一年生黑麦草在不同基肥条件下的生物量研究

在不同基肥条件下,测定一年生黑麦草的产草量、根系长度和深度,结果表明:有机肥每667 m2 1 200 kg+复合肥每667 m2 100 kg作基肥,一年生黑麦草的产草量最高,达到53 226.6 kg/hm2,根系最发达。     

高寒牧区免耕种草适宜的草种组合筛选

在高寒牧区采用免耕种植方式,对4个一年生牧草和6个多年生牧草组成的11个组合,在接近生产实际的条件下进行组合筛选试验,并以产草量、每667m2粗蛋白质生产量和投入、产出进行比较,结果表明:各草种按每667m2用种量组合为:燕麦10kg+多花黑麦草0.5kg+箭筈豌豆3kg、燕麦7.5kg+多花黑麦草1kg+光叶紫花苕3kg为适合川西北高寒牧区免耕种植的一年生牧草较优组合;“川草2号”老芒麦2kg+虉草0.2kg为适合川西北高寒牧区免耕种植的多年生牧草较优组合。     

高寒牧区免耕种草适宜的草种组合筛选

在高寒牧区采用免耕种植方式,对4个一年生牧草和6个多年生牧草组成的11个组合,在接近生产实际的条件下进行组合筛选试验,并以产草量、每667m2粗蛋白质生产量和投入、产出进行比较,结果表明各草种按每667 m2用种量组合为燕麦10 kg+多花黑麦草0.5 kg+箭筈豌豆3 kg、燕麦7.5 kg+多花黑麦草1 kg+光叶紫花苕3 kg为适合川西北高寒牧区免耕种植的一年生牧草较优组合;"川草2号"老芒麦2 kg+虉草0.2kg为适合川西北高寒牧区免耕种植的多年生牧草较优组合.     

不同行距对一年生黑麦草产草量的影响

本试验以4种行距种植特高一年生黑麦草,对其产草量、分蘖数和再生速度的影响研究表明一年生黑麦草鲜草产量、分蘖数之间差异显著,再生速度之间差异不显著.行距38 em时的产草量最高,每666.7 m2鲜草产量达到3 113.5kg.     

不同行距对一年生黑麦草产草量的影响

本试验以4种行距种植特高一年生黑麦草,对其产草量、分蘖数和再生速度的影响研究表明:一年生黑麦草鲜草产量、分蘖数之间差异显著,再生速度之间差异不显著。行距38 cm时的产草量最高,每666．7 m2鲜草产量达到3 113．5 kg。     

昭苏草原4-7月份最佳补充灌溉时间点分析与讨论

11985-2008年昭苏县年均气温、产草量、降水量变化1985-2008年的24年中，昭苏草原年均气温在不断增加，1985-1989年为3．14℃、1990-1999年为3．58℃、2000．2008为4．1℃。同期的年均降雨量也在增加（464．1mm、495．73mm、531．2mm），但是产草量却在下降（512．2kg／667m2、477．5kg/667m^2、433．1kg／667m^2）。     

野生硬雀麦栽培驯化研究

通过硬雀麦Bromus rigidus与3种一年生黑麦草Lolium multiflorum和莜麦Avena nuda的品种比较试验,结果表明:硬雀麦产草量达76 095.0 kg/hm2,仅次于阿伯德多花黑麦草(77 589.0 kg/hm2),略高于邦德一年生黑麦草(74 212.5 kg/hm2),三者之间差异不显著(P>0.05);高于赣选1号多花黑麦草(67 033.5 kg/hm2)和莜麦(66 697.5 kg/hm2),差异极显著(P<0.01)。硬雀麦的播种量以73.3125 kg/hm2,行距15 cm为最佳,平均产量可达98 227.5 kg/hm2。硬雀麦可作为过渡带冬闲田种植的优良牧草。     

湘西地区不同播期对多花黑麦草产草量性能的影响

采用小区试验的方法,在湘西地区的芷江县和溆浦县做了不同播期一年生多花黑麦草产草量性能影响的研究。结果表明：一年生多花多花黑麦草在9月中旬播种产量最高,年平均干物质产量芷江县可以达到12850．00kg／hm^2,溆浦县点的年均干物质产量达到8764．40kg／hm^2,产量差异显著（p〈0．05）。     

桂牧1号草地内冬种一年生黑麦草的效果(一)

