铅、铬和硒对玫瑰无须鲃毒性的初步研究

采用玫瑰无须鲃的水生毒性试验法对Pb^2|.Cr^6 ,Se^6 3种金属离子的生物毒性进行了初步研究。结果表明,3种金属离子对玫瑰无须鲃均有较高的毒性,有明显的时效性、剂量依赖性和毒性差异,且有不同的作用特点。Pb^2 离子对玫瑰无须鲃的毒性最低,其最高存活质量浓度为100mg／L,最低全部死亡质量浓度为200mg／L;Cr^6 离子的毒性次之,最高存活质量浓度为20mg／L,最低全部死亡质量浓度为200mg／L;Se^6 离子的毒性最高,最高存活质量浓度为20mg／L,最低全部死亡质量浓度为120mg／L。随着3种金属离子质量浓度的升高,玫瑰无须鲃的死亡率逐渐升高,就同一离子浓度而言,随着作用时间的延长．玫瑰无须鲃的死亡率逐渐升高,均无性别差异。用直线内切法分别得到3种金属离子不同时间对玫瑰无须鲃的半数致死质量浓度(LC50)。     

铜离子、汞离子对蟾蜍蝌蚪的联合毒性的影响

为了研究重金属离子Cu~(~(2+))和Hg~(2+)对蟾蜍蝌蚪的毒性影响以及共存时对其联合毒性的影响,试验在常温下,水的p H值为6.8~7.3时,观察和记录Cu~(2+)和Hg~(2+)各个浓度下蝌蚪的死亡数,并计算出不同时间下Cu~(2+)和Hg~(2+)的半致死浓度以及两种离子并存时的半致死浓度。结果表明:铜离子在24,48,72,96小时对蟾蜍蝌蚪的半致死浓度分别为0.621 6,0.494 4,0.429 3,0.362 5 mg/L。汞离子在24,48,72,96小时对蟾蜍蝌蚪的半致死浓度分别为0.288 3,0.200 2,0.172 7,0.144 0 mg/L。铜离子和汞离子共存时在24,48,72,96小时对蟾蜍蝌蚪的半致死浓度分别为0.342 0/0.117 4,0.238 5/0.068 8,0.208 6/0.056 7,0.173 4/0.044 2 mg/L。根据Marking的相加指数法求得在24,48,72,96小时的相加指数(AI)分别为0.044,0.211,0.228,0.273,AI值都大于零。说明铜离子、汞离子对蟾蜍蝌蚪的联合毒性为协同作用;铜离子和汞离子对蟾蜍蝌蚪的安全质量浓度分别为0.003 6,0.001 4 mg/L。     

铜离子和铅离子对金鱼的单一与联合毒性研究

为了研究重金属铜和铅对金鱼的联合毒性,采用静水生物测试法研究了铜离子(Cu~(2+))和铅离子(Pb~(2+))对金鱼的单一与联合毒性效应,观察记录第24,48,72小时金鱼死亡尾数,算出单种离子各自的半致死浓度(LC_(50))以及Cu~(2+)和Pb~(2+)共存时的LC_(50)。结果表明:在第24,48,72小时时,Cu~(2+)对金鱼的LC_(50)分别为7.94,3.80,2.63 mg/L,Pb~(2+)对金鱼的LC_(50)分别为446.68,426.58,398.10 mg/L,毒性大小为Cu~(2+) Pb~(2+);在第24,48,72小时时,Cu~(2+)和Pb~(2+)共存的LC_(50)分别为0.58 mg/L和316.23 mg/L、0.30 mg/L和288.40 mg/L、0.03 mg/L和194.98 mg/L。根据水生毒理联合效应相加指数法求得第24,48,72小时的相加指数(AI)分别为0. 28,0.32,1.00,说明两种金属离子的毒性具有协同增强作用。     

