不结球白菜抗病基因同源序列的克隆及分析

【目的】利用同源序列法分离不结球白菜抗病基因同源序列。【方法】根据植物抗病基因TIR-NBS-LRR保守区设计简并引物，对不结球白菜基因组DNA及cDNA进行PCR扩增。【结果】获得了10个具有通读氨基酸序列的片段。同源性比较发现，该10个片段均属于TIR-NBS-LRR类抗病基因同源序列（RGA），与已知R基因相应区段的氨基酸序列一致性为50%～66%。与已知抗病基因聚类分析结果显示，该10个RGA序列可以分为5大类。利用RGA950作为探针进行Southern杂交，结果表明，其在基因组中存在多拷贝。【结论】本研究成功获得了不结球白菜RGA序列，为进一步克隆不结球白菜的R基因奠定了基础。     

中间锦鸡儿CiDR1的克隆及干旱胁迫下的表达分析

[目的]研究并了解中间锦鸡儿CiDR1基因功能及其对干旱胁迫的响应,为抗性育种提供候选基因。[方法]通过RACE技术从中间锦鸡儿中克隆CiDR1基因的c DNA全长,利用生物信息学分析软件对其基因结构及功能进行分析和预测。再通过qRT-PCR技术对干旱胁迫后的幼苗中的CiDR1表达模式进行研究。[结果]从中间锦鸡儿中克隆到CiDR1基因的c DNA全长共计4 297 bp,Gen Bank登录号为KP277100。生物信息学分析表明,预测的CiDR1蛋白序列中含有1 243个氨基酸残基,具有抗病基因特征结构域TIR、NB-ARC、LRR等,其等电点为6.35,不稳定指数为42.91,不具备信号肽,为非分泌蛋白,定位于细胞质中。定量PCR检测发现,CiDR1基因在幼年期的茎中表达量较低,在成年期的叶片中表达量较高;在干旱胁迫处理后的幼苗中,CiDR1表达水平有明显下降,表明该基因的表达受干旱抑制,可能与中间锦鸡儿适应干旱相关。[结论]中间锦鸡儿在干旱胁迫后其根、茎和叶中CiDR1的表达均明显下降,表明CiDR1的表达受干旱抑制,可能与中间锦鸡儿适应干旱相关,进一步研究发现CiDR1在根、茎、叶中的表达水平可能受发育阶段调控。     

Cloning, genetic and physical mapping of resistance gene analogs in barley (Hordeum vulgare L.)

The majority of verified plant disease resistance genes isolated to date belong to the NBS‐LRR class, encoding proteins with a predicted nucleotide binding site (NBS) and a leucine‐rich repeat (LRR) region. Using degenerate primers, designed from the conserved motifs of the NBS region in tobacco N and Arabidopsis RPS2 genes, we isolated 190 resistance gene analogs (RGA) clones from barley genomic DNA. A total of 13 single‐ and low‐copy RGAs were genetically mapped onto chromosomes 1H–7H (except 5H) using three barley double haploid (DH) mapping populations: Steptoe × Morex, Harrington × TR306 and LUGC × Bowman. Sequence analysis of the RGAs showed that they are members of a diverse group. As a result of BLAST searches, one RGA proved unique as it did not detect any significant hit. Another RGA is putatively functional, because it detected several barley expressed sequence tag (EST) matches. To physically map the RGAs, 13 sequences were used to screen a 6.3 × cv. ‘Morex’ bacterial artificial chromosome (BAC) library. After fingerprint analysis, eight contigs were constructed incorporating 62 BAC clones. These BAC contigs are of great value for positional cloning of disease resistance genes, because they span the regions where various barley R genes have been genetically mapped.     

Genome-wide analysis and identification of TIR-NBS-LRR genes in Chinese cabbage (Brassica rapa ssp. pekinensis) reveal expression patterns to TuMV infection

TIR-NBS-LRR (TNL) genes greatly affect plant growth and development. Ninety TNL-type genes were identified and characterized in Chinese cabbage (Brassica rapa ssp. pekinensis). Tissue-expression profiling revealed different expression levels in different tissues. qRT-PCR analysis revealed the expression patterns of 69 genes challenged by Turnip mosaic virus (TuMV): 42 genes were up-regulated, and 11 genes down-regulated; genes were grouped according to their different expression patterns. Sixteen candidate genes were identified as responding to TuMV infection. This study supplies information on resistance genes involved in Chinese cabbage's response against TuMV, and furthers the understanding of resistance mechanisms in B. rapa crops.     

毛白杨TIR-NBS-LRR基因转化烟草的研究

该文采用农杆菌介导法将从毛白杨中克隆得到的TIR-NBS-LRR抗病基因（PtDRG01）导入烟草中,经抗生素筛选和PCR分子检测,获得了一批阳性转化植株。进而对这些阳性转化植株进行烟草花叶病毒接种实验,从表型观察结果发现,在接种病毒1周和6周后,转基因烟草株系TG-11的发病程度明显低于非转基因烟草。荧光定量分析结果显示,转基因烟草株系TG-11叶片中的烟草花叶病毒(TMV)数量显著低于非转基因植株,且该转基因株系中的PtDRG01基因转录水平显著高于非转基因植株。这些结果表明,毛白杨PtDRG01基因具有明显的抗病功能,其高效表达能够显著提高烟草的抗TMV能力。该文通过对烟草的遗传转化与病毒接种实验,鉴定了PtDRG01基因的功能,可为其他TIR-NBS-LRR基因的功能鉴定提供参考。