种母鸡饲粮不同硒源及添加水平对后代肉鸡生长性能、肉品质、硒沉积和抗氧化功能的影响

本试验旨在研究种母鸡饲粮不同硒源及添加水平对后代肉鸡生长性能、肉品质、硒沉积和抗氧化功能的影响。将540只48周龄的健康岭南黄父母代肉用种母鸡随机分为6个组,每组3个重复,每重复30只鸡。试验采用3(硒源)×2(水平)双因素随机试验设计,饲粮硒源分别为亚硒酸钠(SS)、酵母硒(SY)、硒代蛋氨酸(SM),硒添加水平分别为0.15和0.30 mg/kg(以硒计)。预试期4周,正试期8周。结果表明:1)与SS组相比,SM组显著降低了1~21日龄后代肉鸡的料重比(P0.05);SM和SY组显著提高了1日龄后代肉鸡肝脏、肾脏和肌肉的硒含量以及肾脏过氧化氢酶(CAT)活性(P0.05),显著降低了肝脏丙二醛(MDA)含量(P0.05)。与SY组相比,SM组显著提高了后代肉鸡16 h胸肌的p H和肾脏、肌肉的硒含量(P0.05)。2)0.30 mg/kg组的后代肉鸡肝脏、肾脏和肌肉的硒含量显著高于0.15 mg/kg组(P0.05)。与0.30 mg/kg组相比,0.15 mg/kg组显著提高了后代肉鸡8 h胸肌Hunter a值及p H(P0.05),显著降低了后代肉鸡24、48 h胸肌滴水损失(P0.05),显著提高了1日龄后代肉鸡肝脏谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶、总超氧化物歧化酶(T-SOD)活性和总抗氧化能力(T-AOC)及肾脏T-SOD、CAT活性和T-AOC(P0.05),显著降低了1日龄后代肉鸡肾脏MDA含量(P0.05)。由此可见,在本试验条件下,种母鸡饲粮中添加0.15 mg/kg SM效果最佳。     

酵母硒添加水平对肉鸭胴体品质、组织硒含量及抗氧化性能的影响

文章旨在研究日粮添加不同水平有机硒(酵母硒形式)对1~48 d肉鸭生长性能、胴体品质、组织硒含量及抗氧化性能的影响。试验选择平均体重为(56.66±0.14)g的商品肉鸭720只,随机分为4组,每组4个重复,每个重复45只。对照组不添加酵母硒,其他3组分别在基础日粮中添加0.15、0.30和0.45 mg/kg硒(以酵母硒形式),试验共进行48 d。结果显示:0.3 mg/kg酵母硒组较对照组和0.45 mg/kg酵母硒组显著提高了48 d肉鸭的体重(P0.05);0.45 mg/kg酵母硒组较0.15和0.30 mg/kg酵母硒组显著降低了肉鸭冷胴体重(P0.05);对照组冷胴体占比显著高于0.45 mg/kg酵母硒组(P0.05)。与对照组相比,0.3和0.45 mg/kg有机硒组显著降低了肌肉的pH45min(P0.05);对照组和0.15 mg/kg有机硒组屠宰后45 min肌肉温度显著高于0.3和0.45 mg/kg有机硒组(P0.05);对照组胸肌和腿肌水分含量显著高于其他各组(P0.05);0.45 mg/kg酵母硒组胸肌蛋白质含量显著高于对照组和0.15 mg/kg有机硒组(P0.05),而对照组和0.45 mg/kg有机硒组腿肌脂肪含量显著高于对照组(P0.05)。随着日粮有机硒添加水平的升高,血清GSH-Px活力和硒水平表现为显著升高(P0.05)。随着日粮有机硒添加水平的升高,血清、肝脏、粪和肌肉中硒的水平显著升高(P0.05)。高水平有机硒(0.45 mg/kg)显著降低了14 d肉鸭硒的吸收效率(P0.05),但显著提高了48 d肉鸭硒的吸收效率(P0.05)。结论 :有机硒可以显著提高肉鸭血清、肝脏和肌肉中的硒含量以及血清GSH-Px活力,其中日粮添加0.3 mg/kg硒(酵母硒)可以显著提高1~48 d肉鸭的体重。     

