水稻与冬小麦对臭氧的反应及其敏感性试验研究

利用OTC－1型开顶式气室对我国主要粮食作物水稻、小麦进行不同O3浓度的长期接触试验结果表明，O3浓度增加可促进水稻发育，小麦前期发育缓慢，后期衰老加快。水稻和小麦灌浆期缩短、株高下降；随着通气时间的延长，干物质量降低。小麦叶片含水率呈抛物线型下降，但对水稻影响不大；在同样高浓度O3环境下水稻叶片受害较小麦晚、发展慢；O3浓度增加，单株产量和千粒重下降，且小麦减产幅度大于水稻，小麦对O3的反应比水稻敏感。

The reaction and sensitivity experiment of O3 on rice and winter wheat

The long-term experiments of different O₃ concentrations on main food crops in China are conducted by using OTC-1 top-opened chambers. The results show that increasing O₃ concentration would promote rice development. The winter wheat development would be slow in early days,but fast in late time. The milk duration and plant height of rice and wheat would be shortened. The dry biomass would be decreased with the prolong of ventilation time. The water content in leaf of winter wheat would be decreased as parabola type,but there is small impact on rice. Under the same higher O₃ concentration environment,the beginning date of rice leaf injured by ozone was later than winter wheat,and the injury development slowl. With the O₃ concentration increasing,the yield of per plant and thousand grains weight would be decreased,and the loss scale of winter wheat yield by ozone is greater than that of rice. The reaction of winter wheat to O₃ concentration is more sensitive than that of rice.