铅对蟾蜍蝌蚪急性毒性的研究

为了研究铅对蟾蜍蝌蚪急性毒性效应,试验在室内条件下(水温21~23℃),采用单因子急性毒性试验法,研究水环境中重金属离子铅(Pb2+)对蟾蜍蝌蚪的急性毒性效应。结果表明:重金属离子Pb2+对蟾蜍蝌蚪的24小时、48小时、72小时、96小时、120小时时毒性死亡率与浓度对数的回归方程分别为y=9.446 1x+6.158 4,y=30.307x+14.188,y=32.833x+15.274,y=26.164x+14.264,y=12.368x+10.721;半致死浓度(LC50)分别为0.754 0 mg/L、0.498 0 mg/L、0.486 5 mg/L、0.442 5 mg/L、0.344 7 mg/L。说明Pb2+不但对蝌蚪的生存造成严重威胁,而且使蝌蚪的身体畸形,表现为尾部弯折、鼻孔大增、头部和腹部膨大、皮肤透明等,并且不能直线游泳。     

几种重金属离子对高羊茅种子萌发及生理活性的响应

试验以高羊茅Festuca arundinacea"凌志1号"种子为材料,研究了镉(Cd2 )、铜(Cu2 )、汞(Hg2 )对种子萌发和幼芽细胞膜透性以及其体内过氧化氢酶(CAT)活性的影响.结果表明,0.5和5mg/L Hg2 极显著地促进萌发(P<0.01),50mg/L Cu2 极显著地抑制萌发(P<0.01),500mg/L各离子均显著抑制种子萌发(P<0.05).随处理的质量浓度逐渐增加,幼芽细胞膜透性逐渐增加.0.5mg/L的质量浓度下,Cu2 和Hg2 处理幼芽细胞膜透性显著低于对照(P<0.05);5和50mg/L的质量浓度下,Hg2 处理细胞膜透性最大;500mg/L的质量浓度下,Cu2 处理细胞膜透性最高.幼芽CAT的影响均表现为随质量浓度增加而逐渐升高,在0.5mg/L的质量浓度下,Cu2 处理CAT活性相对较高;在5mg/L的质量浓度下,Hg2 处理CAT活性相对较高;在50mg/L的质量浓度下,Cu2 和Hg2 处理CAT活性相对高于Cd2 处理;在500mg/L的质量的浓度下,Cu2 处理CAT活性相对较高.发芽率与细胞膜透性间存在较强的相关关系,发芽率和细胞膜透性与CAT呈负相关.综合分析几种重金属离子对高羊茅种子萌发的影响,Cd2 对高羊茅的毒害作用最大,Cu2 最小.     

河蟹土池生态育苗中敌害生物控制的实验室试验

文章对河蟹土池生态育苗中的敌害生物的控制进行实验室试验研究 ,结果表明 :漂白粉可有效控制敌害生物 ,4mg/ L有效氯即可杀灭沙蚕幼体和桡足类 ;划蝽对敌百虫较敏感 ,浓度为 0 .8mg/ L 时 ,1 2 h后全部致死 ;甲醛浓度为 0 .8m L/ L 时 ,1 2 h后全部致死划蝽 ;由小球藻配制的敌百虫液 ,浓度为 2 .0 mg/ L时 ,1 2 h后使划蝽全部致死 ,其杀死划蝽浓度明显高于由消毒海水配制的敌百虫液 ,说明小球藻液削弱敌百虫毒性效果明显。     

培养液中铜水平对PK15细胞内铜离子浓度与CuZn-SOD活性的影响

在 PK15细胞无血清液体培养基中添加 0、7.8、15 .6、31.2、6 2 .5 μmol/L Cu,观察了培养液中不同铜水平对PK15细胞内铜离子浓度和 Cu Zn- SOD活性的影响及二者的相关性。结果表明 ,PK15细胞内铜离子浓度及 Cu Zn-SOD活性均随培养液中添加铜离子浓度升高和培养时间的延长而有不同程度的升高 ,其中以添加 Cu31.2 μmol/L组最高 (P<0 .0 5 )。PK15细胞内 Cu Zn- SOD活性与细胞内铜离子浓度和培养时间呈强正相关 (培养时间 :r=0 .873～0 .980 ,P<0 .0 5 ;铜离子浓度 :r=0 .90 0～ 0 .972 ,P<0 .0 5 )     

