创伤弧菌FJ03-X2胞外产物对欧洲鳗鲡的致病性和免疫原性分析

以70%饱和硫酸铵盐析法制备鳗源创伤弧菌生物1型高致病菌株FJ03-X2的胞外产物(ECPs),攻毒试验表明,该ECPs对鳗鲡无致病力;SDS-PAGE分析表明,该ECPs由约36 ku为主的系列蛋白条带组成。制备ECPs的免疫刺激复合物(ISCOMs),以20μg/尾的剂量腹腔注射免疫规格为15~20 g/尾的欧洲鳗鲡,ELISA分析表明,21 d和28 d时的血清抗体效价约为1∶1 280,免疫印记显示,ECPs中分子量为36 ku以上的蛋白成份可被免疫欧洲鳗鲡血清所识别,是构成ECPs的主要免疫原;免疫保护试验表明,免疫欧洲鳗鲡显示出较高的免疫保护力。试验结果也显示出,单纯以ECPs等剂量腹腔注射免疫欧洲鳗鲡,不能激发欧洲鳗鲡产生较高滴度的血清抗体,免疫欧洲鳗鲡也未能产生有效的保护性免疫应答。     

应用双抗夹心ELISA法检测皱纹盘鲍致病病原—创伤弧菌的研究

以皱纹盘鲍脓足病致病病原－ － 创伤弧菌为抗原,制备兔抗血清,抗体纯化后以辣根过氧化物酶标记,建立检测创伤弧菌的双抗夹心ＥＬＩＳＡ 检测法。结果表明,双抗夹心ＥＬＩＳＡ 法有较高的灵敏度,可检出含菌１０４ 个／ｍｌ 的菌悬液。与创伤弧菌对照菌株有明显的阳性反应不与副溶血弧菌、溶藻胶弧菌、河流弧菌等８ 株对照菌株产生影响检测结果的交叉反应。应用该法检测３０ 份病鲍样品,阳性检出率为６６ ．７ ％ 。     

Occurrence and Control of Vibrio vulnificus in Shellfish

Abstract

Vibrio vulnificus is a ubiquitous marine bacterium frequently isolated from shellfish and associated with severe and often fatal disease in humans. Various control measures have been suggested in an effort to reduce the disease risk associated with V. vulnificus and aquatic food products. This paper reviews the current literature to describe the physiological and morphological characteristics of V. vulnifi-cus, the epidemiological aspects of the diseases caused by this organism, and the scientific and practical considerations associated with various strategies aimed at controlling V. vulnificus contamination in shellfish.     

罗非鱼创伤弧菌的分离鉴定和药敏试验

2010年春季广东、海南的养殖罗非鱼苗种出现较大范围的死亡现象,在广东珠海某罗非鱼养殖场的发病罗非鱼体上分离到一株病原菌ZH1。人工感染试验显示该分离菌株具有较强毒力,该病原菌经ATB 32E细菌鉴定系统鉴定和16S rRNA基因序列分析,确定为创伤弧菌(Vibrio vulnificus)。药敏试验结果显示,该菌株对诺氟沙星、头孢克洛、氧氟沙星和壮观霉素等19种试验药物敏感。本研究病原的鉴定与药物敏感性试验结果为罗非鱼病害的有效防控提供参考。     

灿烂弧菌和创伤弧菌的不同保存方法比较

比较了琼脂斜面、穿刺石蜡保存法和甘油冷冻冻存法保存灿烂弧菌和创伤弧菌的效果。结果表明,甘油冷冻冻存法和穿刺石蜡保存法的保存期显著比琼脂斜面法长,保存12月后各保存方法细菌的毒力都有不同程度的下降,甘油冷冻冻存法显著好于其它2种保存方法。     

Role of damaged mitochondria in Vibrio vulnificus induced dendritic cell apoptosis

AIM： To investigate the role of damaged mitochondria in dendritic cell (DC) apoptosis induced by Vibrio vulnificus (Vv) and its possible mechanism. METHODS：DC2.4 cells were co-cultured with Vv 1.1758 strain. Fluorescent probes DCFH-DA and Fluo-8-AM were used to detect reactive oxygen species (ROS) and intracellular Ca2+ concentration in the invaded cells, respectively. The cellular apoptotic rates and mitochondrial membrane potential (Δψm) were measured by flow cytometry. The expression of nuclear factor-kappa B p65 (NF-κB p65) and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) was detected by Western blotting. RESULTS： Vv 1.1758 induced DC2.4 cell apoptosis. Vv 1.1758 bacteria invaded into the DC2.4 cells by binding with cellular membrane though the end of the body. In the invaded DC2.4 cells, the visible mitochondrial damage, elevated ROS and intracellular Ca2+ levels, and declined Δψm were presented. After 1 h of co-culture, NF-κB p65 began to rise and reached the peak at 5 h, and then slightly decreased at 6 h. The TNF-α level increased after 2 h of co-culture and reached the peak at 6 h. CONCLUSION： The damaged mitochondria play an important role in DC apoptosis induced by Vv, and its possible mechanism may associate with the elevation of ROS and intracellular Ca2+ level, and the declined Δψm. Meanwhile, NF-κB p65 and TNF-α are potential critical signaling molecules in the process of apoptosis.     

