以农林复合为核心的林业科技示范与推广研究

本文拟在通过实用技术组装，实施混农林业模式，达到既要治理已退化的石漠化生态环境，又要促进以调整结构品种为主的产业结构调整，使农民增产、增收，脱贫致富。     

Concentration of Serum Prealbumin (Pr) Protein in Sick Horses and Its Correlation to Blood Leucocyte Count and Albumin Content in Serum

Studies of Pr protein concentrations in sera of sick horses were carried out using Mancini et al.’s (1965) immunodiffusion technique. Relative values against a chosen standard of 100 % were determined for a total of 102 horses. Horses with acute infections had Pr protein values significantly above the normal. The highest individual Pr protein value recorded in this group was 202. Horses suffering from acute laminitis and malignant tumours also had increased Pr protein values.There was a positive correlation between the Pr protein value and the blood leucocyte count and a negative correlation between the Pr protein value and the albumin content in serum.     

绿僵菌高毒力菌株的选育

以金龟子绿僵菌为出发菌株,经物理、化学诱变,确定诱变条件.经诱变初筛时,采用在诱导培养基上测量单菌落大小及透明圈大小的方法,计算其比值,保留比值较大的菌株.再通过复筛测菌株弹性凝乳蛋白酶(Pr1)酶活获得一诱变菌株M6.该突变株产生Pr1活性比出发菌株提高1.10倍,在整个诱变过程中,以出发菌株,代号M原为对照.     

固氮链霉菌Streptomyces chartreusi WZS021接合转移系统的建立及优化

[目的]建立和优化固氮链霉菌Streptomyceschartreusi WZS021(简称菌株WZS021,下同)的接合转移体系,以丰富固氮链霉菌基因片段转移技术.[方法]以大肠杆菌Escherichiacoli ET12567(pUZ8002)为供体菌,携带整合型质粒pSET152的菌株WZS021为受体菌,进行菌株WZS021接合转移.[结果]选择高氏一号培养基为菌株WZS021接合转移培养基,50℃热激10 min,供受比为1:10,涂布20.0 mg/L安普霉素、接合转移12 h后覆盖抗生素,添加MgCl2终浓度为5.0 mmol/L时接合转移效率最高,达3.24×10-6.[结论]通过确定适用于菌株WZS021接合转移条件建立的菌株WZS021遗传转化体系,有助于今后插入标记基因确定该菌的固氮定殖位点及导入外源基因的操作.     

论种子的需光性

近代种子生理的研究揭示了种子的需光萌发和它的作用机理,所以我们在许多种子萌发的生态环境中要考虑到光的因子。本文列举53科100多属的需光种子的材料,并对它的概念、类型、发生、萌发习性与条件、光敏素的作用及其生态学意义进行介绍与分析。     

Photosynthetic characteristics and protective mechanisms against photooxidation during high temperature stress in two citrus species

Exposure of Satsuma mandarin (Citrus unshiu Marc.) and Navel orange (Citrus sinensis Osbeck) plants to high temperature (38 °C) led to reductions of the net photosynthetic rate (Pn), the photorespiration rate (Pr), the quantum efficiency CO₂ assimilation (ΦCO₂${\Phi }_{\text{C}{\text{O}}_2}$), the maximal photochemical efficiency of PS2 (Fv/Fm), the photochemical quenching (qP) and the quantum efficiency of PS2 photochemistry (Φ_PS2), whereas the minimal fluorescence yield (Fo) and the non-photochemical quenching (qN) increased. Increase in the value of Pr/Pn and ΦPS₂/ΦCO₂${\Phi }_{\text{PS}2}/{\Phi }_{\text{C}{\text{O}}_2}$ was attributed to the greater decrease in Pn and ΦCO₂${\Phi }_{\text{C}{\text{O}}_2}$ than Pr and Φ_PS2. In addition, the superoxide radical (O₂⁻) production, the H₂O₂ concentration and the activities of antioxidant enzymes such as the superoxide dismutase (SOD, EC 1.15.1.1), the ascorbate peroxidase (APX, EC 1.11.1.11), the dehydroascorbate reductase (DHAR, EC 1.8.5.1) and the catalase (CAT, EC 1.11.1.6) were raised. On the other hand, the chlorophyll concentration in leaves decreased during high temperature stress. These results suggest that decline in Pn related to inactivation of PS2 reaction centers may be due to the enhanced number of active oxygen species in the citrus leaves. The water–water cycle may play a role in limiting the degree of photodamage caused by high temperature. Lower O₂⁻ production rate, the H₂O₂ concentration and the antioxidant enzymes activity were observed in high temperature tolerant species of citrus. The exogenous active oxygen scavenger ascorbic acid (Asc) enhanced the ability to clear the O₂⁻ in citrus plants, and quicken the recovery of photosynthetic apparatus.     