不同硒源对蛋鸡生产性能、粪硒含量及饲料硒吸收率的影响

为了研究饲粮中添加3种硒源(植物硒-富硒苜蓿、无机硒-亚硒酸钠和生物硒-酵母硒)对蛋鸡生产性能、粪便含硒量及饲料硒吸收率的影响。选取50周龄健康罗曼蛋鸡300羽,随机分成5组,饲喂基础饲粮,基础饲粮中添加15%普通苜蓿粉、1.60mg/kg亚硒酸钠、730mg/kg酵母硒和15%富硒苜蓿粉的试验饲粮,试验期为38d。结果表明:(1)基础日粮添加富硒苜蓿显著提高蛋鸡日产蛋量和产蛋率(P0.05),降低料蛋比(P0.05);添加酵母硒显著提高蛋鸡产蛋率(P0.05);(2)基础饲粮添加亚硒酸钠、酵母硒和富硒苜蓿均极显著提高蛋鸡粪硒含量(P0.01),却显著低于亚硒酸钠组(P0.05);(3)亚硒酸钠、酵母硒和富硒苜蓿3种硒源均极显著提高蛋鸡饲料硒吸收率(P0.01),富硒苜蓿组和酵母硒组蛋鸡饲料硒吸收率均显著高于亚硒酸钠组蛋鸡饲料硒吸收率(P0.05);在试验21d后,蛋鸡对无机硒的吸收能力趋于稳定,而蛋鸡对有机硒的吸收能力随试验周期延长而增加。由此可见,蛋鸡日粮添加富硒苜蓿,其生产性能略优于酵母硒,显著优于普通苜蓿和亚硒酸钠;且饲粮硒含量相同情况下,蛋鸡对富硒苜蓿硒的吸收能力显著高于亚硒酸钠硒,但略低于酵母硒。     

酵母硒和纳米硒对乳鸽生产性能、肉中微量元素含量和血清抗氧化指标的影响

为研究酵母硒和纳米硒对乳鸽生产性能、肉中微量元素含量和血清抗氧化指标的影响,选取210只14日龄健康的美国王鸽,随机分成7组,每组3个重复,每个重复10只。对照组饲喂基础饲粮(硒含量0.08 mg/kg),试验组在基础饲粮中分别添加0.1、0.3、0.5 mg/kg硒的酵母硒或纳米硒。结果表明:饲粮中添加酵母硒、纳米硒对乳鸽平均日采食量、料肉比均无显著影响(P0.05);与对照组相比,添加0.5 mg/kg硒的纳米硒组平均日增重显著提高(P0.05)。饲粮中添加酵母硒、纳米硒均显著提高了乳鸽胸肌中硒的含量(P0.05),对铁、锌的含量无明显影响(P0.05)。与对照组相比,添加0.3、0.5 mg/kg硒的酵母硒和纳米硒组乳鸽血清中谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶、总超氧化物歧化酶活性及总抗氧化能力均显著提高(P0.05),丙二醛含量均显著降低(P0.05)。由此可见,饲粮中添加酵母硒和纳米硒均明显提高了乳鸽肌肉中硒的含量,增强了血清抗氧化功能;添加0.5 mg/kg硒的纳米硒显著提高了乳鸽的日增重,综合来看,添加纳米硒的效果优于酵母硒,且以添加0.3~0.5 mg/kg为宜。     

