国棉种产业化存在的问题,提出了加快棉种产业化的政策建议,展望了我国棉种产业化的发展前景.     

钙营养对温室毛桃果实品质及 生理生化特性的影响

摘 要：以春元、春艳为试材,研究了在温室条件下喷钙对果实品质及生理生化特性的影响。结果表明：与对照相比,喷钙处理提高了果实中Ca2+的浓度,增加了果实中可溶性糖的含量,降低了可滴定酸的含量,增加了可溶性蛋白及Vc的含量,同时提高了POD的活性,降低了PPO的活性,进而改善了果实品质及贮藏性能。     

诱人的观赏茄——巴西茄

虽说观赏茄已不算什么新鲜玩意了,但看了这些憨憨圆圆的红果,你对巴西茄不会无动于衷吧。一天,无意间看到一张花友上传的巴西茄图片,就被那憨憨圆圆的红色果实深深地吸引了,心里萌生了种养的冲动。于是迫不及待地用矮番茄籽与这位花友交换了种子,开始了我的巴西茄种植之旅。     

云南西双版纳古茶树的地理分布、多样性及其利用

云南西双版纳是中国最古老的茶叶发源地之一,保存了大量的古茶树资源。本文总结了西双版纳古茶树研究进展,明确了古茶树在西双版纳的地理分布,探讨了西双版纳古茶树的多样性,提出了古茶树保护利用建议,为古茶树资源保护、利用提供了参考。     

Research of Impedance Measurement and Impedance Response of Beam

综述了葡萄原汁生产工艺的进展,分析了葡萄原汁中沉淀、酒石的形成原因,并论证了解决这些问题的方法.     

植物新品种保护与品种审定的意义和异同

随着知识产权愈来愈受到社会各界的关注，植物新品种保护工作也显得尤为重要。该文着重介绍了植物新品种保护的发展概况、意义及其与品种审定的异同，使读者对植物新品种保护工作有所了解。     

大白菜施肥技巧与主要病虫害防治

1施肥技巧 大白菜施肥原则是：整地重施有机肥，苗后分次巧追肥。追肥要掌握“少量多次、前少后多、分期供给”。肥后及时浇水，以达到肥水均匀，充分发挥肥效。     

我国蔬菜产业和科学技术的发展与展望

1　我国蔬菜产业的发展现状蔬菜是人们日常生活中不可缺少的副食品,也是我国目前种植业中最具活力的经济作物。改革开放以来,随着市场经济的发展,农产品产销体制的不断改革和完善,特别是1988年实施“菜篮子工程”以来,蔬菜产业得到了蓬勃发展。1.1　播种面积1987~1999年,全国蔬菜播种面积由533.3万hm²,发展到1333.3万hm²,增长139.5%。1.2　总产量1987~1999年,全国蔬菜总产量由1.55亿t增加到4.05亿t,增长161.3%,使年人均鲜菜占有量达到330.7kg(世界各国人均105kg……     

Dry matter and nitrogen accumulation and residues of oil and protein crops

Oil and protein crops are of growing importance in cropping systems. This study was carried out to compare oil crops of linseed, rapeseed, sunflower and protein crops of faba bean and white lupin for grain production, residual plant dry matter and nitrogen. Two field experiments with either oil or protein crops were conducted in 1993 and 1994, respectively. Total dry matter production, grain yield, residues, N concentrations and mineral N in the soil were measured. Dry matter production and distribution as well as N uptake and residues varied greatly among species and between years. In 1993, oil crops gave up to 3 t ha⁻¹ grain and 16 t ha⁻¹ residues with sunflower, while in 1994 up to 5 and 11 t ha⁻¹, respectively, were recorded with winter rape. Protein crops showed an opposite reaction in years. Nitrogen uptake and residual N amounts were correlated with dry matter production. Plant residues of oil crops contained 20–140 kg N ha⁻¹; those of protein crops up to 80 kg N ha⁻¹. Despite the variation of residual plant N the variability of mineral N in the soil at harvest was hardly influenced by crops and amounted to only 20–50 kg NO⁻₃-N ha⁻¹.     

