鸡滑液囊支原体病继发大肠杆菌感染的诊断

2011年10月贵州省息烽县某养鸡场送检雏鸡病例,为确诊病因,进行了流行病学调查,剖检病变观察,细菌学、PCR检测和鸡胚接种试验。发病鸡多见于12日龄,一侧或双侧跗关节肿胀,患部背侧滑膜囊出现囊肿和跛行。肝脏病料大肠杆菌分离率12.5%(1/8),该菌对庆大霉素和氟苯尼考敏感,而对四环素、青霉素、氧氟沙星、链霉素、卡那霉素、恩诺沙星均已产生耐药。针对滑液囊支原体16S rRNA基因设计引物能扩增出653 bp的特异性条带,而病毒性关节炎病原S1基因引物未见扩增条带。病鸡关节滑液囊液接种鸡胚见出血水肿病变,死亡鸡胚卵黄囊和尿囊液染色镜检可见直径约为0.2μm多形态的球状体。由此确诊该病例为鸡滑液囊支原体病继发大肠杆菌感染。     

鸡白痢的综合防治措施

鸡白痢病是由鸡沙门氏菌引起的一种发生极为普遍和危害极为严重的鸡传染病,各种品种的鸡均易感,以2～3周龄内的雏鸡发病率与死亡率最高,呈流行性,严重危害雏鸡成活率.成年鸡发病主要以损害生殖系统为主,如造成母鸡产蛋率下降和公鸡性功能减退等.采用全血平板凝集试验,对宁夏贺兰县某种鸡场200只6月龄后备种公鸡进行鸡白痢抗体检测.检测结果表明:200只种公鸡中鸡白痢阳性有11只,则该鸡场鸡白痢的发病率为5.5%.     

鸡滑液囊支原体的分离和鉴定研究

从河南某肉种鸡场疑似鸡滑液囊支原体感染的病鸡跗关节样品进行病原的分离与鉴定.分离菌经瑞氏染色,在油镜下呈球形或椭圆形.在固体培养基上表现为细小、光滑、致密的小菌落,菌落形态为“煎蛋状”.L型细菌鉴定发现菌体仍保持原有形态.菌体能够吸附红细胞,分解葡萄糖,但不能分解精氨酸和尿素,还可致SPF鸡胚死亡,说明该分离菌为支原体.进一步的血清学试验结果表明,该分离菌为鸡滑液囊支原体,而不是鸡毒支原体.根据已发表的鸡滑液囊支原体血凝素基因序列vlhA设计合成一对引物,经PCR扩增,该菌体能够扩增出鸡滑液囊支原体(773 bp)的特异性片段.人工感染试验结果显示,SPF鸡能够复制出自然病例.     

一种治疗鸡滑液囊支原体病的方法

通过对50日龄患有鸡滑液囊支原体病的78只青年蛋鸡,分三组不同剂量进行腿肌注射滑易康,根据给药后的各项观察指标,综合评价滑易康对鸡滑液囊支原体病临床治疗效果。试验结果表明,滑易康第3组治疗效果最佳治愈率可高达96.1%,滑易康第1组和第2组治愈率分别为80.7%和88.4%。     

一例鸡滑液囊支原体病的诊治与体会

正鸡滑液囊支原体是养鸡业一种较为常见的传染病,该病主要与滑液囊支原体感染机制有关,以传播范围广、病程长、治愈难度高等为特征。如果预防和治疗不及时,可给养殖户造成巨大的经济损失。本文就一例鸡滑液囊支原体病的诊疗情况进行了分析,供业内同行参考。1发病情况2019年5月3日,上蔡县某乡某养殖户饲养5000只鸡,在56日龄时突然发现20多只鸡出现异常,表现为腿软、跛行、卧地不起。以氟苯尼考等     

蛋鸡滑液囊支原体病的治疗

鸡滑液囊支原体病又称鸡传染性滑膜炎,是由鸡滑液囊支原体(MS)引起的鸡和火鸡的一种急性或慢性传染病。主要发生于30~90日龄鸡群,该病可经种蛋垂直传播,也可经呼吸道和排泄物、空气中的气溶胶传播。2000年以来,我国各地报道规模化肉鸡养殖场发病率较高。近几年来,随着蛋鸡产业的快速发展。     

一起蛋鸡滑液囊支原体病的诊疗、跟踪监测及体会

本文对青岛市某蛋鸡场发生的一例鸡滑液囊支原体病进行了诊疗分析,并跟踪监测阳性率变化情况。分析结果显示,该鸡群感染滑液囊支原体后抗生素治疗效果甚微,免疫鸡滑液囊支原体活疫苗(MS-H株)后1周未出现临床症状,实验室跟踪监测检测病原,阳性率逐渐降为0。鸡滑液囊支原体病是由鸡滑液囊支原体(Mycoplasma Synoviae,MS)引起的一种以关节渗出性的滑液囊膜炎及腱鞘滑膜炎为特征的急性或慢性传染性疾病,既可以垂直传播又可以水平传播,3~14周龄蛋鸡易感。感染后的鸡关节肿大、腿瘫、生长发育迟缓,死淘率高达10%~30%,产蛋鸡产蛋率下降,给蛋鸡养殖带来较大的经济损失。     