饲粮中硒添加水平对产蛋高峰期临武鸭产蛋性能、蛋品质、血清抗氧化指标和蛋硒含量动态变化的影响

本试验旨在研究饲粮中硒添加水平对产蛋高峰期临武鸭产蛋性能、蛋品质、血清抗氧化指标和蛋硒含量动态变化的影响。试验选用29周龄体况良好、产蛋率接近的正处于产蛋高峰期的临武鸭200只,随机分为5组,每组5个重复,每个重复8只。对照组饲喂基础饲粮(不额外补充硒源,实测硒含量为0.15 mg/kg)45 d,Ⅰ组、Ⅱ组、Ⅲ组、Ⅳ组分别在基础饲粮中以酵母硒形式添加0.10、0.20、0.40、0.80 mg/kg的硒,饲喂35 d添加硒饲粮后改喂基础饲粮10 d。结果显示:1)饲粮中硒添加水平对蛋鸭产蛋性能和蛋品质各指标均无显著影响(P0.05)。2)与对照组和Ⅰ组相比,饲粮中添加0.40和0.80 mg/kg的硒可以显著提高蛋鸭血清中硒和谷胱甘肽(GSH)含量以及超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)和谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(GSH-Px)活性(P0.05),显著降低血清中丙二醛(MDA)含量(P0.05)。3)随试验天数的增加,对照组和Ⅰ组蛋硒含量无显著变化(P0.05),而Ⅱ组、Ⅲ组、Ⅳ组蛋硒含量均呈现先升高后降低的趋势,且均在试验第9天达到峰值。试验第7、9、13、17、21、28和35天,Ⅱ组、Ⅲ组、Ⅳ组蛋硒含量显著高于对照组和Ⅰ组(P0.05);停喂添加硒饲粮的第1~4天,Ⅱ组、Ⅲ组、Ⅳ组蛋硒含量仍显著高于对照组(P0.05);停喂添加硒饲粮的第5~8天,Ⅲ组和Ⅳ组蛋硒含量显著高于对照组(P0.05);停喂添加硒饲粮的第9天,各试验组蛋硒含量均衰减至与对照组相同水平(P0.05)。由此可见,饲粮中添加不同水平的酵母硒形式的硒对产蛋高峰期临武鸭的产蛋性能和蛋品质均无不良影响。饲粮中添加0.40和0.80 mg/kg酵母硒形式的硒可以提高产蛋高峰期临武鸭的蛋硒含量、血清硒含量和抗氧化能力,延长蛋硒的存留时效。综合考虑各因素,产蛋高峰期临武鸭饲粮中硒(以酵母硒形式添加)的适宜添加水平为0.40 mg/kg。     

不同硒源对育肥初期徐淮白山羊抗氧化能力、表观消化率及生长性能影响的研究撤回

旨在研究饲粮中添加不同硒源对育肥初期徐淮白山羊抗氧化能力、营养物质表观消化率及生长性能的影响。选取断奶健康徐淮白山羊50只,随机分为5组,每组2个重复,每个重复5只,对照组(C组)饲喂基础饲粮,试验组饲粮中分别添加以硒含量计算的0.3 mg/kg亚硒酸钠(0.3 SS组)、0.3 mg/kg酵母硒(0.3 SY组)、0.3 mg/kg硒代蛋氨酸(0.3 SM组)和0.5 mg/kg硒代蛋氨酸(0.5 SM组),预饲期15 d,试验期60 d。结果显示：1)血液抗氧化指标GSH-Px、T-AOC和SOD活性在0.3 SY和0.3 SM组均显著高于C组或0.3 SS组(P<0.05);0.3 SM组MDA含量最低,且显著低于C组或0.3 SS组(P<0.05)。2)各试验组CP、EE、NDF和ADF表观消化率均显著高于C组(P<0.05);0.3 SM组CP、NDF、ADF的表观消化率显著高于0.3 SY组(P<0.05);与0.3 SM组相比,0.5 SM组随着硒代蛋氨酸浓度的增加营养物质表观消化率有所降低。3)平均日增重0.3 SY组显著高于C组或0.3 SS组...     

饲粮中添加不同硒源对产蛋鸡生产性能和抗氧化能力的影响

本试验研究了饲粮中添加亚硒酸钠、酵母硒、蛋氨酸硒和纳米硒对产蛋鸡生产性能、鸡蛋品质、血浆抗氧化能力和鸡蛋硒含量的影响,旨在为产蛋鸡饲粮中硒的合理使用提供理论依据。选取18周龄健康、产蛋率相近的海兰灰产蛋鸡540只,随机分为5组,每组6个重复,每个重复18只。对照组饲喂不添加硒的基础饲粮(总硒含量0.08 mg/kg),其他4组添加0.30 mg/kg硒,分别来自亚硒酸钠、酵母硒、蛋氨酸硒和纳米硒(实测饲粮硒含量分别为0.37、0.38、0.34和0.41 mg/kg)。试验预试期1周,正试期8周。结果表明:1)不同硒源对产蛋鸡的生产性能和蛋品质均无显著影响(P0.05)。2)与对照组相比,饲粮中添加0.30 mg/kg 4种硒均显著提高了血浆谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(GSH-Px)活性(P0.05)。试验4周末,纳米硒组GSH-Px活性最高;8周末,酵母硒组和纳米硒组GSH-Px活性较高。与对照组相比,饲粮中添加4种硒源均能够提高血浆总抗氧化能力(T-AOC),且纳米硒组在4和8周末均显著高于其他各组(P0.05)。4种硒源对血浆超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活性和丙二醛(MDA)含量均无显著影响(P0.05)。3)与对照组相比,基础饲粮中添加4种硒源均可显著提高鸡蛋中硒含量(P0.05),其中酵母硒组显著高于其他3组(P0.05)。由此可见,基础饲粮中添加4种硒源对产蛋鸡生产性能和鸡蛋品质无显著影响;4种硒源均可显著提高血浆GSH-Px活性和T-AOC,且酵母硒和纳米硒效果更好;与亚硒酸钠、蛋氨酸硒和纳米硒相比,酵母硒在增加鸡蛋硒含量方面更加有效。     

