面向老龄化社会的户外环境植物景观与健康效益评价模型建构

为了促进国内基于健康视角下户外植物景观可量化评价机制的形成与完善，归纳总结了健康景观以及普通植物景观中广泛存在的对人身心健康有促进作用的因素——植物的健康效益。从植物景观对人身心健康的影响机制手，分析户外景观环境中健康性要素构成，深入探究植物景观与老年人身心健康的作用机理，并初步构建了基于植物健康效益的适老性户外植物景观评价指标体系。     

浙江省农村养老问题实证研究

在实地走访的基础上,通过设计问卷对浙江农村养老的现状、诉求等相关方面展开调查,分析了农村养老问题的特点和老年人自身的需求。针对调查结果,提出了稳定家庭养老基础、健全养老保险体系、推广集中供养模式等解决农村养老问题的建议。     

杉木老龄林群落的种-多度关系研究

以杉木老龄林群落为研究对象,结合对数级数和对数正态分布模型,建立3 600 m2的大样地分析杉木老龄林群落的种-多度关系。结果表明:样方的平均物种数和个体数分别为6.86种和35.75株,各样方的物种数及个体数存在极显著正相关关系,说明杉木老龄林群落中生境空间对物种个体的承载能力,还未限制其物种数量。个体数-种序(p>0.05)和频度-种序(p>0.05)的分布曲线均符合对数级数分布;对数正态分布模型则能够较好拟合个体数-种序(p>0.05)的分布曲线,但频度-种序(p<0.05)的分布曲线则不适合用该模型来解释。随着尺度的增加,物种数和个体数的变异系数、二者间的相关性及物种数的方差逐步下降,个体数的方差却呈上升的趋势。     

储藏对稻米淀粉结构及含量的影响

综述了储藏对稻米淀粉的含量及其结构影响。分析了稻米淀粉的结构，讨论了储藏对稻米直链淀粉和支链淀粉含量与结构的影响。在此基础上，提出加强储藏过程中稻米中支链淀粉和直链淀粉中不溶性组分的含量及其结构变化等的研究，将有利于解析储藏过程中稻米淀粉特性的变化及其对稻米品质的影响。     

Variation in Shoot Anatomy and Rooting Behaviour of Stem Cuttings in Relation to Age of Donor Plants in Teak (Tectona grandis Linn. f.)

Shoot anatomical features viz., number of vessel elements, width and length of vessel and fibre elements were studied in relation to juvenility/maturity of teak (Tectona grandis Linn. f.). The findings show significant differences in these features, which indicates that variation in shoot anatomy can be used as a reliable indicator of juvenility/maturity in teak. The effect of age of donor plants and application of auxins on adventitious root formation in single noded leafy stem cuttings of teak was also investigated. Aging of donor trees suppressed rooting and sprouting of cuttings, but increased callus formation at the base of cuttings. Per cent rooting and per cent sprouting in cuttings decreased as age of donor plants increased from 2-months to 15-years and up to 30-years. IBA treatment promoted per cent rooting as well as per cent sprouting, NAA promoted only rooting and it suppressed sprouting. The effect of auxin treatment on rooting and sprouting of teak stem cuttings varied with the age of donor plants. Auxin and its concentration, which suppressed rooting and sprouting in cuttings of younger donor plants, actually promoted rooting when cuttings were taken from more mature donor plants. It appears that the auxin requirement for causing and promoting rooting in teak cuttings increased with increasing age of donor plants. The higher auxin requirement for causing and promoting rooting in cuttings of older trees may be due to a decrease in the content on endogenous auxins or decreased sensitivity of aging tissues to rooting promoters and /or accumulation of inhibitory substances which inhibit rooting.     

木塑复合材料的耐老化性能研究

木塑复合材料的老化性能直接关系其使用寿命和适用范围。该研究使用稻壳、橡胶木锯末和橡胶籽壳分别与回收聚乙烯混合制备木塑复合材料,通过色差分析、红外光谱分析研究了3种木塑复合材料经荧光紫外老化后表面颜色、化学成分的变化。结果表明,经2 000 h老化后,3种木塑复合材料表面均出现褪色、羰基浓度增大,并随着老化时间增加而增加。其中橡胶籽壳基WPCs的变化最大,稻壳次之,橡胶锯末最小。     

浓缩液醇化处理对烟草薄片致香成分及感官质量的影响

通过对比分析浓缩液经醇化处理前、后对其物理化学性质、香气成分及烟草薄片的主要致香成分和内在感官质量,结果表明：（1）经醇化处理后浓缩液中蛋白质、果胶、总糖含量有所降低,醇化后浓缩液的粘度和pH值也稍有降低;（2）经醇化处理后烟梗、烟末浓缩液及所制成烟草薄片的挥发性组分增多且主要致香成分含量均有不同程度的增加,其中新植二烯含量增幅最大;（3）浓缩液经醇化处理后烟草薄片的香气量、谐调性、木质杂气和余味等方面有较明显的改善。     

Oxidative Stress and Antioxidant Status in Standardbreds: Effect of Age and Training in Resting Plasma and Muscle

The hypothesis of this study was that yearlings would have more oxidative stress as measured by malondialdehyde (MDA), total glutathione (GSH-T), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), and nitric oxide (NO) than mature mares before training, but after they would have similar levels. Ten Standardbred yearling fillies and 10 mature Standardbred mares were split into trained and nontrained groups. Horses were trained 5 days/wk for 7 weeks. Blood and muscle samples were collected at rest on weeks 0, 2, 5, 7, and 9. At week 0, the yearlings had higher muscle GSH-T and NO concentrations (P = .03) than the trained mares. At week 9, plasma NO concentrations were lower in trained mares than in the trained yearlings (P = .007). Trained mares increased muscle MDA and decreased plasma MDA concentrations from weeks 0 to 9 (P < .01), while all mares increased muscle NO and GSH-T concentrations by week 9 (P < .05). Trained mares and yearlings had increased erythrocyte GPx activity at weeks 7 and 9 and GSH-T concentration at week 7 (P < .05). Mares had higher lipid peroxidation and lower antioxidant status in the muscle than the yearlings prior to training. Trained mares improved antioxidant status and oxidative stress levels through training, resulting in levels similar to the yearlings.