氨氮对草鱼的急性半致死试验

采用常规生物急性毒性试验方法,在pH 8.85、水温23℃条件下,研究氨氮对草鱼仔鱼存活的影响。试验证明:毒性效应与氨氮浓度呈正相关。平均氨氮TAN浓度为0.31、20.94、30.15、40.28、60.70、91.02、169.99、302.72 mg/L,分子氨NH3浓度为0.02、0.12、0.17、0.23、0.36、0.55、1.02、1.82 mg/L时,草鱼仔鱼96 h死亡率分别为0%、0%、10%、10%、25%、45%、60%、100%。氨氮半致死浓度为2.40 mg/L,对应非离子氨浓度为0.62 mg/L,氨氮安全浓度0.24 mg/L,对应非离子氨安全浓度为0.0615 mg/L。     

铅对蟾蜍蝌蚪红细胞影响的研究

为了研究不同浓度的硝酸铅[Pb(NO3)2]溶液(Pb的浓度分别为0、0.41 mg/L、0.44 mg/L、0.47 mg/L、0.50 mg/L)在染毒15 d后对蟾蜍蝌蚪红细胞微核细胞率及核异常细胞率的影响,试验采用以曝气后的自来水为对照组,利用显微镜和血细胞计数板观察和统计微核数、核异常数。结果表明:当Pb2+的浓度为0.50 mg/L时,蝌蚪红细胞微核细胞率、核异常细胞率和总核异常率均极显著高于对照组(P0.01);而且在染毒15 d后,相同时间内随着离子溶液浓度的升高,在该试验浓度范围(Pb2+的浓度为0.41~0.50 mg/L)内,蝌蚪红细胞微核细胞率、核异常细胞率及总核异常率会随之升高。     

母鼠妊娠期铅镉联合暴露对新生鼠体内微量元素含量的影响及NAC的保护效应

为了研究母鼠妊娠期铅镉联合暴露对新生鼠体内微量元素Cu、Fe、Zn、Mn和Se及N-乙酰半胱氨酸(N-Ace-tylcysteine,NAC)的保护作用,35只怀孕SD母鼠被随机分为7组,即A组为对照组(饮用蒸馏水)、B组为铅组(300 mg/L)、C组为铅+NAC组(300 mg/L+20 mmol/L)、D组为镉组(10 mg/L)、E组为镉+NAC组(10 mg/L+20 mmol/L),F组为铅+镉组(300 mg/L+10 mg/L)、G组为铅+镉+NAC组(300 mg/L+10 mg/L+20 mmol/L).采用饮水染毒.染毒时间为21 d,分娩后应用电感耦合等离子体质谱仪(Inductively coupled plasma mass spec-troscopy,ICP-MS)检测新生鼠体内微量元素Cu、Fe、Zn、Mn和Se含量.结果表明,与对照组比较,各染毒组新生鼠体内微量元素Cu、Fe、Zn、Mn和Se含量均显著低于对照组(P<0.05).D组较B组降低明显,F组降低最为显著,铅镉联合表现协同毒性效应,镉在铅镉联合毒性损伤中发挥主要作用,与各染毒组比较,NAC保护组新生鼠体内微量元素Cu、Fe、Zn、Mn和Se含量均有不同程度升高,部分组间有显著差异(P<0.05),说明NAC对铅、镉致新生鼠体内微量元素平衡紊乱具有一定的保护作用.     