酵母硒和亚硒酸钠对蛋鸡生产性能、蛋品质和蛋硒含量的影响

本试验旨在比较酵母硒和亚硒酸钠对蛋鸡生产性能、蛋品质和蛋硒含量的影响,以确定能够替代亚硒酸钠的酵母硒适宜使用量。试验选用30周龄体况良好、产蛋率接近的健康海兰褐蛋鸡360只,随机分成5个组,每组6个重复,每个重复12只。对照组饲喂基础饲粮(不额外添加硒源),试验组饲喂在基础饲粮中分别添加0.30 mg/kg硒的亚硒酸钠以及0.10、0.20和0.30 mg/kg硒的酵母硒(试验饲粮中实测硒含量分别为0.176、0.342、0.278、0.302、0.359 mg/kg)。预试期14 d,正试期28 d。结果表明:1)各试验组产蛋率、平均蛋重、平均日产蛋重、平均日采食量、料蛋比和蛋品质与对照组相比较差异均不显著(P>0.05)。2)亚硒酸钠组和酵母硒组蛋硒含量均显著高于对照组(P<0.05);酵母硒组蛋硒含量均显著高于亚硒酸钠组(P<0.05),并随酵母硒添加量的增加显著增加(P<0.05)。由此可见,相对于亚硒酸钠,蛋鸡对酵母硒吸收和向鸡蛋中的转移效率更高;饲粮添加硒能显著提高蛋硒含量,且蛋硒含量随着酵母硒添加量的增加而增加;饲粮中添加0.10~0.30 mg/kg硒的酵母硒对蛋鸡生产性能和蛋品质无不良影响。     

不同来源硒对母猪繁殖性能的影响

为了考察不同来源硒对母猪繁殖性能及哺乳仔猪生长性能、组织中硒存留的影响,选用健康、体况良好的4胎次二元长大母猪18头,按血缘、妊娠日期、体重相近的原则随机分成3组,每组设2个重复,每个重复3头猪。Ⅰ组为基础日粮+亚硒酸钠(Se0.30mg/kg),Ⅱ组为基础日粮+亚硒酸钠(Se0.10mg/kg)+酵母硒(Se0.20mg/kg),Ⅲ组为基础日粮+酵母硒(Se0.30mg/kg)。试验结果表明,基础日粮添加亚硒酸钠(Se0.10mg/kg)和酵母硒(Se0.20mg/kg)的Ⅱ组与基础日粮添加酵母硒(Se0.30mg/kg)的Ⅲ组的仔猪的初生窝重、初生个体重、断奶窝重和断奶个体重都较添加无机硒的Ⅰ组有显著的提高(P<0.05);而Ⅱ组与Ⅲ组之间有提高的趋势但差异不显著(P>0.05)。仔猪的成活率,各处理之间差异不显著,但添加酵母硒的Ⅱ组和Ⅲ组仔猪的成活率均高于添加无机硒组。添加酵母硒的Ⅱ组和Ⅲ组仔猪的腹泻频率显著低于添加无机硒组(P<0.05);而Ⅱ组与Ⅲ组之间无差异(P>0.05)。在母猪日粮中添加酵母硒可显著提高母猪的泌乳力(P<0.05),并且随着酵母硒添加量的提高,母猪泌乳力也进一步提高。母猪日粮中添加有机硒可显著提高母猪乳汁、仔猪血液、肾脏、肝脏和肌肉中硒的存留量(P<0.05),但在添加不同含量酵母硒的Ⅱ组和Ⅲ组的仔猪血浆和肾脏中硒含量差异不显著(P>0.05)。     

