楼房养猪空气过滤系统设计与应用

土地成本在集约化养殖总成本中占比越来越高,尤其是在城镇化大背景之下。如何显著提高养猪场土地利用率,摊平综合成本,提高土地亩均产出,是整个行业都在考虑的问题。2019年12月17日,自然资源部、农业农村部在《自然资源部农业农村部关于设施农业用地管理有关问题的通知》中指出:"养殖设施允许建设多层建筑",使楼房养猪得到政策支持,但是,配套的楼房养猪空气过滤系统成为亟待解决的问题。文章汲取既往养猪场空气过滤系统设计、应用中积累的经验,为楼房养猪空气过滤系统方案作出综合探究,阐述楼房养猪空气过滤系统设计的理论依据,以及实际应用中需要注意的问题,为逐步实现楼房养猪空气过滤系统标准化提供思路。     

一种新型气液分离器的设计

在食品发酵行业中压缩空气脱水不足会造成发酵染菌,同时发酵罐的发酵液随尾气排出罐体时,会造成生产产量降低及造成空气二次污染,加大发酵染菌机率,导致停产。针对行业需求,本文介绍了一种新型气液分离器,该设备与同类产品相比有较高的分离效率。      

重组白细胞介素-2高效纯化方法建立

依次通过离子交换法、凝胶过滤法纯化重组白细胞介素-2(IL-2)粗品,利用SDS-PAGE电泳和hIL-2 Elisa kit检测纯化后重组IL-2的纯度和浓度。结果表明,纯化后的重组IL-2纯度和浓度高。本纯化方法简单、稳定、纯化效果好,可为重组IL-2的生产工艺提供技术支持和依据。     

Pharmacokinetics of metoclopramide in calves with renal dysfunction

To clarify the effect of renal dysfunction on pharmacokinetics of the prokinetic agent metoclopramide (MCP), we administered intravenously 0.4 mg/kg MCP to healthy calves and calves subjected to right kidney vessel ligation (ligation) without or with a subsequent left nephrectomy (ligation plus removal). Plasma MCP concentration, glomerular filtration rate (GFR) and plasma prolactin level were measured by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry, simplified equation using iodixanol and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, respectively. Only in calves with ligation plus removal, plasma MCP concentrations were increased significantly 6, 8 and 12 hr after injection, showing that a negative correlation was observed between the plasma MCP concentrations and GFR value. A tendency to increase in plasma PRL concentration was noted also in these calves. In conclusions, plasma MCP concentrations depend on the GFR mode in calves, and its critical GFR value was estimated.     

普通滤池的运行技术管理

本文通过对双层滤料滤池在运行中的技术管理实践,提出了相应的运行管理经验。     

Delignification of cell walls of <Emphasis Type="Italic">Chamaecyparis obtusa</Emphasis> during alkaline nitrobenzene oxidation

To clarify the behavior of whole lignins in wood cell walls during alkaline nitrobenzene oxidation, the delignification process from cell walls in normal and compression woods of Chamaecyparis obtusa Endl. (Cupressaceae) was observed using ultraviolet and transmission electron microscopies. The lignin content conspicuously decreased to around 10% after 35min in normal wood. The lignin content in compression wood finally leveled off at aroumd 10% after 50min. In gel filtration of oxidation products in ethyl acetate, a high molecular weight fraction was prominent in extracts from the early stage of the reaction. As the oxidation progressed, the high molecular weight fraction became less prominent in both normal and compression wood. Changes in the weights of cell wall residues during reaction indicated that approximately half of the components other than lignin were also removed from the cell walls. This shows that the majority of lignin with relatively high molecular weight is removed from the cell walls together with polysaccharides in the early stage of the reaction and that further oxidative degradation occurs in solution in later stages. Only a small amount of the lignin with low molecular weight could be analyzed by gas chromatography.Parts of this report were presented at the 47th (Kochi, April 1997) and 48th (Shizuoka, April 1998) Annual Meetings of the Japan Wood Research Society, and at the Lignin Symposium, Sapporo, October 1997     

