鱼类配子和胚胎冷冻保存研究进展及前景展望

种质资源是水产养殖生产、优良品种培育及水产养殖业可持续发展的重要物质基础。我国是一个水生生物种质资源较为丰富的国家 ,丰富多样的水生生物种质资源和遗传多样性对于我国水产养殖业的快速发展起到了非常重要的作用。然而 ,由于渔业资源的过度捕捞、无序利用及人工放流等 ,造成了某些鱼类资源的衰退和濒临灭绝 ,如不及时采取保护措施 ,若干年后 ,在自然界中将难以找到上述鱼类原种、良种的遗传资源 ;由于忽视鱼类种质保护及品种选育的工作 ,养殖鱼类近亲交配越来越严重 ,造成种质退化 ,遗传多样性减少 ,生长速度减缓 ,品质下降 ,对病害…

Progress and prospect of cryopreservation of fish gametes and embryos

The current status and importance of preserving fish germplasm resources were described. The basic principle of cryobiology and its application potentials in preservation of aquatic germplasm resources were examined. The mechanism of cryodamage was discussed. The recent advances and major problems in finfish gamete and embryo cryopreservation were reviewed. The prospects for cryopreservation research in fish gametes and embryos were looked into. The important research directions in cryopreservation of aquatic organisms were proposed.