亚硒酸钠和酵母硒对蛋鸭产蛋性能、蛋品质、蛋硒含量和蛋硒转化率的影响

本试验旨在研究不同水平的亚硒酸钠（SS）和酵母硒（SY）对蛋鸭产蛋性能、蛋品质、蛋硒含量和蛋硒转化率的影响，探究其在鸭蛋中的富集和消去规律。选取540只健康、产蛋性能相近的44周龄龙岩山麻蛋鸭，随机分为9组，每组6个重复，每个重复10只鸭。试验期16周，分为富集期12周和消去期4周。富集期，各组分别饲喂基础饲粮（对照组，硒含量0.15 mg/kg）及在基础饲粮中分别添加0.3、0.6、0.9和1.2 mg/kg的SS或SY（以硒计）的试验饲粮。消去期，各组均饲喂基础饲粮。结果表明：1）富集期，与对照组相比，饲粮中添加SS和SY对产蛋率、平均蛋重、日产蛋量和料蛋比均无显著影响（P>0.05），但显著提高了平均日采食量（第5～8周、第9～12周和第1～12周，P<0.05）。消去期，与对照组相比，仅饲粮中添加SY显著提高了平均日采食量（第1～2周，P<0.05）。2）与对照组相比，饲粮中添加SS和SY对蛋重、蛋形指数、蛋壳强度、蛋黄颜色、蛋壳重、蛋壳比例、蛋壳厚度均无显著影响（P>0.05），但饲粮中添加SS显著降低了蛋白高度和哈氏单位（第2、4、12周和平均值，P...     

日粮硒对小鼠肾脏硒沉积及抗氧化酶基因表达的影响

This study was to explore the effect of dietary selenium on selenium deposition and antioxidant enzymes gene expression in mouse kidney. Four groups （Ⅰ,Ⅱ,Ⅲ and Ⅳ）of mice were fed eight weeks with 0.045,0.1,0.4 and 0.8 mg/kg Se, respectively. The results showed that the levels of kidney selenium deposition increased with the increasing of dietary selenium, groupⅠ was significantly lower than other groups （P＜0.05）. Kidney selenium deposition among Ⅱ、Ⅲ、Ⅳ groups showed no significant differences when fed to the 56th day （P＞0.05）. The TrxR2 mRNA expression of groupⅠwas significantly lower than that of groups Ⅱ and Ⅲ （P<0.05）, and the two groups also showed significant differences（P＜0.05）. The SOD1 and SOD2 mRNA expression levels of groupⅠwere significantly lower than that of groups Ⅱ and Ⅲ （P＜0.05）. SOD2 expression showed significantly different between groups Ⅱ and Ⅲ（P＜0.05）, while SOD1 expression showed no significant differences between the two groups. The CAT mRNA expression levels of groupsⅠ and Ⅱ were significantly higher than that of group Ⅲ （P＜0.05）, there were no significant differences between groups Ⅰ and Ⅱ （P>0.05）. These results indicated that selenium could increase the level of kidney selenium deposition. With the feeding time increased, kidney selenium deposition in high-selenium group showed saturated. Se deficient and excessive could reduce the mRNA expression levels of kidney antioxidant genes (TrxR2, SOD1, SOD2 and CAT).     

