红树林植物海莲不同部位提取物抗氧化活性研究

植物抗氧化研究对寻找高效率、低毒性天然抗氧化剂具有重要的指导意义。以在海南分布较广的红树林植物海莲进行抗氧化活性研究,以期对海莲开发利用的可能性提供理论依据。采用清除DPPH自由基和清除ABTS自由基对海莲不同部位———根、茎、叶、花的乙酸乙酯提取物进行抗氧化能力评价,采用比色法和福林酚法测定总黄酮和总酚含量。结果显示,海莲茎的提取物在4个部位中抗氧化活性最好,清除二者的IC50分别为(0.234±0.053)mg/m L和(0.196±0.080)mg/m L,海莲中酚类物质含量较大,4个部位中茎的总酚含量最多,含量为13.2 mg。说明海莲各部位均显示出了较好的抗氧化能力,具有较好的开发潜力。     

罗汉果花提取液对亚硝酸盐清除效果研究

探索罗汉果花提取液对亚硝酸盐的清除效果，为罗汉果花的开发利用提供相关理论依据。以罗汉果花提取液对亚硝酸盐的清除率为考察指标，分别研究不同提取方法和提取溶剂所获得的提取液对亚硝酸盐的清除效果，在确定最佳提取方法和提取溶剂的基础上，通过单因素试验和正交试验对提取工艺进行优化。结果表明，采用蒸馏水作为溶剂，利用微波辅助浸提法效果较好，最佳提取工艺为：微波功率490 W，提取时间2 min，料液比1∶15（g/mL）。在此条件下，罗汉果花提取液对亚硝酸盐清除率达到56.83%。     

胡萝卜乳酸饮料的工艺优化及其对DPPH自由基的清除作用

以胡萝卜汁为主要原料,与牛奶混合发酵制备一种具有较强自由基清除作用的乳酸饮料,利用单因素试验和正交试验设计,以酸度、感官评分、DPPH清除率为指标,对胡萝卜乳酸饮料的加工工艺进行优化。结果表明,胡萝卜乳酸饮料的最佳工艺条件为:胡萝卜汁添加量85.0%,牛奶添加量15.0%,白砂糖添加量6%,添加0.25%的黄原胶作为稳定性,用0.06%的柠檬酸进行调配,接种0.015%的乳酸菌,于44℃下发酵7 h,可得一种营养丰富、酸甜爽口,富有独特风味的乳酸饮料,其蛋白质含量为0.7%、总糖含量6.8%、可溶性固形物含量12.5%、酸度35.26°T,DPPH清除率达到93.37%。     

Radical scavenging activity and composition of raspberry (Rubus idaeus) leaves from different locations in Lithuania

Raspberry (Rubus idaeus) leaves, collected in different locations of Lithuania were extracted with ethanol and the extracts were tested for their antioxidant activity (AA) by using ABTS(.)(+) decolourisation and DPPH(.) scavenging methods. All extracts were active, with radical scavenging capacity at the used concentrations from 20.5 to 82.5% in DPPH(.) reaction system and from 8.0 to 42.7% in ABTS(.)(+) reaction. The total amount of phenolic compounds in the leaves varied from 4.8 to 12.0 mg of gallic acid equivalents (GAE) in 1 g of plant extract. Quercetin glucuronide, quercetin-3-O-glucoside and rutin were identified in the extracts.     

Antioxidant Activity of Pigment Extracted from Green-Wheat-Bran

The anthocyanin pigment extracted from green-wheat-bran was studied to identify its antioxidant activity.The antioxidant activities of the pigment were evaluated by anti-lipid peroxidation,total antioxidant activity （TAA）,superoxide anion radical scavenging activity （SARSA）,active oxygen scavenging activity （AOSA）,and DPPH （1,1-diphenyl-2 picrylhydrazyl free radical） radical scavenging activity.The results showed that the pigment had higher antioxidant activity and TAA,SARSA,AOSA and DPPH.scavenging activities at a certain concentration than Vc （antiscorbutic vitamin,vitamin C）,and the capacity increased with the increase of pigment concentration.Its TAA was 51.06 U mL-1,1.73 times of Vc,and SARSA 18 025.21 U mL-1,2.26% higher than Vc,and AOSA 3 776.31 U mL-1,1.24 times of Vc.As to the DPPH.scavenging activity of the pigment,there was a trend that higher concentration performed higher activity significantly improved with the company of Vc.The pigment showed significant antioxidant activities evaluated by different assays.Results will provide a better understanding on antioxidant activity of green wheat and allow the screening or breeding of green wheat varieties with higher antioxidant activity for food processing.     