鸡滑液囊支原体病的诊断与防治体会

湖南省内某黄羽种鸡场一育雏舍30日龄左右雏鸡大群出现生长迟缓、羽毛松乱、跛行喜卧、不愿站立等现象,并有轻微的呼吸道症状,作者根据临床症状、病理变化和鉴别诊断,诊断此病为鸡滑液囊支原体病,经5天治疗后鸡群恢复正常。因该病容易复发,多有并发症,作者建议在做好饲养管理及环境控制的前提下,可每隔2～3周轮换使用药物控制鸡群的感染率,将发病概率降到最低。     

鸡滑液囊支原体病的诊断与防治措施

鸡滑液囊支原体病又称鸡霉形体病,是一种由鸡滑液囊支原体(MS)引起鸡、鸭、鹅、鹌鹑、鸽等禽类以关节渗出性滑液囊膜炎及腱鞘滑膜炎为特征的急性或慢性传染病。该病一年四季均可发生,但主要以气候多变的冬春季多发,早期多表现为气囊炎特征,最常表现为亚临床型的上呼吸道感染,进而出现急性或慢性滑液囊炎症,影响鸡只的运动和采食,妨碍种鸡交配,降低产蛋率、蛋品质和孵化率。与鸡毒支原体一样,鸡滑液囊支原体感染遍及全球,而且近年来有增多趋势,给养鸡业造成巨大的经济损失。     

鸡滑液囊支原体病的诊治

天津市蓟州区某鸡场62日龄鸡群发病,病鸡主要表现为关节周围肿胀,跛行或瘫痪,经临床症状、病理剖检观察以及实验室诊断,确诊为鸡滑液囊支原体病。注重鸡群日常饲养管理,控制鸡群饲养密度,确保饮水和饲料原料卫生;减少应激因素,加强生物安全防控,建立全进全出的养殖模式,定期带鸡消毒和鸡场环境消毒,有效降低鸡滑液囊支原体病的发病程度。     

癸氧喹酯干混悬剂含量测定的改进

采用高效液相色谱法测定癸氧喹酯干混悬剂的含量,在2-250μg/mL范围内,峰面积的常用对数与进样量浓度的常用对数呈良好的线性关系,R^2=1(n=5),平均回收率为99.24%~99.51%,RSD在0.05%~0.28%。此方法分析时间短,样品前处理简便、定量结果准确,重现性好,结果满意,为其质量控制提供了依据。     

商会自治的基石——商会自治规范研究

在现代法律秩序中,商会自治规范是制定法的基础和必要的补充,甚至在某些方面替代了制定法;商会自治规范主要包括商会组织规范、行为规范、惩罚规范以及争端解决规范等;其效力仅及于其内部成员;商会自治规范和制定法之间存在冲突,但也存在整合的基础。     

猪毛色遗传的研究进展

本文概述了猪的毛色类型、猪的毛色遗传模式,着重综述了猪毛色基因分子基础的研究进展,指出存在问题并就未来发展方向做了思考。     

中华人民共和国农业部公告 第267号

为贯彻落实《兽药生产质量管理规范》(简称《兽药GMP》),进一步推动兽药GMP实施进程,我部制定了《兽药生产质量管理规范检查验收办法》,现予公告。本公告自2003年6月1日起施行。附件:兽药生产质量管理规范检查验收办法二○○三年四月十日第一章 总则 第一条 为推动《兽药生产质量管理规范》(以下简称兽药GMP)的实施,规范兽药GMP检查验收工作,制定本办法。 第二条 农业部负责全国兽药GMP管理和检查验收工作;负责制修订兽药GMP检查验收管理规定;负责兽药GMP检查员队伍建设和监督管理工作,负责国际兽药贸易中GMP互认工作。 …     

鸡败血支原体垂直传播模式及其阻断方法

以国际标准强毒Ｒ株人工感染非免疫产蛋鸡,定时扑杀,分别从鼻窦、眶下孔、气管、肺、气囊、卵巢和输卵管分离ＭＧ,并收集感染鸡所产蛋分离ＭＧ。结果表明,人工感染４８小时后上、下呼吸道及肺已被全面感染,９６小时气囊已被感染,１２０小时输卵管已能分离到ＭＧ,卵巢始终分离不到ＭＧ。人工感染鸡自１４４小时便能在其所产蛋中分离出ＭＧ。药物治疗能在７２小时内消除感染,油乳剂苗则需２４天后逐渐降低蛋内ＭＧ分离率,药物卵内注射、种蛋药浴、高温处理均能杀死卵内ＭＧ,但以研制的种蛋浸泡剂药浴效果为最好。     

Comparison of 2 methods of centesis of the bursa of the biceps brachii tendon of horses