酵母硒和纳米硒对育肥后期乳鸽生长性能、肉中微量元素含量及血清抗氧化指标的影响

本试验旨在研究酵母硒和纳米硒对育肥后期乳鸽生长性能、肉中微量元素含量及血清抗氧化指标的影响。将210只21日龄健康的美国王鸽随机分成7组,每组3个重复,每个重复10只。试验采用2(硒源)×4(硒水平)双因素随机试验设计,饲粮硒源分别为酵母硒和纳米硒,硒添加水平分别为0(对照,饲喂硒含量为0.08 mg/kg的基础饲粮)、0.1、0.3、0.5 mg/kg(以硒计)。预试期3 d,正试期7 d。结果表明:1)各组乳鸽平均日采食量、平均日增重和料重比无显著差异(P0.05)。2)各加硒组乳鸽肉中硒含量均显著高于对照组(P0.05),且随着硒添加水平的升高而增加,硒源和添加水平之间存在显著交互作用(P0.05);与对照组相比,0.1、0.3、0.5 mg/kg硒的酵母硒组肉中硒含量分别显著提高了28.72%、62.09%、106.05%(P0.05),0.1、0.3、0.5 mg/kg硒的纳米硒组分别显著提高了19.83%、26.12%、45.65%(P0.05),且酵母硒组肉中硒的含量显著高于纳米硒组(P0.05)。3)与对照组相比,0.3、0.5 mg/kg硒的酵母硒和纳米硒组乳鸽血清总超氧化物歧化酶、谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶、过氧化氢酶活性及总抗氧化能力均显著提高(P0.05),血清丙二醛含量显著降低(P0.05);与对照组、0.1 mg/kg组相比,0.3、0.5 mg/kg组血清过氧化氢酶活性、总抗氧化能力显著提高(P0.05),血清丙二醛含量显著降低(P0.05)。综上,饲粮中添加酵母硒和纳米硒均能显著增强育肥后期乳鸽血清抗氧化性能,显著提高鸽肉中硒的含量。     

胱氨酸类硒源对产蛋鸡蛋品质、抗氧化能力和蛋中硒含量的影响

本试验旨在研究饲粮中添加硒代胱氨酸(SeC)、L-硒甲基硒代半胱氨酸(L-MSC)、L-硒代半胱氨酸(L-SeCys)和亚硒酸钠(SS)对产蛋鸡生产性能、蛋品质、抗氧化能力和蛋中硒含量的影响,以期为富硒鸡蛋的生产提供依据。选用26周龄体况良好、产蛋率接近的海兰灰蛋鸡450只,随机分为5个组,每组6个重复,每个重复15只鸡。对照组饲喂基础饲粮(不额外补充硒),其他4组饲粮在基础饲粮中添加0.30 mg/kg硒,分别来自SeC、L-MSC、L-SeCys和SS,各组饲粮中硒含量实测值分别为0.08(对照组)、0.36(SeC组)、0.35(L-MSC组)、0.31(L-SeCys组)和0.37(SS组)mg/kg。预试期1周,正试期4周。结果表明:1)与SS组和对照组相比,胱氨酸类硒源各组产蛋鸡的平均蛋重、产蛋率和料蛋比均无显著差异(P0.05)。L-SeCys组平均日采食量在试验1~2周时显著低于对照组(P0.05)。2)与SS组和对照组相比,胱氨酸类硒源各组产蛋鸡的蛋白高度、哈氏单位、蛋壳强度、蛋形指数、蛋黄和蛋白比例均无显著差异(P0.05)。试验第4周末,SS组蛋黄颜色显著高于其他各组(P0.05);SeC和SS组蛋壳厚度显著高于其他各组(P0.05),L-MSC和L-SeCys组蛋壳厚度显著高于对照组(P0.05);对照组蛋壳比例显著低于各试验组(P0.05)。3)与SS组和对照组相比,胱氨酸类硒源各组产蛋鸡的血浆谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(GSH-Px)活性显著升高(P0.05);SeC和SS组血浆总超氧化物歧化酶(T-SOD)活性显著高于对照组(P0.05);胱氨酸类硒源各组血浆丙二醛(MDA)含量与SS组相比无显著差异(P0.05);对照组血浆总抗氧化能力(T-AOC)显著低于其他各组(P0.05),L-MSC组的血浆T-AOC最高,显著高于SS组(P0.05)。4)与对照组相比,饲粮中添加胱氨酸类硒源显著提高了蛋中硒含量(P0.05),其中L-MSC组最高;胱氨酸类硒源各组蛋中硒含量和硒转化率均高于SS组(P0.05)。由此可见,饲粮中添加3种胱氨酸类硒源可增强机体抗氧化水平,提高蛋中硒含量,其中SeC和L-MSC效果更好。     

Effects of Selenium Yeast on Growth Performance and Some Blood Biochemical Indexes in Laying Ducks of Rearing Period in Cages under High Ambient Temperature

