Evaluation of a 4‐h static copper sulphate treatment against experimental infection of Flavobacterium columnare in channel catfish (Ictalurus punctatus)

The efficacy of copper sulphate (CuSO₄) against the early stages of an experimental acute infection of Flavobacterium columnare in channel catfish (Ictalurus punctatus) was evaluated. Fish were challenged, by waterborne exposure to F. columnare in an ultra‐low flow‐through water delivery system, and treated with CuSO₄ at 4.2 and 2.1 mg L^?1 at 5.5 h post challenge for 4 h. Bacterial challenged non‐treated fish acted as a positive control and non‐challenged non‐treated fish acted as a negative control. Fish challenged with F. columnare and treated with CuSO₄ at 4.2 and 2.1 mg L^?1 post challenge had mortalities of 6.4% and 18.3%, respectively, compared with the positive control, which had 90.2% mortality. The mortality of challenged fish treated with CuSO₄ at 4.2 and 2.1 mg L^?1 was significantly different from the positive control. There was no significant difference between the mortalities of the 4.2 and 2.1 mg L^?1 treatments. The results suggest that CuSO₄ has clear therapeutic value against columnaris infections.     

抗柱状黄杆菌多克隆抗体的制备及其免疫学特性鉴定

为制备抗柱状黄杆菌多克隆抗体,本研究利用颗粒性抗原免疫新西兰白兔,收集的抗血清通过辛酸-硫酸铵法纯化,采用间接ELISA法检测纯化后多克隆抗体的效价和交叉反应性。结果显示,制备的多克隆抗体蛋白质浓度为29.28 mg/mL,效价在1:6.4×10⁴以上,与迟钝爱德华氏菌、大肠杆菌、嗜水气单胞菌、鳗弧菌、溶藻弧菌、副溶血弧菌及哈维氏弧菌等水生动物致病菌均无交叉反应。本研究成功建立了抗柱状黄杆菌多克隆抗体的制备方法,可用于柱状黄杆菌的快速检测。     

柱状黄杆菌胶体金免疫层析快速检测方法的建立

为建立一种通过胶体金免疫层析技术快速检测柱状黄杆菌的方法,试验采用柠檬酸三钠还原法制备粒径为20 nm的胶体金颗粒,将其标记纯化的抗柱状黄杆菌单克隆抗体(McAb)制备出金标抗体结合垫。纯化的兔抗柱状黄杆菌多克隆抗体(PcAb)和羊抗鼠IgG分别包被在硝酸纤维素膜的检测线(T)与质控线(C)上,制备出胶体金免疫层析试纸条,并对试纸条的灵敏度、特异性及稳定性进行测定。结果显示,该试纸条检测灵敏度为1×10³ CFU,检测时间为3.5 min,制备的试纸条与迟钝爱德华氏菌、大肠杆菌、嗜水气单胞菌、鳗弧菌、溶藻弧菌、副溶血弧菌、哈维氏弧菌均无交叉反应,且稳定性好。本研究首次成功建立了柱状黄杆菌胶体金快速检测方法,所制备的试纸条具有灵敏、特异、稳定、快速等优点,可用于柱状黄杆菌的检测。     

斑点叉尾鮰对3种致病菌灭活菌苗的免疫应答

将经福尔马林灭活的柱状嗜纤维菌(Cytophaga columnaris)、嗜水气单胞菌(Aeromonas hydrophi-la)和叉尾鮰爱德华菌(Edwardsiella ictaluri)作为免疫原,分别接种斑点叉尾鮰(Ictalurus punctatusRafinsque)后,通过测定受免鱼的交叉凝集抗体效价、头肾和血液中吞噬细胞的吞噬活性及用A.hydrophila活菌攻毒的方法,探讨了斑点叉尾鮰对3种灭活菌苗的免疫应答状况。试验结果表明,对斑点叉尾鮰经腹腔注射接种3种灭活菌苗能刺激受免鱼产生较强的免疫应答,受免鱼产生了对3种致病菌的特异性凝集抗体和交叉凝集抗体,与未接种菌苗的对照鱼相比,受免鱼头肾和血液中吞噬细胞的吞噬活性明显上升,活菌攻毒的结果也证明了受免斑点叉尾鮰对C.columnaris,A.hydrophila和E.ictaluri产生了不同程度的相对免疫保护率(RPS)。     

不同方法提取的柱状嗜纤维菌脂多糖对鲤免疫活性的比较

采用不同方法提取的柱状嗜纤维菌脂多糖（ＬＰＳ）作为抗原、对鲤注射免疫后，通过测定受免鲤血清中凝集抗体效价、沉降抗体、白细胞吞噬活性和进行强毒攻击的方法，比较了不同方法提取ＬＰＳ的免疫原性，结果表明，Ｂｏｉｖｉｎ法和Ｐｈｅｎｏｌ－ｗａｔｅｒ法较ＥＤＴＡ法提取ＬＰＳ的免疫原性强，而Ｂｉｏｖｉｎ法和Ｐｈｅｎｏｌ－ｗａｔｅｒ法提取ＬＰＳ的免疫原性则没有明显差别。     