氨化竹笋加工下脚料饲用价值研究

竹笋加工下脚料经过氨化，具有竹笋味和酸味混合而成特殊的香味，质地松散柔软。晒干后，易于粉碎，可改善粗饲料的适口性。在竹笋加工下脚料中均匀混入尿素等含氮化合物，经水解或尿脲酶的作用下分解产生氨。细菌以氨为氮源，利用各种物质各种物质合成氨基酸，进而合成细菌蛋白。根据试验结果：采用尿素氨化，可明显提高粗蛋白的含量，提高家畜必需的氨基酸成份含量，增加氨基酸的总量。通过与其他粗饲料进行成份、价格对比，进一步分析其开发价值。     

离子掺杂对Ba1-xMoO4∶xPr3＋荧光粉发光性能的影响

采用高温固相法合成Ba0.99MoO4∶0.01Pr3＋荧光粉.利用XRD、荧光光谱和色度坐标研究了不同掺杂离子对荧光粉发光性能的影响.结果表明：掺杂少量的V（钒）,W（钨）,Ti（钛）和Co（钴）未影响到BaMoO4的晶体结构,但掺杂少量的V和W能有效地提高荧光粉的发光强度,Ti的掺杂虽然也能提高其发光强度,但效果不明显,Co的掺杂降低了其发光强度.在所有掺杂离子中,V的掺杂对荧光粉发光强度的提高效果最为明显,V在荧光粉中的最佳摩尔分数为0.08.样品中加入V能提高荧光粉的发光纯度,当V的摩尔分数为0.08时,红光效果最好.     

Quantitative Comparisons of Acidic Prealbumin (Pr) Phenotypes in Horses

Comparisons of Pr protein amounts in horse sera have been performed using Mancini et al.’s (1965) immunodiffusion technique. Relative values against a chosen standard of 100 % were determined for a total of 435 horses.There was considerable variation between horses, the highest Pr value being 125 % and the lowest 50 % of the standard. In animals of the same Pr phenotype the mean Pr values were significantly higher (P < 0.001) in foals than in mares. In Norwegian Trotter horses the Pr value of Pr NN animals was significantly higher than that of Pr SS phenotypes, whereas the mean Pr values of Pr SS was significantly higher than that of Pr UU Warmblood Trotter horses, the Pr value of Pr SS being 90 % and the Pr-UU 80 % of that of Pr NN.No difference between sexes with regard to Pr values was found.     

The characterization of equine prealbumin (Pr) proteins by antigen-antibody crossed electrophoresis.

The characterization of equine prealbumin (Pr) proteins by antigen-antibody crossed electrophoresis. Acta vet. scand. 1979, 20, 180–190. — Selected equine Pr phenotypes from a total of 55 horses of mixed breeds were investigated. The horse sera were subjected to acid starch gel electrophoresis at pH 4.8, followed by right angle electrophoresis in agarose gels containing rabbit-produced anti-Pr protein. This technique gives peaks in the agarose gels corresponding to the Pr zones in acid gels.The investigation revealed patterns of the Pr protein which were more complex than those seen when using ordinary acid starch gel electrophoresis. The phenotypes FF, II and LL showed a total of eight peaks, each with three main peaks in the front. Ahead of these, the Pr II and Pr LL phenotypes each had a fourth small peak. The basic fast pattern for these two phenotypes therefore consisted of four bands. The Pr WW and Pr SS showed a similar picture as regards the fast moving peaks. The Pr NN type appeared with two peaks in the front, one small and one large and with two slow moving ones. The Pr UU type had four peaks, but only in the area of the main Pr U band in acid gels.Four heterozygous Pr phenotypes appeared as a combination of the corresponding homozygous phenotypes, the number and height of the peaks depending on positions and overlappings of these in the respective homozygotes. Thus the Pr FW phenotype showed a total of 10 peaks.The effect of variations in pH of the starch gel buffer was studied. The Pr NN and Pr FF phenotypes were run at pH 4.8, 5.0, 5.2 and 5.4. With increasing pH, the slow moving peaks weakened and moved closer to the fast ones. At pH 5.4 only one large fast moving peak remained.