于深秋至晚春，在桂牧1号草地的行间种植一年生黑麦草，观察测定这种种植方式给2种草及草地带来的影响。试验设计3个处理：①在桂牧1号草地内冬种一年生黑麦草，②单种桂牧1号，③单种一年生黑麦草。把处理②的产草量与处理③的首次产量相加作为处理④，以代表桂牧1号与一年生黑麦草轮作时的产量。结果是：处理①与②中桂牧1号的越冬率无显著差异；处理①的单位面积产草量极显著高于②、④；春季，处理①的杂草极显著地少于②。这表明，在桂牧1号草地内冬种一年生黑麦草是可行可取的。     

冬闲田土种植几种禾草饲养育肥牛的配套技术研究

黑麦草、燕麦、鸭茅等三种禾草均具有耐寒 ,返青早 ,生长快 ,产草量较高 ,抗病力较强的特性 ,是冬季及早春生长利用较好的饲料作物。在水稻冬闲田土中种植 ,以 1 0月中上旬播种 ,播量分别为 :黑麦草为 2 0～ 2 5kg/667m2 ,鸭茅为 1 8～ 2 0kg/667m2 、燕麦为 3 0～ 4 0kg/667m2 其效果较好。并利用其饲喂育肥牛 ,日增重比对照组增加 2 61g ,而且平均每天比对照多增纯利 1 88元。     

The influence of the width of the saddle tree on the forces and the pressure distribution under the saddle

As there is no statistical evidence that saddle fit influences the load exerted on a horse's back, this study was performed to assess the hypothesis that the width of the tree significantly alters the pressure distribution on the back beneath the saddle. Nineteen sound horses were ridden at walk and trot on a treadmill with three saddles differing only in tree width. Kinetic data were recorded by a sensor mat. A minimum of 14 motion cycles were used in each trial. The saddles were classified into four groups depending on fit. For each horse, the saddle with the lowest overall force (LOF) was determined. Saddles were classified as "too-narrow" if they were one size (2 cm) narrower than the LOF saddle, and "too-wide" if they were one size (2 cm) wider than the LOF saddle. Saddles two sizes wider than LOF saddles were classified as "very-wide". In the group of narrow saddles, the pressure in the caudal third (walk 0.63 N/cm(2)+/-0.10; trot 1.08 N/cm(2)+/-0.26) was significantly higher compared to the LOF saddles (walk 0.50 N/cm(2)+/-0.09; trot 0.86 N/cm(2)+/-0.28). In the middle transversal third, the pressure of the wide saddles (walk 0.73 N/cm(2)+/-0.06; trot 1.52 N/cm(2)+/-0.19) and very-wide saddles (walk 0.77 N/cm(2)+/-0.06; trot 1.57 N/cm(2)+/-0.19) was significantly higher compared to LOF saddles (walk 0.65 N/cm(2)+/-0.10/ 0.63 N/cm(2)+/-0.11; trot 1.33 N/cm(2)+/-0.22/1.27 N/cm(2)+/-0.20). This study demonstrates that the load under poorly fitting saddles is distributed over a smaller area than under properly fitting saddles, leading to potentially harmful pressures peaks.     

Monitoring of the mare during the perinatal period at the clinic and in the stable

Complications in late gestation are challenging problems for the equine clinician and are causes of considerable distress to owners. Health problems in a pregnant mare in each stage of gestation can adversely affect the pregnancy. It is important to obtain a thorough history and perform a detailed and systematic examination of the pregnant mare so that the mare may be classified as normal or high-risk. However, even after a thorough examination, practitioners may face problems with the interpretation and assessment of risk. Normal mares should foal in the stable or pasture. Mares classified as having a high-risk pregnancy need to be monitored precisely for signs of oncoming foaling with attendance of trained personnel when labour begins. A valuable method for monitoring of the high-risk mare is assessing fetoplacental well-being. Fetoplacental well-being is most accurately assessed with ultrasonography as well as several available hormone profiles. We are proposing our scoring system of the mare's health, which may be useful in the assessment of risk during pregnancy and help clinicians to decide whether sending the mare to the clinic is reasonable or unnecessary.     

中国饲料工业协会第五届理事会顾问、会长、常务副会长、副会长、秘书长、副秘书长、常务理事、理事名单

顾问刘中一张德邻宋瑞祥聂振邦张子仪戎易王维四会长白美清国务院原副秘书长、第四届理事会会长常务副会长(8人,以姓氏笔划为序)刘永好新希望集团董事长、第四届理事会副会长刘汉元通威股份有限公司董事长、第四届理事会副会长陈丹广东恒兴集团股份有限公司董事长、第四届理事会副会长张延喜农业部原副部长、第四届理事会副会长吴明夏湖南正虹科技发展股份有限公司董事长、第四届理事会副会长陶一山唐人神集团股份有限公司董事长、第四届理事会副会长温鹏程广东温氏食品集团有限公司董事长、第四届理事会副会长谭竹洲原化学工业部副部长、第…     

