云南省彝良县畜牧业生产现状及发展建议

畜牧业是彝良县人民增收致富的主要途径.近年来,彝良县坚持以市场为导向,以效益为中心,以结构调整为主线,以科技进步为动力,以推进畜牧业产业化经营为重点,有力地促进了全县畜牧业稳步健康发展.2009年,彝良县畜牧业总产值达到5.02亿元,仅此一项就让全县农民人均增收104元,比2007年的362万元增长了13.87倍.2010年上半年,彝良县畜牧产值达2.98亿元,占年度总计划目标的56%,畜牧业发展势头良好.     

玉溪农民的增收与畜牧业发展问题思考

云南省玉溪市畜牧业在农村经济中形成了"三分天下有其一"的格局,2000年全市畜牧业产值占农业总产值的30.61%,农民人均畜牧业收入574.7元,比1999年增加52.9元;农民人均在畜牧业上增加纯收入31.74元,占农民人均增收的39.7%,畜牧业在农民增收中所起的作用越来越大.本文就发展我市畜牧业、增加农民收入要着重解决好的几个问题作一初步探讨.     

发展标准化养殖是实现畜牧业可持续发展的必由之路

畜牧业作为国民经济的重要组成部分,为促进国民经济的发展和提高人民生活水平做出了积极贡献.在我市,畜牧业已成为农业增效、农民增收的挑大梁产业.自2007年畜牧业产值突破百亿元大关后,2011年畜牧业产值突破＂双百亿＂,达240亿元,占大农业总产值近三分之一,居全省第一.其中,家禽、生猪已分别发展成为2个百亿元产业.随着畜牧业快速发展,由于养殖场对环境污染治理的乏力,环境污染情况日趋严重.养殖污染严重,已成为畜牧业可持续发展的瓶颈.     

浅谈越西畜牧业

1越西畜牧业发展回顾 近年来,越西县畜牧业在县委、县政府的高度重视下,坚持科技增效、立草为业、突出发展的指导思想,按照"稳定生猪、主攻草畜"的发展思路,加大畜牧业经济结构调整力度,实现畜牧业生产持续健康发展.2003年全县四畜存栏达到56.09万头(只),较上年增长4.7%;四畜出栏35.57万头(只),较上年增长14.4%;全县畜牧业产值达到2.05亿元,较上年增长9.7%;畜牧业产值占农业总产值的51.02%.农民人均纯收入1 547元中,畜牧业收入占719元,畜牧业贡献率达46.4%.越西县畜牧业经济取得较好的成绩,主要抓了以下几个方面的工作.     

全力提升水平奋力加快发展为建设中原经济区提供有力支撑——李孟顺同志在全省畜牧工作会议上的讲话(摘要)

一、充分肯定成绩,坚定推动畜牧业科学发展的信心 (一)畜牧业地位更加突出.预计2010年全省畜牧业实现产值将达到1800亿元,比上年增长8.8%,比"十一五"初的2006年增长68.6%,年递增13.9%,占全省GDP2.2万亿元的8.2%.其中鹤壁市畜牧业产值达到45.7亿元,占农业总产值的比重达到58.2%.     

让畜牧业成为新农村建设的“加速器”——访四川省达州市畜牧食品局局长李采明

春华秋实,岁月如歌. 党的十一届三中全会以来,四川省达州市的畜牧业呈现一片盎然生机,掀起了一个又一个的发展新高潮.养殖户焕发活力,养殖业焕发青春.近年来,达州的畜牧业现代化、产业化进程不断加快,畜牧业科技不断普及,养殖户组织化程度逐步提高.今天的达州,畜牧业总产值已达到160.6亿元,占农业总产值的52.5%,其增加值占全市GDP的1/7;农民人均牧业收入746.9元,占全市农民人均收入近1/5.畜牧业已成为达州市农业的支柱产业和农民增收的主要来源.     

调整结构打造精品推动现代畜牧业健康发展

近年来,克拉玛依市畜牧工作按照传统畜牧业改造提升、现代畜牧业开拓创新的思路,取得了一定的成绩.2009年畜牧业产值实现2.2亿元,占农业总产值的30.5%;农牧民人均收入达7186元,国营牧场牧民人均收入达6189元.产业布局逐步趋于合理,产业发展实现新突破,地产乳品和生猪供应均占本地市场的70%以上.连续5年实现无重大动物疫情.畜产品质量安全实现了全面监管,获得自治区无公害畜产品产地认定15个、农业部无公害畜产品认证7个.国营牧场的牧民实现了牧民定居.     