Repletion of blood selenium concentrations in weaned beef calves

Eighty-three weaned beef calves severely deficient (less than 20 micrograms/L) in blood selenium (Se) were allotted by sex, weight and breed to one of six regimens of Se supplementation for 108 days to examine the efficacy of various Se supplementation programs and to monitor the repletion rate of blood Se concentrations. Cattle in treatment 1 received an IM injection of sodium selenite and an ad libitum feeding of 20 mg Se/kg salt-mineral mixture. Salt-mineral mixtures (treatments 2, 3, 4 and 5) were formulated to contain 20, 40, 80 and 160 mg Se/kg supplement, respectively, and were offered free-choice. Treatment 2 served as the selenium-treated control because 20 mg Se/kg supplement was the maximum permissible by FDA in commercial salt-mineral preparations at the time of this study. Cattle in treatment 6 received a salt-mineral supplement which contained no Se but dried brewers grain (434 micrograms Se/kg) was incorporated in the ration as an organic source of Se and fed at a rate of 1.1 kg/head/day. There was a within group time/treatment interaction (P less than 0.01) among all treatments as blood Se concentrations significantly increased over time. Final mean whole blood Se concentrations for treatments 1-6 were 87.8, 60.6, 95.1, 123.1, 154.2 and 91.4 micrograms/L, respectively. Treatments 1, 3, 4, 5 and 6 effectively increased and maintained whole blood Se concentrations at adequate levels (greater than 70 micrograms/L) by day 84. Treatment 2 (control) increased blood Se during the 108-day study, but blood Se concentrations never exceeded marginal levels (50-70 micrograms/L). Cattle consumed less salt-mineral supplement as the concentration of Na selenite increased from 20 to 160 mg Se/kg supplement.     

Selenium and glutathione peroxidase levels in lambs receiving feed supplemented with sodium selenite or selenomethionine

Twenty-one 6 months old female lambs were divided into 7 groups and fed a basal diet containing 0.13 mg Se/kg. The basal diet was further supplemented with 0, 0.1, 0.5 or 1.0 mg Se/kg either as sodium selenite or as selenomethionine, and was fed for 10 weeks. Both feed additives produced an increase in the selenium concentration in the tissues analysed. Significant correlations were found between the concentrations of selenomethionine or sodium selenite added to the feed and the subsequent tissue levels. However, the selenium levels seemed to plateau at approximately 0.5 mg Se/kg of supplemented sodium selenite. The total glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) activity of the tissues increased when the selenium supplementation increased from 0 to 0.1 mg/kg for both selenium compounds. With further increase in selenium supplementation the GSH-Px activity in the tissues plateaued except in the blood where the activity continued to rise with increasing selenomethionine supplementation. The selenium dependent GSH-Px activity in the liver rose with increasing selenomethionine supplementation, but approached a plateau when 0.1 mg Se/kg as sodium selenite was added to the feed. The selenium concentration in whole blood responded more rapidly to the selenium supplementation than did GSH-Px activity. The experiment indicates that the optimal selenium concentration in the feed is considerably higher than 0.1 mg Se/kg, and that selenium levels of 1.0 mg/kg in the feed do not result in any risk for the animals or the consumers of the products.Key words: dietary selenium, lambs, selenium concentrations, glutathione peroxidase activities, tissues     

硒和铬对蛋鸡脂质代谢及鸡蛋硒含量的影响

本试验旨在研究在蛋鸡日粮中添加酵母硒和吡啶羧酸铬及其互作对蛋鸡生产性能、脂质代谢及鸡蛋品质的影响.选用320只45周龄海赛克斯蛋鸡随机分为4组,每组4个重复,每个重复20只鸡,在基础口粮中分别添加0 mg/kg吡啶羧酸铬(Ⅰ组)、0.4 mg/kg吡啶羧酸铬(Ⅱ组)、0.5 mg/kg酵母硒(Ⅲ组)、0.4 mg/kg吡啶羧酸铬+0.5 mg/kg酵母硒(Ⅳ组),预饲1周,试验从46周龄持续到50周龄,试验期5周(35 d).结果表明,Ⅲ、Ⅳ组产蛋率极显著提高,料蛋比极显著降低(P<0.01).Ⅱ、Ⅳ组血清总胆固醇含量极显著降低(P<0.01),Ⅲ、Ⅳ组血清高密度胆固醇含量极显著升高(P<0.01).Ⅱ、Ⅲ、Ⅳ组蛋黄中的胆固醇含量与Ⅰ组差异极显著(P<0.01).Ⅲ、Ⅳ组与Ⅰ、Ⅱ组相比,鸡蛋硒含量极显著升高(P<0.01).Ⅲ、Ⅳ组在试验开始到第2周末鸡蛋硒含量极显著升高(P<0.01),从第2周末到第5周末,硒含量基本稳定,4个组均进入平台期.结果显示,吡啶羧酸铬极显著降低了血清及蛋黄中的胆固醇含量.酵母硒极显著提高了产蛋率,降低了料蛋比,并降低了蛋黄中胆固醇含量,提高了鸡蛋中的硒含量.同时添加吡啶羧酸铬和酵母硒极显著提高了产蛋率,降低了料蛋比,并降低了血清及蛋黄中的胆固醇含量,提高了血清中高密度胆同醇含量和鸡蛋中的硒含量.     