鸡胆囊交感节后神经元的定位研究

为了找出支配鸡胆囊交感节后神经元的分布规律,选用体重1.5 kg～2.5 kg的成年母鸡6只,将CT-HRP溶液注入胆囊壁,动物存活3 d～4 d后,经左心室灌流固定,取内脏神经节、肾上腺神经节以及双侧胸、腰和荐段交感干神经节,制成50 μm的连续冰冻切片,TMB法呈色反应,置明视野显微镜下观片统计.结果发现,支配鸡胆囊的交感传出神经元胞体位于内脏神经节(占41.1%)、肾上腺神经节(占40.5%)和T2～T7交感干神经节(占18.4%),在交感干神经节中标记细胞的峰值位于T5、T6交感干神经节.所有的标记细胞以位于右侧的占优势.     

Harnessing the genetic toolbox for the benefit of the racing Thoroughbred

The understanding and application of genetics have grown extremely quickly since it has become possible to sequence the whole genome of an organism. The human genome sequence was completed in 2001 and that of the horse in 2007. The significance of this is that it makes it more feasible to explain how both genetically simple and complex traits are transmitted from one generation to the next and, therefore, to make informed breeding decisions, modify how horses are managed and trained to minimise the risk of disease and injury, and improve methods of prevention, diagnosis and treatment of many conditions. The science of genetics/genomics will continue to grow internationally, limited only by the funds available. The application of the science to man, horses and other species raises very complex moral and commercial issues. Thoroughbred breeders are perceived by some as resistant to change, but their apparent intransigence is often based on a genuine concern for the integrity of the breed. By taking control of the application of the advances in genetics, the Thoroughbred industry potentially has the opportunity to improve both the health and performance of Thoroughbreds. If, however, the science is applied in an uncoordinated manner, driven by commercial interests with no underlying concern for the horses themselves, there is a very real risk that breeders, the Thoroughbred breed and individual horses will all suffer as a consequence.     

犊牛腹泻与肠道菌群的变化

本文检测腹泻犊牛的直肠内8种主要正常菌群的变化,并与健康犊牛进行对比。结果发现,犊牛腹泻时,大肠杆菌、双岐杆菌和乳杆菌变化较大,而其它菌群变化较小。腹泻或将腹泻时,大肠杆菌数增加,双岐杆菌和乳杆菌数下降。腹泻康复或即将康复时,大肠杆菌减少,双岐杆菌、乳杆菌数增加。     

商品猪胴体性能对分割销售后效益的影响

试验以深圳某集团销售外三元商品猪为研究对象,分析了商品猪不同胴体性能对分割销售效益的影响.结果表明,销售完成率与胴体背膘厚呈正相关,不同背膘厚的销售完成率差异极显著(P<0.01);销售完成率与胴体重呈正相关,不同胴体重的销售完成率差异显著(P<0.05);销售毛利率与胴体背膘厚呈正相关,不同背膘厚的销售毛利率差异极显...     

陕北白绒山羊繁育中心羊场绒山羊日粮的评价

试验选择陕北白绒山羊繁育中心羊场的成年健康母羊（怀孕前期）16只,育成母羊13只,育成公羊13只,空腹称重。测定每只羊1d的采食量,计算其摄入的营养成分含量,并与原苏联绒用山羊饲养标准比较,进行饲养水平评价。结果显示,与饲养标准比较,陕北白绒山羊繁育中心羊场的育成母羊代谢能高2．68MJ,粗蛋白低59．29g,钙低3．00g,磷低1．52g;育成公羊代谢能高3．47MJ,粗蛋白低81．92g,钙低4．42g,磷低2．62g;成年母羊代谢能高2．51MJ,粗蛋白低91．33g,钙低3．09g,磷低1．93g。结合羊的体况综合评价饲养水平基本合理,但尚需要按饲养标准增加粗蛋白、钙、磷等营养物质的供给量。     

猪獾全身骨骼的观测

对致死后的野生雄性猪獾作全身骨骼系统观察测定，共拍摄照片6幅，查明猪獾全身共有252共骨头，另有4块喉软骨，长约4．3cm，略弯圆柱状阴茎骨，16对肋软骨，上下各1对犬齿，较发达，分别长1．4cm,1.3cm，发现猪獾善于穴居或栖居，行动迟缓的骨骼特征：（1）胸椎发达，颈椎，腰椎较发达；（2）胸骨的前端愈合完全，后端膨大突出：（3）前肢短，有29．5cm，后肢长，有33．4cm，均有强大锐利的脚爪；（4）尾椎较长，全长16．9cm。