兽药残留:要不要建省级监督机构

一建立"兽药残留监控机构"的必要性 四川是畜牧业大省,也是全国五大牧区之一.畜牧业已成为了四川农村经济和国民经济的重要支柱.畜牧业产值已占到了农业总产值的45%左右.1999年已达359亿元.     

三晋大地看畜牧系列报道之四跨跃式发展:看晋中如何兑现?——访山西省晋中市畜牧中心主任连怀祥

晋中市“九五”畜牧业实现跨跃式发展,2000年猪饲养量162.5万头,占全省的1/6.6;鸡饲养量1666万只,占全省的1/5.6;禽蛋产量9079万公斤,占全省的1/4;畜产品综合产量18084.7万公斤,占全省1/6,居全省第一;畜牧业产值8.6亿元;畜牧业收入17.5亿元;人均畜牧业纯收入达408元,比1995年翻一番.他们是如何兑现的呢?记者就此采访了山西省晋中市畜牧中心连怀祥主任.     

河北省加快畜牧业增长方式转变的制约因素分析

改革开放以来,河北省畜牧业取得了令人瞩目的成就.2005年河北省畜牧业实现产值1 100亿元,比2004年增长6%,畜牧业产值占全省农林牧渔总产值的比重达到45%,比2004年提高1.3%.     

癸氧喹酯干混悬剂含量测定的改进

采用高效液相色谱法测定癸氧喹酯干混悬剂的含量,在2-250μg/mL范围内,峰面积的常用对数与进样量浓度的常用对数呈良好的线性关系,R^2=1(n=5),平均回收率为99.24%~99.51%,RSD在0.05%~0.28%。此方法分析时间短,样品前处理简便、定量结果准确,重现性好,结果满意,为其质量控制提供了依据。     

商会自治的基石——商会自治规范研究

在现代法律秩序中,商会自治规范是制定法的基础和必要的补充,甚至在某些方面替代了制定法;商会自治规范主要包括商会组织规范、行为规范、惩罚规范以及争端解决规范等;其效力仅及于其内部成员;商会自治规范和制定法之间存在冲突,但也存在整合的基础。     

猪毛色遗传的研究进展

本文概述了猪的毛色类型、猪的毛色遗传模式,着重综述了猪毛色基因分子基础的研究进展,指出存在问题并就未来发展方向做了思考。     

中华人民共和国农业部公告 第267号

为贯彻落实《兽药生产质量管理规范》(简称《兽药GMP》),进一步推动兽药GMP实施进程,我部制定了《兽药生产质量管理规范检查验收办法》,现予公告。本公告自2003年6月1日起施行。附件:兽药生产质量管理规范检查验收办法二○○三年四月十日第一章 总则 第一条 为推动《兽药生产质量管理规范》(以下简称兽药GMP)的实施,规范兽药GMP检查验收工作,制定本办法。 第二条 农业部负责全国兽药GMP管理和检查验收工作;负责制修订兽药GMP检查验收管理规定;负责兽药GMP检查员队伍建设和监督管理工作,负责国际兽药贸易中GMP互认工作。 …     

鸡败血支原体垂直传播模式及其阻断方法

以国际标准强毒Ｒ株人工感染非免疫产蛋鸡,定时扑杀,分别从鼻窦、眶下孔、气管、肺、气囊、卵巢和输卵管分离ＭＧ,并收集感染鸡所产蛋分离ＭＧ。结果表明,人工感染４８小时后上、下呼吸道及肺已被全面感染,９６小时气囊已被感染,１２０小时输卵管已能分离到ＭＧ,卵巢始终分离不到ＭＧ。人工感染鸡自１４４小时便能在其所产蛋中分离出ＭＧ。药物治疗能在７２小时内消除感染,油乳剂苗则需２４天后逐渐降低蛋内ＭＧ分离率,药物卵内注射、种蛋药浴、高温处理均能杀死卵内ＭＧ,但以研制的种蛋浸泡剂药浴效果为最好。     

Comparison of 2 methods of centesis of the bursa of the biceps brachii tendon of horses