REASONS FOR PERFORMING STUDY: Centesis of the bicipital bursa using an 8.9 cm long spinal needle has been reported but the alternative of employing a 3.8 cm long hypodermic needle requires validation. OBJECTIVE: To compare the efficacy of 2 different methods of centesis of the bicipital bursa and to evaluate the usefulness of ultrasonographic imaging to determine the location of solution administered when centesis of the bursa is attempted. METHODS: For Trial 1, 6 clinicians, who had no previous experience of centesis of the bicipital bursa, attempted to inject a solution composed of an aqueous radiopaque contrast medium and physiological saline solution (PSS) into the bicipital bursae of 2/12 horses using the previously described distal approach to inject one bursa and a proximal approach to inject the contralateral bursa. The bicipital tendon and bursa were examined ultrasonographically before and after injection; and both shoulders were examined radiographically to identify the location of the medium. In Trial 2, another 6 clinicians, also with no previous experience of centesis, repeated Trial 1, using 6 horses, but the radiopaque contrast medium was mixed with air instead of PSS. RESULTS: Accuracy of centesis using the proximal approach was 39% and that of the distal approach 28%. Ultrasonographic examination of the shoulder allowed the location of solution and air to be accurately predicted in all 12 shoulders examined. CONCLUSIONS: Clinicians who have had no previous experience performing centesis of the bicipital bursa are unlikely to be successful in centesis using either approach. Radiographic examination after injecting a radiopaque contrast medium may be necessary to assess the success of centesis especially if bursal fluid is not obtained during centesis. Injecting air along with the radiopaque contrast medium provides more accurate ultrasonographic confirmation of centesis and better radiographic definition than does injection without air.     

不同样本商品蜂蜜中硒含量的测定

用硝酸和高氯酸消化蜂蜜,使硒游离出来,在微酸性环境下,硒和2,3-二氨基萘(DAN)生成有较强荧光的物质,用环己烷萃取,在激发波长378nm,荧光波长518nm处测定其荧光强度。蜂蜜中硒含量范围:0.10～0.82μg/g。表明:蜂蜜应视为天然富硒营养品。     

乳酸杆菌益生作用机制的研究进展

乳酸杆菌作为益生菌广泛用于人和动物。本文综述了乳酸杆菌改善宿主健康的机制。乳酸杆菌可通过产生抗菌物质如乳酸、过氧化氢、细菌素,或者通过竞争营养或肠道黏附位点来抑制致病菌;通过诱导黏附素的分泌或阻止细胞凋亡而增强肠道的屏障功能,从而保护肠道。文章重点讨论了乳酸杆菌表面成分（表面蛋白、脂磷壁酸和肽聚糖）与肠道受体（Ｃ型凝集素受体、Ｔｏｌｌ样受体和 Ｎｏｄ样受体）,阐述了他们结合后启动免疫调节信号,调控肠道免疫功能以发挥改善健康作用的机制。     

Effects of size of ingestively masticated fragments of plant tissues on kinetics of digestion of NDF

Ingestively masticated fragments were collected and sized via sieving. Different sizes of esophageal masticate and ruminal digesta fragments, and ground fragments of larger masticated pieces were incubated in vitro, and undigested NDF remaining at intervals of up to 168 h of incubation was determined. The ruminal age-dependent time delay (tau) for onset of digestion of NDF was positively correlated (P < 0.004) with the mean sieve aperture estimated to retain 50% of the fragments between successive sieve apertures (MRA). Degradation rate of potentially degradable NDF (PDF) and level of indigestible NDF were not related (P > 0.10) to MRA of masticated and ground fragments. Estimates of tau were positively related to MRA, with slopes of bermudagrass < corn silage < ruminal fragments of corn silage. It was concluded that fragment size-, and consequently, ruminal age-dependent onset of PDF degradation of a mixture of different fragment sizes results in an age-dependent rate of degradation of the more rapidly degrading of two subentities of PDF. Models are proposed that assume a tau before onset of simultaneous degradation of PDF from two pools characterized as having gamma-modeled age-dependency and age-constant rates. The ruminal age-dependent pool seems to be associated with the faster-degrading pool, and its rate parameter increases with range in MRA in the population of fragments. Conceptually, the ruminal age-dependent rate parameter for PDF degradation seems to represent a composite of several effects: 1) effects of the size-dependent tau; 2) range in MRA of the population of ingestively masticated fragments; and 3) subentities of PDF that degrade via more rapid age-dependent rates compared with subentities of PDF that degrade via age-constant rates. The estimated fractional rates of ruminative comminution of ingestively masticated fragments (0.060 to 0.075/h) were of a magnitude similar to the mean fractional rates of PDF digestion (0.030 to 0.085/h), which implies that ruminative comminution may be first-limiting to fractional rate of PDF digestion. The in vivo roles of ingestive and ruminative mastication of fragments on PDF degradation must be considered in any kinetic system for estimating PDF digestion in the rumen. These results and others in the literature suggest that the rate of surface area exposure rather than intrinsic chemical attributes of PDF may be first-limiting to degradation rate of PDF in vivo.