The effects of azadirachtin and nucleopolyhedrovirus on midgut enzymatic profile of Spodoptera litura Fab. (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae)

The effects of azadirachtin (AZA) and nucleopolyhedrovirus (NPV) on midgut enzyme activity in Spodoptera litura Fabricius (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) (Tobacco cutworm) were evaluated. Gut enzyme activities were decreased by AZA and NPV individually and in combination. When S. litura larvae were fed a diet of castor leaves treated with AZA and NPV in bioassays, gut enzyme—acid phosphatases, alkaline phosphatases, adenosine triphosphatases, and lactate dehydrogenase—activities were decreased. There were statistically significant differences (P ? 0.05) in enzyme activities between combined and individual treatment. A synergistic effect of botanical insecticides and virus was found when combined in low doses. These effects are most pronounced in early instars. Maximum weight loss (59-72%) occurred, when AZA and NPV were combined.     

A Model of Venture Capital Project''s NPV Formula with Introducing Debt Capital

Improves investment decision method NPV method by introducing risk. This paper CAPM and certainty equivalent wealthare applied because of NCF'S volatility of venture capital projects, on the basis of which, debt capital is introduced. the dissertation derives a levered risky project's NPV formula, which broadens applying range and lessens constrain conditions. For risky projects investment decision, the research provides a new theoretical basis.     

Biological activity and characterization of nucleopolyhedrovirus isolates ofSpodoptera litura

Geographical isolates ofSpodoptera litura (Fabricius) (Noctuidae: Lepidoptera) nucleopolyhedrovirus (SpltNPV), collected from different parts of India and maintained at Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, were compared for their biological activity and subjected to Restriction Endonuclease (REN) analysis. Neonate and second instar bioassay studies revealed similarity in biological activity as shown by the overlapping fiducial limits of LC₅₀ values. However, there were differences in yield among isolates: significantly higher yields were obtained from isolates UAS and CBE than from the BARC isolate. REN analysis of the four isolates withPst I,Hind III,Bam HI andEco RI enzymes indicated genotypic variation among the isolates. Based on the commonality of the bands, the isolates could be broadly divided into two groups: isolates AU and CBE formed one group, and the other group comprised UAS and BARC based on genetic relatedness. http://www.phytoparasitica.org posting Nov. 21, 2005.     

性信息素加病毒诱芯技术的风洞试验

性信息素加病毒诱芯技术的风洞试验赵博光，杨秀莲，柯立明（南京林业大学南京２１００３７）关键词自传播技术，性信息素，核型多角体病毒，风洞，大袋蛾Ｉｇｎｏｆｆｏ将有目的地利用昆虫本身传播昆虫病原生物以控制害虫种群的方法，定义为自传播法或自传播技术［１］。...     

An analysis of a silvopastoral system for the marginal land in the Southeast United States

Almost 20 million acres of non-forest cropland in the South can be classified as marginal. Demand projections for forest products call for a 40 percent increase by year 2030. Recent regenerated tree acres lag behind harvested acres. Multiple land use practices combining trees and grazing adjust cash flows forward mitigating negative flow period associated with conventional forest production. Profit opportunities for private, non-industrial landowners can be increased by ranking inputs in order of changes to net present value(NPV). A sensitivity analysis of an agroforestry scenario, including trees, beef cattle, and pasture, allows producers to concentrate management efforts where returns are greatest. Model results show greatest returns to NPV was realized from improvement to Chip-N-Saw income. The least increase in NPV came when the cost of control burns was changed.     

净现值法在林分经济成熟中的应用探讨

利用微观经济学手段,对林分生长过程进行了经济分析.根据林分经济成熟的内涵,结合林学知识,分析了净现值法在林分经济成熟中的应用.     

甘兰夜蛾核型多角体82—17病毒株对裸鼠感染性的研究

甘兰夜蛾核型多角体NPV82—17病毒株,经腹腔、静脉、口服感染裸鼠.被感染裸鼠9—37天的脏器经电镜观察,其肝、脾的枯否细胞和网状细胞的胞浆内都存有1至数个多角体.另将其脏器悬液回接靶昆虫棉铃虫,腹腔和静脉感染率为83—100%,口服感染率为7—77%.     

氯化汞对草地贪夜蛾sf9细胞及核型多角体病毒的损伤与致突变研究

目的试验以草地贪夜蛾细胞sf9作为受体,检测氯化汞对其生长发育的影响。方法采用台盼兰染料排斥法测定细胞活力,苏木素-伊红染色法检测细胞中的微核,对经氯化汞处理诱变的病毒AcMNPV的DNA进行PCR扩增,产物经测序后进行分子突变分析。结果sf9细胞在4μg·ml-1的氯化汞浓度作用下,其细胞表面变得粗糙,分裂生长减慢,当剂量增大到7μg·ml-1时,便可观察到一些细胞的细胞膜破裂,在9μg·ml-1时,某些细胞的完整性受到破坏。用苏木素-伊红染色法检测细胞中的微核现象时,9μg·ml-1氯化汞处理区的微核率高达6.8%,有些细胞出现三核甚至多核的核裂现象,反映部分细胞的完整性受到一定程度的损伤。AcMNPV病毒经氯化汞短时间处理后接种于sf9细胞,多角体在sf9细胞中的形成数目较对照区少,异常多角体的比例增加,抽提经氯化汞处理的AcMNPV的DNA,采取PCR技术进行扩增反应,对获得的扩增产物进行测序分析,发现DNA序列上的碱基有2处G→C、T→C的转换和碱基缺失的现象。结论一定剂量的氯化汞将会引起草地贪夜蛾sf9细胞及核型多角体病毒的损伤与致突变。     

八字地老虎核型多角体病毒对原始寄主及交互寄主甘蓝夜蛾幼虫的毒力测定

分别用５种浓度的八字地老虎核型多角体病毒（Ｘｃ－ｎＮＰＶ）悬液接种２龄八字地老虎幼虫和２龄甘蓝夜蛾幼虫。结果表示,两者的ＬＧ_（５０）和 ＬＴ_（５０）相差不大,可见Ｘｃ－ｎＮＰＶ对两者的毒力和潜伏期相当。用感染Ｘｃ－ｎＮＰＶ后致死的甘蓝夜蛾幼虫体内分离的病毒回接２龄八字地老虎幼虫,发现这一病毒对八字地老虎幼虫的毒力不高。