REASONS FOR PERFORMING STUDY: Centesis of the bicipital bursa using an 8.9 cm long spinal needle has been reported but the alternative of employing a 3.8 cm long hypodermic needle requires validation. OBJECTIVE: To compare the efficacy of 2 different methods of centesis of the bicipital bursa and to evaluate the usefulness of ultrasonographic imaging to determine the location of solution administered when centesis of the bursa is attempted. METHODS: For Trial 1, 6 clinicians, who had no previous experience of centesis of the bicipital bursa, attempted to inject a solution composed of an aqueous radiopaque contrast medium and physiological saline solution (PSS) into the bicipital bursae of 2/12 horses using the previously described distal approach to inject one bursa and a proximal approach to inject the contralateral bursa. The bicipital tendon and bursa were examined ultrasonographically before and after injection; and both shoulders were examined radiographically to identify the location of the medium. In Trial 2, another 6 clinicians, also with no previous experience of centesis, repeated Trial 1, using 6 horses, but the radiopaque contrast medium was mixed with air instead of PSS. RESULTS: Accuracy of centesis using the proximal approach was 39% and that of the distal approach 28%. Ultrasonographic examination of the shoulder allowed the location of solution and air to be accurately predicted in all 12 shoulders examined. CONCLUSIONS: Clinicians who have had no previous experience performing centesis of the bicipital bursa are unlikely to be successful in centesis using either approach. Radiographic examination after injecting a radiopaque contrast medium may be necessary to assess the success of centesis especially if bursal fluid is not obtained during centesis. Injecting air along with the radiopaque contrast medium provides more accurate ultrasonographic confirmation of centesis and better radiographic definition than does injection without air.     

不同样本商品蜂蜜中硒含量的测定

用硝酸和高氯酸消化蜂蜜,使硒游离出来,在微酸性环境下,硒和2,3-二氨基萘(DAN)生成有较强荧光的物质,用环己烷萃取,在激发波长378nm,荧光波长518nm处测定其荧光强度。蜂蜜中硒含量范围:0.10～0.82μg/g。表明:蜂蜜应视为天然富硒营养品。     

乳酸杆菌益生作用机制的研究进展

乳酸杆菌作为益生菌广泛用于人和动物。本文综述了乳酸杆菌改善宿主健康的机制。乳酸杆菌可通过产生抗菌物质如乳酸、过氧化氢、细菌素,或者通过竞争营养或肠道黏附位点来抑制致病菌;通过诱导黏附素的分泌或阻止细胞凋亡而增强肠道的屏障功能,从而保护肠道。文章重点讨论了乳酸杆菌表面成分（表面蛋白、脂磷壁酸和肽聚糖）与肠道受体（Ｃ型凝集素受体、Ｔｏｌｌ样受体和 Ｎｏｄ样受体）,阐述了他们结合后启动免疫调节信号,调控肠道免疫功能以发挥改善健康作用的机制。     

Effects of size of ingestively masticated fragments of plant tissues on kinetics of digestion of NDF

Ingestively masticated fragments were collected and sized via sieving. Different sizes of esophageal masticate and ruminal digesta fragments, and ground fragments of larger masticated pieces were incubated in vitro, and undigested NDF remaining at intervals of up to 168 h of incubation was determined. The ruminal age-dependent time delay (tau) for onset of digestion of NDF was positively correlated (P < 0.004) with the mean sieve aperture estimated to retain 50% of the fragments between successive sieve apertures (MRA). Degradation rate of potentially degradable NDF (PDF) and level of indigestible NDF were not related (P > 0.10) to MRA of masticated and ground fragments. Estimates of tau were positively related to MRA, with slopes of bermudagrass < corn silage < ruminal fragments of corn silage. It was concluded that fragment size-, and consequently, ruminal age-dependent onset of PDF degradation of a mixture of different fragment sizes results in an age-dependent rate of degradation of the more rapidly degrading of two subentities of PDF. Models are proposed that assume a tau before onset of simultaneous degradation of PDF from two pools characterized as having gamma-modeled age-dependency and age-constant rates. The ruminal age-dependent pool seems to be associated with the faster-degrading pool, and its rate parameter increases with range in MRA in the population of fragments. Conceptually, the ruminal age-dependent rate parameter for PDF degradation seems to represent a composite of several effects: 1) effects of the size-dependent tau; 2) range in MRA of the population of ingestively masticated fragments; and 3) subentities of PDF that degrade via more rapid age-dependent rates compared with subentities of PDF that degrade via age-constant rates. The estimated fractional rates of ruminative comminution of ingestively masticated fragments (0.060 to 0.075/h) were of a magnitude similar to the mean fractional rates of PDF digestion (0.030 to 0.085/h), which implies that ruminative comminution may be first-limiting to fractional rate of PDF digestion. The in vivo roles of ingestive and ruminative mastication of fragments on PDF degradation must be considered in any kinetic system for estimating PDF digestion in the rumen. These results and others in the literature suggest that the rate of surface area exposure rather than intrinsic chemical attributes of PDF may be first-limiting to degradation rate of PDF in vivo.