Vibrio vulnificus serovar A: an emerging pathogen in European anguilliculture

The spread of the emerging pathogen Vibrio vulnificus biotype 2 serovar A in Danish anguilliculture is reported. Serovar A was originally isolated in a Spanish eel farm in 2000 and occurred in Denmark in the summer of 2004, affecting eels of 5-10 g body weight cultured in fresh water. The Danish eels showed clinical signs different from those reported for Spanish eels, such as severe haemorrhages in the head and gill region with necrosis of the soft tissues. Danish isolates were biochemically and serologically identical to Spanish serovar A strains and also highly virulent for eels by both intraperitoneal injection and immersion challenges. Vaccination with Vulnivaccine, a vaccine against V. vulnificus serovar E, cross-protected eels against serovar A. The LD(50) for experimentally infected vaccinated animals was significantly higher than for non-vaccinated animals.     

创伤弧菌铁调基因fur的原核表达及多克隆抗体制备

应用PCR方法克隆了创伤弧菌Vibrio vulnificus FJ03-X2株的铁调基因fur(Ferric uptake regulator),该基因片段大小为450bp,编码149个氨基酸;以pET32a为表达载体,构建了原核表达质粒pET32a-FUR,表达质粒测序结果表明目的基因与GenBank中报道的创伤弧菌fur基因的同源性达98%以上;诱导表达获得可溶性的重组表达蛋白rFUR。镍离子金属螯合亲和层析介质(Ni-NTA)纯化rFUR,SDS-PAGE电泳分析其分子量约33kD。以纯化后的融合蛋白rFUR为抗原,4次免疫SD大鼠,制备抗rFUR蛋白大鼠多克隆抗体。用ELISA方法检测鼠多克隆抗体的效价达到1∶256 000,表明融合蛋白rFUR具有良好的免疫原性。     

创伤弧菌外膜蛋白的分离及其抗原性分析

分别采用Sarkosyl和PMSF法分离、提取鳗源创伤弧菌FJ03-X2的外膜蛋白,并应用SDS-PAGE和Western-blotting分析比较两种方法提取的外膜蛋白的组分和抗原性。SDS-PAGE分析结果表明,Sarkosyl法分离的主要外膜蛋白分子量集中在14～66 kDa之间;而PMSF法分离的主要外膜蛋白分子量分布在14～92 kDa之间。在两种方法中,分子量38 kDa、36 kDa的外膜蛋白均为高丰度蛋白。两种方法提取的创伤弧菌外膜蛋白经SDS-PAGE后,用兔抗创伤弧菌FJ03-X2血清进行Western-blotting,结果显示,兔抗FJ03-X2高免血清能识别绝大多数外膜蛋白组分,说明FJ03-X2菌株的外膜蛋白具有良好的抗原性。其中,分子量分别为66kDa、47 kDa、44 kDa、38 kDa、36 kDa、34 kDa的外膜蛋白呈强阳性反应,是主要的免疫原组分。同时,经比较分析认为PMSF法提取创伤弧菌外膜蛋白的效果更好。     

Construction expression and immunogenicity of a novel trivalent outer membrane protein (OmpU-A-II) from three bacterial pathogens in Japanese eels (Anguilla japonica)

Vibrio vulnificus, Edwardsiella anguillarum and Aeromonas hydrophila are three common bacterial pathogens in cultivated eels. To protect farming eels from infection by these pathogens, a trivalent outer membrane protein (OMP) containing partial sequences of OmpU from V. vulnificus, OmpA from E. anguillarum and OmpII from A. hydrophila was expressed and purified; then, the OMP was used as a vaccine to immunize Japanese eels (Anguilla japonica). Whole-blood cell proliferation, antibody titres and complement and lysozyme activities were detected at different days post-immunization (dpi), and the relative per cent survival (RPS) was determined after eels were infected with V. vulnificus, E. anguillarum or A. hydrophila at 28 dpi. The results showed that the OMP significantly stimulates the antibody titres. At 14 days after the challenge (i.e. at 28 dpi), the RPS of OMP against V. vulnificus, E. anguillarum and A. hydrophila was 20%, 70% and 11.1%, respectively. The construction, expression and immunogenicity of a trivalent Omp were reported for the first time, and this study will provide a valuable reference for the development of fish multiplex vaccines.