纳米硒在动物营养中的研究进展

硒(Se)是动物机体必需的微量元素,在机体抗氧化体系、免疫细胞功能、促生长及精子的形成和游动、前列腺素的功能等方面起着重要作用。动物体内已知存在35种以上的含硒蛋白质,其中谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(GPx1-GPx6)和硫氧还蛋白还原酶(TrxR1-TrxR3)在机体抗氧化体系中发挥着重要的作用。国内生产中通常应用亚硒酸钠作为补硒制剂,但亚硒酸钠在使用中存在吸收率低、过氧化作用及潜在的污染等问题。有机硒和纳米硒具有吸收率高、生物活性强、环境污染小等优点。与有机硒相比,纳米硒有更显著的低毒高效性,是已发现的毒性最低的补硒制剂。近年来,纳米硒替代有机硒、无机硒源的研究已成为热点。     

鱼油与硒对饲喂亚麻籽日粮绵羊体组织脂肪酸组成及抗氧化的影响

研究0.33%鱼油与2mg/kgDM的有机硒对饲喂亚麻籽日粮的绵羊体组织脂肪酸组成及抗氧化功能的影响。初步探讨在绵羊日粮中添加亚麻籽提高体组织CLA含量的同时,再添加鱼油和硒是否能进一步提高CLA含量。选用体重相近,健康的杂交一代公羔羊16只,随机分为4组。4组日粮为对照组LD组(基础日粮+10%亚麻籽),LF组(基础日粮+0.33%鱼油+9.17%亚麻籽,其中0.33%鱼油+9.17%亚麻籽所含脂肪与10%亚麻籽脂肪含量相等),LDSe组(基础日粮+10%亚麻籽+2mg Se/kgDM);LFSe组(基础日粮+0.33%鱼油+9.17%亚麻籽+2mgSe/kg DM),硒以有机硒的形式添加。结果表明:硒的添加对绵羊血浆抗氧化功能无显著影响(P<0.05),可能是受基础日粮硒浓度的影响;亚麻籽日粮中添加0.33%鱼油提高了绵羊体组织cis-9,trans-11-CLA和trans-11-C18:1含量。亚麻籽日粮中添加2mg Se/kg DM的有机硒对绵羊体组织脂肪酸组成没有显著影响。鱼油与有机硒的添加对绵羊不同组织△9-脱氢酶活性各组间影响差异不显著。由此表明,日粮中联合添加亚麻籽+鱼油以提高组织CLA含量的效果优于单独添加亚麻籽。     

8种杀虫剂对苜蓿叶象及条纹根瘤象的毒力测定

采用喷雾法对8种药剂对苜蓿叶象及条纹根瘤象进行室内毒力测定,结果表明：2%噻虫啉微囊粉剂对苜蓿叶象四龄幼虫的活性较高,其 LC50为107.408 mg/L,4.5%高效氯氰菊酯微乳剂的活性最低,其 LC50为549.342 mg/L;8种杀虫剂对三龄幼虫的 LC50为140.176-453.784 mg/L。40%毒死蜱乳油对条纹根瘤象成虫活性较高,其 LC50为71.017 mg/L,其次为2%噻虫啉微囊粉剂,其 LC50为80.157mg/L。     

Vitamin E and organic selenium enhances the antioxidative status and quality of chicken semen under high ambient temperature

1. The effects of supplemental dietary vitamin E and organic selenium (Se), and their combination, on improving semen quality characteristics and antioxidative status were investigated in cockerels exposed to high ambient temperature.