Biological filtration properties of selected herbs in an aquaponic system

This study was conducted to determine the biological filtration capabilities of some culinary herbs co‐cultured with lemon fin barb hybrid in a nutrient film technique (NFT) recirculating aquaponic system. Lemon fin barb hybrid (Hypsibarbus wetmorei ♂ × Barbonymus gonionotus ♀) fingerlings were stocked in twelve 2‐tonne fibreglass tanks at 25 fish per tank and co‐cultured with Chinese celery (Apium graveolens var. secalinum Alef.), coriander (Coriandrum sativum) and peppermint (Mentha × piperita) for seven weeks. The impacts of the waste generated by the fish on the water quality, the filtration capability of the herbs and the ability of fish and herbs to retain nutrients (NPK) were also estimated. All the herbs showed water purifying potentials to varying degrees as significantly lower levels of nitrogenous compounds (NH₃‐N, NO₃‐N, NO₂‐N) were observed after the herbal filtration. The plant growth seemed to be affected by their ability to absorb nutrients and consequently purify the culture medium. Interestingly, the lemon fin barb hybrid also showed significant differences in terms of weight gain, but the nutrient retention among fish treatments was not statistically different. The plants absorbed less phosphorus and potassium than the fish. After computing for the total system percentage of NPK recovered, nitrogen was the most retained nutrient. The peppermint showed superiority in terms of gross biomass and water purifying potential compared to the Chinese celery and coriander.     

快速滤过型净化法结合高效液相色谱-串联质谱同时检测人参中的5种农药残留

基于人参样品基质特点，采用快速滤过型净化法 (m-PFC) 结合高效液相色谱-串联质谱 (HPLC-MS/MS)，建立了人参中嘧菌酯、苯醚甲环唑、吡虫啉、茚虫威和噻嗪酮5种农药残留同时检测的分析方法。该方法具有较低的检出限 (0.03~0.18 μg/kg) 和定量限 (0.11~0.59 μg/kg)，其定量限较中国国家标准GB 2763—2016中规定的对人参中苯醚甲环唑和嘧菌酯的最大残留限量 (MRL) (0.5~1 mg/kg) 低3个数量级，5种农药的线性范围在1~500 μg/L之间。在2、10、50、100和300 μg/kg的添加水平下，方法的平均回收率均在76%~115%之间，相对标准偏差 (RSD) 均小于11%，回收率较好且方法稳定。与传统样品前处理方法相比，该方法具有操作简单、省时省力和灵敏度高等优点。将该方法应用于市售6份人参样品中5种农药残留的检测，结果未检出相应的农药残留。该方法为研发建立更快速、准确地检测人参中农药残留的方法提供了思路，也为后续中国国家标准修订人参中农药最大残留限量提供了参考。     

不同补水方式下砂壤土渗滤系统对硝态氮去除效果

在水资源短缺的北京地区利用再生水回补城市河湖,一方面对于水资源的可持续利用有着十分重要的作用,另一方面也可能带来地下水环境的潜在污染风险.该文采用100 cm砂壤土柱模拟(河湖岸底)土地渗滤系统,设置定水头淹水、交替淹水落干、定流速补水和侧向补水4种不同再生水回补方式,研究再生水中硝态氮(NO3-N)在土地渗滤系统中的去除效果和迁移转化规律.结果表明,当水力负荷在0.25~2.65 cm/d范围内时,渗滤系统对NO3-N的去除率随着水力负荷的增大而减小;侧向补水方式下渗滤系统对NO3-N的去除效果最优,平均去除率高达96.1%.在定水头淹水和侧向补水方式下,系统对NO3-N的去除主要发生在土柱的上部,而交替淹水落干和定流速补水条件下,土柱中下部对NO3-N也有一定的去除作用.渗滤系统对NO3-N的去除主要取决于系统内部微生物的分布情况,土层中的反硝化细菌数量越大,该土层对NO3-N的去除率就越高.当水温在15~32℃范围内变化时,定水头淹水和交替淹水落干补水方式下,系统对NO3-N的去除率与温度分别呈指数和幂函数关系.该研究表明土地渗滤系统可实现再生水的进一步净化处理,可为再生水安全回补河湖提供参考.     

《唐物语》对朱买臣故事的摄取与创新

《唐物语》第十九段对《汉书·朱买臣传》中朱买臣故事进行改编，因受众群体、文化差异、民族向性的不同，在改编过程中必然产生对母国文化信息的过滤与人物形象变异。以朱买臣故事东渐日本为线索，运用比较文学流传学与变异学，探究该文学作品对朱买臣故事的摄取与创新、朱买臣故事日本化的实现条件等，以期增进文学文化交流中的互读互解，避免因文学流变中信息过滤增删、形象失落变形而产生的民族心理与意识形态的误读。