柱状黄杆菌双抗体夹心ELISA检测方法的建立

The aim of this study was to develop a rapid method for the detection of Flavobacterium columnaris based on a double antibody sandwich ELISA （DAS-ELISA）. Purified monoclonal antibody against Flavobacterium columnaris was used as the capture antibody, while polyclonal antibody was used as the detection antibody. The optimal conditions for the ELISA were as follows: monoclonal antibody with 0.08 μg per well was added to coat overnight at 4 ℃; the plate was blocked by 30 g/L bovin serum albumin for 90 min at 37 ℃; incubation concentration of polyclonal antibody was 0.11 μg per well; the incubation time for detection antigen, polyclonal antibody and enzyme labeled antibody was 1 h at 37 ℃ for each; the value of D_{492 nm} was obtained after 15 min coloration. Judging with P/N≥2.1 and D_{492 nm}≥0.776 as positive criteria. This method had no cross reaction with Edwardsiella tarda, E. coli, Aeromonas hydrophila, Vibrio anguillarum, Vibrio alginolyticus, Vibrio parahaemolyticus and Vibrio harveyi. Its minimum detectable limit was 1×10³ CFU. Therefore, this study provided a specific and sensitive detection method for Flavobacterium columnaris for the first time.     

Evaluation of the therapeutic effect of potassium permanganate at early stages of an experimental acute infection of Flavobacterium columnare in channel catfish,Ictalurus punctatus (Rafinesque)

The efficacy of potassium permanganate (KMnO₄) against the early stages of an experimental acute infection of Flavobacterium columnare in channel catfish, Ictalurus punctatus, was evaluated. Fish were experimentally challenged by waterborne exposure for 2 h to F. columnare after cutaneous abrasion, and treated with KMnO₄ at 2.0 mg L^?1 above the KMnO₄ demand at 0, 1, 2 or 4 h postchallenge for 24 h. Challenged non‐treated fish acted as a positive control and non‐challenged non‐treated fish acted as a negative control. Fish challenged and treated with KMnO₄ at 0, 1, 2 or 4 h postchallenge had mortalities of 26%, 63%, 64% and 83% respectively. The mortality of challenged fish treated with KMnO₄ at 0 h postchallenge (26%) was significantly less than the positive control (77%). The mortalities of challenged fish treated at 1, 2 or 4 h postchallenge were not significantly different from the positive control fish. The results suggest that KMnO₄ has a clear therapeutic value in early stages of columnaris infection but limited therapeutic value once the infection has progressed.     

草鱼细菌性烂鳃病病原的研究

从患细菌性烂鳃病的草鱼病灶分离得滑动细菌M_(165),经多次水中感染(及反复分离、再感染),能使草鱼及多种池塘鱼类显症、死亡。M_(165)的生物学特性与鱼害粘球菌相似,但不能用Dworkin法快速诱生小孢子。该菌DNA碱基比为35.3％,与粘球菌有明显差异,采用柱状屈桡杆菌学名Fiexibacter columnaris (Davis)Leadbetter。     

斑点叉尾鮰柱形病病原的分离鉴定及药敏试验

从网箱患柱形病的斑点叉尾鮰病灶中分离到一株细菌(YZ130310),经回归感染试验证实其具有高度致死性.经形态学观察、生理生化特性和16S rRNA基因序列分析鉴定,其主要特征为:革兰氏阴性,菌体细长、两端钝圆、弯曲或直的杆状,菌落浅黄色,边缘不整齐呈根须状;氧化酶、过氧化氢酶阳性,分解酪素和明胶,不分解纤维素、几丁质、酪氨酸、七叶灵和淀粉,硝酸盐还原阳性,吲哚和葡萄糖产气阴性.菌株的16S rRNA基因序列分析结果表明,菌株YZ130310与GenBank上登录的柱状黄杆菌(Flavobacterium Columnare)ATCC 49512株的16S rRNA序列同源性最高,其相似性达99.6％;在基于16S rRNA基因序列构建的系统发育树中,菌株YZ130310与柱状黄杆菌(AY095342)聚为一支.综合形态及生理生化特点和分子生物学的分类鉴定结果,菌株YZ130310可鉴定为柱状黄杆菌(F Columnare).16种抗菌药物的敏感性试验结果表明,菌株YZ130310对头孢哌酮等7种药物敏感,对阿米卡星和氧氟沙星2种药物中度敏感,对头孢氨苄等7种药物存在不同程度的耐药性.