果蔬采后存在问题及贮藏保鲜技术发展

随着生活水平的提高,果蔬产品成为人们摄取营养元素的重要食品之一。分析了我国果蔬采后存在的问题,并对低温及气调保鲜、化学保鲜剂、涂膜保鲜技术及超声保鲜技术等贮藏保鲜技术研究进行了综述,指出我国果蔬贮藏保鲜技术持续、稳定、健康的发展要倚重于科技创新。     

向日葵抗盐碱生理生化机制与生长发育特性分析

以Y05-222A和Y06-136R杂交得到的135株F₂群体为研究材料,测定过氧化物酶（POD）、超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）、脯氨酸（Pro）、过氧化氢酶（CAT）、可溶性蛋白和丙二醛（MDA）等6个生理指标,并进行方差分析、相关性分析和通径分析,对F₂群体进行偏度及峰度分析。结果显示,以上6个生理指标在F₂群体中P>0.05,分布频率符合正态分布,同时存在双向超亲分离现象;相关性分析和通径分析显示,这些指标与抗盐碱系数均呈极显著相关（正相关或负相关）,且相关系数与总间接通径系数方向一致。POD活性的直接通径系数为0.5003,可见POD直接影响抗盐碱性;CAT活性和Pro含量的直接通径系数分别为-0.1317和-0.0384,间接影响抗盐碱性;SOD活性、MDA及可溶性蛋白含量直接或间接影响抗盐碱性。POD、SOD、Pro、CAT、可溶性蛋白和MDA各生理指标的抗盐碱作用表现为POD>CAT>Pro>可溶性蛋白>MDA>SOD。叶片数、株高、茎粗和盘径与抗盐碱系数呈极显著正相关,其相关性表现为叶片数>盘径>株高>茎粗。以上结果可为研究油用向日葵抗盐碱性提供一定的理论基础。     

On Fengshui and Rockery and Water Layout

Definition of Fengshui and the theories of selecting mountain and water environment in Fengshui were elaborated. Theories about mountain-water relationship were expounded from the perspective of piling of rockeries and layout of water, a residential area in Hefei City, Beijing Olympics Park, Hangzhou Prince Bay Park, mineral pit of Shanghai Chenshan Botanic Garden, Beijing Beihai Park, Shanghai Changfeng Park were taken for example to demonstrate the influence of traditional rockery and mountain layout in Fengshui on modern landscape design.     

果蔬食品的褐变与控制

结合生产实际,对果蔬食品产生褐变的机理及其控制途径进行探讨。通过遗传学途径,培育果蔬新品种,使之不含易氧化变色物质,增强其天然抗褐变性,是控制果蔬褐变的根本途径。     

Approaches and Applications of Chemomics and Chemoinformatics

Some novel concepts of chemomics/molomics are proposed including hydrocarbomics, alcophenomics, carboxomics, pepitomics, metabonomics, etc. like genomics, protomics and glycomics in bioomics. Some examples are given to demonstrate the chemomics and/or molomics methodology and technology based chemoinformatics and bioinformatics and their wide applications in Chemistry and Biology.     

Acidity and sweetness in apple and pear

Summary Sweetness and acidity in apple and pear inherit independently and can be organoleptically evaluated separately, but less accurately in pear than in apple. For breeding purposes an analysis of fruits for acidity and sweetness with pH indicator paper and a hand refractometer is to be prefered to the organoleptic method.In apple, the acidity-decreasing with time-of the unripe fruit was already strongly indicative of that of the eating-ripe fruit; sugar-increasing with time-not before the fruit was picking ripe. Sugar content in apple and pear, and the pH in pear, appeared to be normally distributed; the pH in apple showed a segregation into an acid and a low-acid group, which occurred in both the unripe and ripe stage. The segregation ratio between these groups was found to be highly variable. On the whole, the mean acidity and sugar content of apple and pear progenies is significantly determined by that of the parents. Most of the observations made did not support the theory that low acidity in apple is determined by one recessive gene. The relationship between the pH of leaf juice and fruit juice in apple may offer a possibility for pre-selection.