The study was conducted to determine the effects of different levels of selenium yeast(SeY, added as selenium content) on growth performance and some biochemical indexes in Jinding laying ducks under high temperature (29-35℃). 144 Jinding laying ducks of rearing period (10-16 weeks old) were divided into 4 groups, control group, experimental groups Ⅰ,Ⅱ and Ⅲ, supplemented with 0, 0.15, 0.45 and 0.75 mg/kg Se, respectively. The results showed that compared with the control group, the addition of SeY to the diets could significantly increase the average daily feed intakes (ADFI) of ducks at 14-16 weeks old (P<0.05); The body weights of ducks in group Ⅰ at 13-15 weeks old were significant higher than that in the control group (P<0.05),and the body weight at 16 weeks old was higher than the other three groups significantly (P<0.05),there was no significant difference between the body weight and standard body weight at 16 weeks old in group Ⅰ(P>0.05), but the body weights of other three groups were extremely significantly lower than the standard weight (P<0.01); There was no significant difference among the four groups for feed to gain ratios (F/G), while the group Ⅰ was the lowest; AST activities of group Ⅰ were significantly lower than group Ⅱ(P<0.05), LDH activities of groups Ⅰ,Ⅱ and Ⅲ were lower than the control group significantly (P<0.05), and LDH activities of groupⅠ were lower than groups Ⅱ and Ⅲ significantly (P<0.05). TCH concentrations of groups Ⅰ and Ⅱ were higher than group Ⅲ significantly (P<0.05). It is concluded that the addition of 0.15 mg/kg of Se (added as SeY) could obviously improve the growth performance of the laying ducks in reared cages, protect the function of liver, promote the TCH concentrations of duck serum.     

Effect of different sources and levels of selenium on performance,meat quality,and tissue characteristics of broilers

The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of dietary levels of inorganic and organic selenium (Se) on performance, meat physicochemical characteristics, and Se deposition in the tissues of broilers chickens. A total of 2,880 one-day-old broilers (Cobb 500 strain) were divided into 96 experimental pens of 30 birds each. The 12 experimental treatments were arranged in a factorial design of 4 × 3 [selenium levels of 0.15, 0.30, 0.45, and 0.60 ppm, and organic (selenium yeast, SY) or inorganic (sodium selenite, SS) sources of selenium and their association (SY + SS)], with 8 replicates in a completely randomized design. No differences (P > 0.05) among Se levels or sources were detected with regard to any performance parameters. The average values of ADFI, ADG, and FCR were 106 g/bird per day, 63 g/bird per day, and 1.684 kg/kg, respectively. No differences (P > 0.05) were found between treatments regarding pH (5.79) and shear force (30.08 kgf). Those birds receiving 0.15 ppm of Se showed a significantly higher (21.92%) cooking loss of breast meat (P < 0.05). The organic form of Se decreased cooking loss, and the smallest loss was found when the diet was supplemented with 0.60 ppm of Se (15.87%). Deposition of Se in the liver increased from 0.97 (0.15 ppm of Se) to 2.43 mg/kg (0.60 ppm of Se) when using SY. The concentration of Se in the breast meat increased linearly from 0.23 to 1.42 mg/kg with increasing dietary levels of SY. Therefore, dietary supplementation with 0.15 ppm of Se, independent of source, can maintain normal bird performance. The SY was more efficient in depositing Se to the liver and breast muscle than the SS.     

不同硒浓度日粮对小鼠肝脏和睾丸组织中部分硒蛋白mRNA水平的影响

选取80只7周龄雄性BALB/c小鼠,随机分为Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ、Ⅳ组,每组20只,使Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ、Ⅳ组基础日粮中硒含量达到0.045、0.1、0.4和0.8 mg/kg。结果表明:①Ⅰ组能显著降低小鼠肝脏中硒的沉积量(P<0.05);②Ⅰ组谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶1(glutathione peroxidase 1,GPx1)的mRNA相对表达量明显低于Ⅱ、Ⅲ组(P<0.05),且Ⅱ、Ⅲ组在肝脏中差异显著(P<0.05),在睾丸中差异不显著(P>0.05);③Ⅰ、Ⅲ组肝脏中谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶4(glutathione peroxidase 4,GPx4)的mRNA相对表达量差异不显著(P>0.05),但均显著低于Ⅱ组(P<0.05),而各试验组间在睾丸中差异均不显著(P>0.05);④随着日粮中硒添加量的增加,肝脏和睾丸中硫氧还蛋白还原酶2(thioredoxin reductase 2,TrxR2)的mRNA相对表达量显著提高(P<0.05)。因此,在肝脏和睾丸组织中,饲喂低硒饲料能显著降低硒的沉积量和GPx1、GPx4、TrxR2的mRNA相对表达量(P<0.05);而饲喂高硒饲料能显著降低GPx1的mRNA相对表达量(P<0.05),同时显著增加TrxR2的mRNA相对表达量(P<0.05)。提示,硒对GPx1、GPx4和TrxR2 mRNA相对表达量的调节存在组织差异性。     