玫瑰茄粗多糖清除DPPH自由基活性研究

以玫瑰茄干花萼为原料,利用水浸醇析法提取玫瑰茄粗多糖,其抗氧化活性用清除1,1-二苯基苦基苯肼（DPPH）自由基的能力进行评价。结果表明,玫瑰茄粗多糖具有良好的抗氧化活性,其浓度在0.551~2.150 mg/mL范围内,与清除率呈较好的线性关系：y=28.7684x+39.43208,R=0.973。     

“文椰2号”椰子外果皮中50％乙醇提取物体外清除自由基能力的研究

从清除超氧阴离子自由基、还原力、清除DPPH自由基、清除羟基自由基等方面,研究“文椰2号”椰子外果皮中50％乙醇提取物的抗氧化性。结果表明,“文椰2号”椰子外果皮中50％乙醇提取物的还原能力较强,对DPPH·自由基和羟基自由基有较强的清除能力,对Fe2+的络合能力和脂质体过氧化反应的抑制作用也较强,但对超氧阴离子自由基的清除能力较弱。因此,椰子外果皮中50％乙醇提取物是一种抗氧化功效较强的活性物质,具有很好的保健功能。     

超声辅助提取首乌藤黄酮及其抗氧化活性的研究

首乌藤是传统的药食同源植物,为进一步研究其生物活性成分,以乙醇溶液浸提,结合超声波辅助方法,采用L9(34)正交实验设计研究了首乌藤黄酮的最佳提取工艺,并测定了其对羟自由基(·OH)和1,1-二苯基-2-苦苯肼自由基(DPPH.)的清除结果。结果表明,黄酮最佳提取工艺条件为:提取温度60℃,乙醇体积分数50%,提取时间40 min,超声波功率200 W,料液比1∶15,提取次数2次,该条件下总提取率可达21.35%。在一定范围内,提取物对.OH的清除效果与其浓度呈线性关系(R2=0.994 7),IC50为0.130 mg/mL;对DPPH.有较强的清除能力,其IC50值为0.032 mg/mL。试验表明,首乌藤含有丰富的黄酮类化合物,具有体外抗氧化活性,是天然的自由基清除剂,有很大的开发前景。     

Purification and Characterization of a New DPPH Radical Scavenging Peptide from Shrimp Processing By-products Hydrolysate

A peptide with high antioxidant activity was isolated and identified from shrimp processing by-products hydrolysate. The 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl radical scavenging activity was used to evaluate the antioxidant activity of fractions. The purified antioxidant peptide was identified as Ser-Val-Ala-Met-Leu-Phe-His (804.4 Da) by electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometry. The purified peptide at 50 μg/mL showed antioxidative activity of 65.7 ± 0.9%, which was 3.18-fold higher compared with the first step separation by ion-exchange chromatography. It is possible to produce natural antioxidative peptides from shrimp processing by-products hydrolysate. The high antioxidant activity may be due to the presence of Phe-His segment at the C-terminus of the peptide.     

Evaluation of Antioxidant Activity of Marine Algae-Extracts From Korea

Among 51 marine algae distributed along the Korean coast, Sargassum muticum (Yendo) Fensholt, Ishige okamurae Yendo, Ecklonia cava Kjellman, Polysiphonia morrowii Harvey, Dictyopteris undulata Holmes, Sargassm micracanthum (Kutzing) Endlicher, and Sargassum macrocarpum C. Agarch were found to have potent antioxidant activity. Additionally, the reducing power of marine algae-extracts was consistent with diphenyl-1-picryl hydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging activity. Because little is known about Sargassum muticum (Yendo) Fensholt, Ishige okamurae Yendo, Ecklonia cava Kjellman, Polysiphonia morrowii Harvey, Dictyopteris undulata Holmes, Sargassm micracanthum (Kutzing) Endlicher, and Sargassum macrocarpum C. Agarch, these marine algae may act as candidates for potent antioxidant food materials and are expected to have functional activity for foods and pharmaceuticals for treating oxidative diseases.