2. A total of 36 Egyptian local cross males, 40 weeks old, were housed individually in cages in an open-sided building (average daily temperature ranged from 33 to 36°C and relative humidity from 60 to 70%). Birds were divided randomly into 4 experimental treatments (n?=?9 each): (1) control (basal diet without any supplementation with vitamin E or Se); (2) vitamin E (basal diet +200?mg α-tocopherol acetate/kg diet); (3) Se (basal diet +0·3?mg organic Se/kg diet); and (4) vitamin E?+?Se (basal diet +200?mg α-tocopherol acetate/kg diet +0·3?mg organic Se/kg diet).

3. Under heat stress conditions, inclusion of vitamin E and/or organic Se in the diets enhanced the semen quality traits, including the spermatozoa count and motility, and reduced the percentage of dead spermatozoa.

4. A combination of 200?mg/kg vitamin E with 0·3?mg/kg organic Se reduced the thiobarbituric acid reactive substance concentration in seminal plasma samples to about 28% of the controls; and also enhanced the seminal plasma glutathione peroxidase activity by two-fold compared with controls.

5. It was concluded that dietary vitamin E in combination with organic Se has a synergistic effect in minimising lipid peroxidation and improving the antioxidative status in seminal plasma of the domestic fowl, which probably translated into enhanced spermatozoa count, motility and reduced percentage of dead spermatozoa under heat stress conditions.     

Effect of nano‐sized,elemental selenium supplement on the proteome of chicken liver

The nano‐sized (100–500 nm) selenium has higher bioavailability and relatively lower toxicity compared to other selenium forms. The objective of the present study was to compare liver proteome profiles of broiler chicken fed with control diet without Se supplementation and diet supplemented with nano‐Se with 4.25 mg/kg DM. Differential proteome analyses were performed by two‐dimensional gel electrophoresis (2D‐PAGE) followed by tryptic digestion and protein identification by liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry (LC‐MS). Seven hundred and eight spots were detected, and 18 protein spots showed significant difference in their intensity (p < 0.05) between the two groups. In response to nano‐Se supplementation, the expression of 8 proteins was higher, and 5 proteins were lower in nano‐Se supplemented group compared to control group. The functions of the differentially expressed proteins indicate that the high dose of selenium supplementation induced a dietary stress. Selenium supplementation may influence the metabolism of fatty acids and carbohydrates and antioxidant system, and increase the quantity of cytoskeletal actin and the expression of actin regulatory protein as well.     

大口黑鲈对饲料中酵母硒的耐受性研究

本试验旨在通过研究酵母硒对大口黑鲈生长性能、血浆生化指标、组织抗氧化指标及肝脏组织结构的影响,评价大口黑鲈对饲料中酵母硒的耐受性。在基础饲料中分别添加0(Y0)、0.5(Y0.5)、2.5(Y2.5)、5.0 mg/kg(Y5.0)(以硒计)酵母硒,其中0.5 mg/kg是硒的最高推荐剂量,2.5和5.0 mg/kg分别是最高推荐剂量(0.5 mg/kg)的5和10倍。基础饲料本底硒含量为0.76 mg/kg。选用初始体重为(12.99±0.01)g大口黑鲈,随机分为4组,每组6个重复,每个重复20尾,试验期为10周。结果表明:Y0组增重率和摄食率最低,同时其饲料系数也最低,均显著低于其余各组(P0.05)。Y0组血浆中碱性磷酸酶活性显著高于其余各组(P0.05)。Y0.5组血浆中高密度脂蛋白胆固醇含量显著高于其余各组(P0.05)。Y2.5组血浆中尿素氮含量显著高于其余各组(P0.05)。Y2.5组、Y5.0组血浆中免疫球蛋白M含量显著高于Y0组、Y0.5组(P0.05)。与Y0组相比,酵母硒的添加显著降低了血浆中丙二醛的含量(P0.05),且显著提高了血浆中谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶的活性(P0.05)。Y5.0组肝脏硒含量显著高于Y0组、Y 0.5组(P0.05),与Y2.5组无显著差异(P0.05)。硒日摄入量和肝脏硒含量呈显著线性相关(P0.05),肝脏硒含量随硒日摄入量的提高呈线性增加。各组大口黑鲈的肝脏都有不同程度的损伤,但添加0.5 mg/kg酵母硒对肝脏损伤有缓减作用。由上述结果可知,饲料中添加0.5 mg/kg酵母硒(总硒含量为1.29 mg/kg)对大口黑鲈具有一定的脂肪代谢促进作用和抗氧化保护功能,且对大口黑鲈是安全的。本试验条件下,综合生长性能、血浆生化指标、组织抗氧化指标及肝脏组织结构,饲料本底硒含量为0.76 mg/kg时,大口黑鲈对饲料中酵母硒的耐受剂量为0.5 mg/kg(以硒计),即为硒的最高推荐剂量,安全系数为1。鱼粉、磷虾粉等动物蛋白质源中含有较高水平的硒元素,因此在高鱼粉水产动物饲料中补充硒要慎重。     