Effect of Organic Selenium and Vitamin E on Meat Quality Trait,Blood Biochemical Indexes and Antioxidant Indexes of Broiler

The experiment was aimed to study the effect of organic selenium and vitamin E (VE) on meat quality trait,blood biochemical indexes and antioxidant indexes of broiler chicken. 280 1-day-old AA broiler chicken were chosen and assigned to 7 groups with 40 broiler chicken per group. Group 1 was control group that did not adding organic selenium and VE,groups 2-7 were added with 100 IU/kg VE,0.15 mg/kg organic selenium and 100 IU/kg VE,0.30 mg/kg organic selenium and 100 IU/kg VE,200 IU/kg VE,0.15 mg/kg organic selenium and 200 IU/kg VE,0.30 mg/kg organic selenium and 200 IU/kg VE,respectively. The results showed that the organic selenium and VE had significant effects on eviscerated rate,slaughter rate and chest muscle rate (P< 0.05),while no significant effect was found on semi-eviscerated rate and leg muscle rate(P> 0.05). Adding 0.15 mg/kg organic selenium and 100 IU/kg VE could reduce drip loss,cooking loss,L^* and pH,and there were extremely significant difference or significant difference of cooking loss and L^* compared with control group (P< 0.01;P< 0.05),while this made little effect on a^*,b^* and shear force (P> 0.05). It could significantly or extremely significantly reduce the CHO and MAD contents (P< 0.05;P< 0.01),increase the content of GLU,T-AOC and GSH-Px,and there were extremely significant or significant differences of GLU and GSH-Px compared with control group (P< 0.01;P< 0.05).But there was no significant difference of HDL-C,LDL-C,CAT and SOD contents among all groups (P> 0.05).     

1～21日龄岭南黄羽肉仔鸡饲粮硒适宜供给量的研究

本试验旨在研究饲粮不同硒添加水平对1~21日龄岭南黄羽肉仔鸡生长性能和抗氧化性能的影响,以探讨快大型岭南黄羽肉仔鸡饲养前期的饲粮硒适宜供给量。选用1日龄健康、发育良好的快大型岭南黄羽肉公雏鸡1 200只,根据体重随机分为5个组,每组6个重复,每个重复40只鸡,试验1组(对照组)饲喂基础饲粮(硒水平为0.039 mg/kg),试验2~5组饲粮在基础饲粮中分别添加0.075、0.150、0.225和0.300 mg/kg硒,试验期21 d。结果表明:本试验条件下:1)与对照组相比,饲粮添加0.300 mg/kg硒显著降低1~21日龄岭南黄羽肉仔鸡的末重(P0.05),显著提高料重比(P0.05),且0.300 mg/kg硒添加组的平均日增重显著低于其他各水平硒添加组(P0.05)。2)与对照组相比,饲粮添加0.075和0.150 mg/kg硒显著提高21日龄岭南黄羽肉仔鸡的血浆谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(GSH-Px)活性(P0.05),饲粮添加0.225和0.300 mg/kg硒显著降低血浆丙二醛(MDA)含量(P0.05)。各水平硒添加组的红细胞GSH-Px活性均显著高于对照组(P0.05)。3)与对照组相比,饲粮添加0.075、0.150和0.225mg/kg硒显著提高21日龄岭南黄羽肉仔鸡的肝脏GSH-Px活性(P0.05),0.075和0.150 mg/kg硒添加组的肝脏MDA含量显著低于对照组和0.300 mg/kg硒添加组(P0.05)。综合考虑,为获得较好生长性能和抗氧化性能,1~21日龄岭南黄羽肉仔鸡饲粮硒适宜添加水平为0.075 mg/kg,基础饲粮中硒水平为0.039 mg/kg,则1~21日龄岭南黄羽肉仔鸡饲粮硒适宜供给量为0.114 mg/kg;以肝脏MDA含量为依据,通过非线性回归分析估测得到1~21日龄岭南黄羽肉仔鸡饲粮硒适宜供给量为0.130 mg/kg。