| 重庆稻油轮作区土壤养分状况评价 |
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| 引用本文： | 杨崛园,方艺,委亚庆,何竞舟,张世浩,赵敬坤,付登伟,黄秀芬,刘邦银,李泽慧,习向银.重庆稻油轮作区土壤养分状况评价[J].土壤,2022,54(5):936-944. |
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| 作者姓名： | 杨崛园 方艺 委亚庆 何竞舟 张世浩 赵敬坤 付登伟 黄秀芬 刘邦银 李泽慧 习向银 |
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| 作者单位： | 西南大学资源环境学院，土肥资源高效利用重庆市重点实验室,西南大学资源环境学院，土肥资源高效利用重庆市重点实验室,西南大学资源环境学院，土肥资源高效利用重庆市重点实验室,西南大学资源环境学院，土肥资源高效利用重庆市重点实验室,西南大学资源环境学院，土肥资源高效利用重庆市重点实验室,重庆市农业技术推广总站,重庆市南川区农业推广中心,重庆市永川粮油作物技术推广站,重庆市合川区农业技术推广站,西南大学资源环境学院，土肥资源高效利用重庆市重点实验室,西南大学资源环境学院，土肥资源高效利用重庆市重点实验室 |
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| 基金项目： | 国家重点研发项目(2017YFD0200100), 绿肥产业体系项目 (CARS-22)资助。 |
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| 摘 要： | 近年来，重庆市稻油轮作区存在施肥不当导致肥料利用率低、生态环境恶化等问题，这制约了水稻和油菜的健康生产。土壤养分状况与肥力评价是合理施肥的重要依据。本文在重庆稻油轮作区南川、永川和合川典型样田进行耕层土壤样品采集，并测定土壤有机质和全量及速效氮磷钾等20个养分指标来表征土壤肥力，同时采用SPSS软件进行因子-聚类分析，将所有样本的IFI值（土壤养分综合评价值）分为5个等级并进行土壤肥力评价。结果表明，三个稻油轮作区土壤酸化严重，有机质和总磷及有效磷含量较低，总氮、碱解氮、交换性钙和交换性镁及绝大多数微量元素丰富，但有效硼含量缺乏。因子分析显示有效硼、碱解氮、有机质、速效钾、交换性钾、有效磷、pH和交换性钙是影响重庆稻油轮作区土壤肥力的主要因素。土壤养分综合评价值IFI的聚类分析表明，重庆稻油轮作区土壤肥力表现为南川>永川>合川，且南川以中高肥力为主，永川和合川以低肥力为主。
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| 关 键 词： | 稻油轮作 因子分析 聚类分析 土壤养分 |
| 收稿时间： | 2021/10/12 0:00:00 |
| 修稿时间： | 2022/1/24 0:00:00 |
Evaluation of Soil Nutrient Status in Rice-oilseed Rape Rotation Area of Chongqing |
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| YANG Jueyuan,FANG Yi,WEI Yaqing,HE Jingzhou,ZHANG Shihao,ZHAO Jingkun,FU Dengwei,HUANG Xiufen,LIU Bangyin,LI Zehui,XI Xiangyin.Evaluation of Soil Nutrient Status in Rice-oilseed Rape Rotation Area of Chongqing[J].Soils,2022,54(5):936-944. |
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| Authors: | YANG Jueyuan FANG Yi WEI Yaqing HE Jingzhou ZHANG Shihao ZHAO Jingkun FU Dengwei HUANG Xiufen LIU Bangyin LI Zehui XI Xiangyin |
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| Institution: | Key Laboratory of Efficient Utilization of Soil and Fertilizer Resources, College of Resource and Environments, Southwest University,Key Laboratory of Efficient Utilization of Soil and Fertilizer Resources, College of Resource and Environments, Southwest University,Key Laboratory of Efficient Utilization of Soil and Fertilizer Resources, College of Resource and Environments, Southwest University,Key Laboratory of Efficient Utilization of Soil and Fertilizer Resources, College of Resource and Environments, Southwest University,Key Laboratory of Efficient Utilization of Soil and Fertilizer Resources, College of Resource and Environments, Southwest University,The Agricultural Technology Extension Station of Chongqing,The Agricultural Extension Center of Nanchuan District,Grain and Oil Crop technology Extension Station of Yongchuan District,The Agricultural Technology Extension Station of Hechuan District,Key Laboratory of Efficient Utilization of Soil and Fertilizer Resources, College of Resource and Environments, Southwest University,Key Laboratory of Efficient Utilization of Soil and Fertilizer Resources, College of Resource and Environments, Southwest University |
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| Abstract: | In recent years, there are some problems in rice-rape rotation area of Chongqing, such as improper fertilization, low fertilizer utilization rate and deterioration of ecological environment, which restrict the healthy production of rice and rape. The evaluation of soil nutrient status and fertility is an important basis for rational fertilization. In this paper, the topsoil soil samples were collected from the typical sample fields of Nanchuan, Yongchuan and Hechuan in the rice-rape rotation area of Chongqing, and 20 nutrient indexes such as soil OM, total amount and available N, P and K were measured to characterize soil fertility. At the same time, factor cluster analysis was carried out by SPSS software. The IFI value (comprehensive evaluation value of soil nutrients) of all samples was divided into 5 grades and soil fertility was evaluated. The results showed that the soil in the three rice-rape rotation areas was seriously acidified, the contents of OM, TP and AP were low, and the contents of TN, AN, ECa, EMg and most trace elements were rich, but the content of AB was lack. Factor analysis showed that AB, AN, OM, AK, EK, AP, pH and ECa were the main factors affecting soil fertility in Chongqing rice-rape rotation area. The cluster analysis of soil comprehensive evaluation value of soil nutrients IFI showed that the soil fertility in Chongqing rice-rape rotation area was Nanchuan higher than Yongchuan, and Yongchuan higher Hechuan, and Nanchuan was mainly medium and high fertility, Yongchuan and Hechuan were mainly low fertility. |
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| Keywords: | Rice-rape rotation factor analysis cluster analysis soil nutrients |
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