不同硒源及水平对肉鸡组织硒含量及抗氧化功能的影响

本文旨在研究和比较不同硒源及水平对爱拔益加(AA)肉鸡生长性能、组织硒含量和抗氧化功能的影响,并探讨在生产中应用较低水平(0.20 mg/kg)有机硒替代较高水平(0.30 mg/kg)无机硒的可行性.选用1日龄AA肉仔鸡600只,随机分为5组,分别饲喂基础饲粮(对照组)及在基础饲粮中添加0.30 mg/kg硒(以亚硒酸钠形式)(SS组)、0.20 mg/kg硒(以酵母硒形式)(SY Ⅰ组)、0.30 mg/kg硒(以酵母硒形式)(SYⅡ组)和0.30 mg/kg混合硒(亚硒酸钠和酵母硒形式硒各0.15mg/kg)(MS组)的试验饲粮,每组6个重复,每个重复20只鸡.试验期42 d.结果表明:1)SYⅡ组肉鸡前期平均日采食量显著低于对照组(P＜0.05),饲粮添加各水平有机硒均显著降低了肉鸡全期平均日采食量(P ＜0.05或P＜0.01).2)与对照组和SS组相比,添加各水平有机硒均显著提高了肉鸡胸肌中的硒含量(P＜0.01),且以SYⅡ组最高,显著高于其他各组(P＜0.01);SY Ⅰ组和SYⅡ组肉鸡血浆中的硒含量显著高于对照组(P ＜0.05或P＜0.01);添加各水平有机硒均显著提高了42 d肉鸡肝脏中的硒含量(P ＜0.05或P＜0.01).3)在试验前期(1 ～21 d),较SS组,SYⅡ组肉鸡血浆谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(GSH-Px)和总超氧化物歧化酶(T-SOD)的活性均显著提高(P＜0.05);较对照组,SS组、SY Ⅰ组和SYⅡ组肉鸡肝脏T-SOD的活性均显著提高(P＜0.05或P＜0.01).在试验后期(22 ～42 d),较对照组,SS组、SY Ⅰ组和SYⅡ组肉鸡血浆和肝脏GSH-Px的活性均显著提高(P＜0.05或P＜0.01),各添加有机硒组肉鸡的血浆丙二醛含量均显著降低(P＜0.05或P＜0.01);与对照组相比,MS组肉鸡肝脏过氧化氢酶(P＜0.05)和GSH-Px的活性均显著提高(P＜0.01).由此可知,饲粮添加0.30 mg/kg酵母硒能够提高肉鸡组织硒沉积量,对其生长性能和抗氧化功能的改善效果最佳;饲粮添加0.20 mg/kg的酵母硒替代0.30 mg/kg亚硒酸钠,在改善肉鸡的生长性能、提高组织硒含量和抗氧化功能方面是可行的.